Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of deaths among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.Early diagnosis of TB is essential for administering timely anti‐TB therapy and improving health out-c...Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of deaths among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.Early diagnosis of TB is essential for administering timely anti‐TB therapy and improving health out-comes,particularly in the people living with HIV.However,conventional techniques used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis have significant draw-backs:for example,sputum smear microscopy has low sensitivity,and liquid culture is time‐consuming in patients with HIV‐TB co‐infection due to low sputum production.In addition,while immunological‐based methods involving tuberculin skin testing and interferon gamma release assays are commonly used for auxiliary TB diagnosis,they are often inaccurate in immunodeficient patients.Molecular techniques such as line probe assays,Xpert MTB,and lipoarabinomannan assay are recommended for early diagnosis by World Health Organization.However,no single technique is sufficicent for diagnosing HIV/TB co‐infection,suggesting that multiple diagnostic tests should be used to detect TB.Here,we summarize the drawbacks and advantages of existing TB‐diagnostic methods,as well as their applications to diagnosing HIV/TB co‐infection.We describe newly emerging technologies such as whole genome sequencing and mass spectrometry,with the aim of providing updated guidelines and alternative strategies for TB diagnosis,and particularly HIV/TB diagnosis.展开更多
基金the China Post‐Doctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2022M711486the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Project,Grant/Award Numbers:JCYJ20200109144203815,JCYJ20220530163406014+2 种基金Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund of Guangdong Province:Regional Joint Fund‐Youth Fund Project,Grant/Award Number:2020A15151108031The National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82072281the Shenzhen Third People's Hospital project,Grant/Award Number:G2021027。
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of deaths among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.Early diagnosis of TB is essential for administering timely anti‐TB therapy and improving health out-comes,particularly in the people living with HIV.However,conventional techniques used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis have significant draw-backs:for example,sputum smear microscopy has low sensitivity,and liquid culture is time‐consuming in patients with HIV‐TB co‐infection due to low sputum production.In addition,while immunological‐based methods involving tuberculin skin testing and interferon gamma release assays are commonly used for auxiliary TB diagnosis,they are often inaccurate in immunodeficient patients.Molecular techniques such as line probe assays,Xpert MTB,and lipoarabinomannan assay are recommended for early diagnosis by World Health Organization.However,no single technique is sufficicent for diagnosing HIV/TB co‐infection,suggesting that multiple diagnostic tests should be used to detect TB.Here,we summarize the drawbacks and advantages of existing TB‐diagnostic methods,as well as their applications to diagnosing HIV/TB co‐infection.We describe newly emerging technologies such as whole genome sequencing and mass spectrometry,with the aim of providing updated guidelines and alternative strategies for TB diagnosis,and particularly HIV/TB diagnosis.
