Effects of TCM Nursing Based on Syndrome Differentiation on Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD

[Objectives] To investigate the effects of TCM nursing based on syndrome differentiation on pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). [Methods] A total of 92 patients with AECOPD who came to Nanchong Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2022 to February 2023 were selected for the study, and the intervention group (TCM nursing based on syndrome differentiation, 46 cases) and the conventional group (basic nursing, 46 cases) were selected for the study, and the pulmonary function and quality of life of the two groups were compared. [Results] Before nursing, there was no significant difference in levels of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) between the intervention group and conventional group ( P >0.05). After 3 months of nursing, the levels of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the intervention group were higher than those in the conventional group ( P <0.05). Before nursing, there was no significant difference in the scores of health, emotion and social functions between the two groups ( P >0.05). At three months of nursing, the scores of health, emotion, and social functions in the intervention group were higher than those in the conventional group ( P <0.05). [Conclusions] The implementation of TCM nursing based on syndrome differentiation in patients with AECOPD can effectively improve the pulmonary function and quality of life of patients, and has significant clinical implementation value.

Clinical Observation on Quality of Life in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients Treated According to Syndrome Differentiation of TCM

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect and quality of life (QOL) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients treated according to syndrome differentiation of TCM. Methods: Eighty-two CABG patients were allocated in the control group (n = 39) treated with conventional method of western medicine, and the TCM-treated group (n

Summary of Experience in Treating Hyperthyroidism with TCM Syndrome Differentiation

Syndrome differentiation is the characteristic and soul of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which has certain advantages in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. TCM mainly divides its syndrome differentiation into four types: exuberant liver fire type, yin deficiency and fire exuberant type, qi-yin deficiency type and phlegm stagnation type. This paper summarizes the treatment of hyperthyroidism by TCM syndrome differentiation, in order to provide some reference for the treatment of this disease.

The Distribution Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Hyperlipidemia

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is a representative nutritional metabolic disease in clinic, which is easy to induce atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with complex classification. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome aims to reflect the characteristics of diseases and is the basic principle of TCM treatment of diseases. This study aimed to summarize the distribution pattern of TCM syndromes in patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods: The frequency, characteristics and distribution of all TCM syndromes of 1012 patients with hyperlipidemia were analyzed. Results: The main disease types determined by frequency of 1012 patients included hypertriglyceridemia combined with hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (19.76%), hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (18.58%), hypercholesterolemia (16.50%), mixed hyperlipidemia (16.40%), and hypertriglyceridemia (15.12%). The distribution of TCM syndromes, in order of frequency, was as follows: Qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (23.52%), liver depression and spleen deficiency (9.88%), syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis (9.29%), phlegm stasis syndrome (7.41%), and syndrome of yang deficiency of spleen and kidney (6.92%). Conclusion: Qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency are the most common TCM syndromes in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Research on Text Mining of Syndrome Element Syndrome Differentiation by Natural Language Processing

Objective Natural language processing (NLP) was used to excavate and visualize the core content of syndrome element syndrome differentiation (SESD). Methods The first step was to build a text mining and analysis environment based on Python language, and built a corpus based on the core chapters of SESD. The second step was to digitalize the corpus. The main steps included word segmentation, information cleaning and merging, document-entry matrix, dictionary compilation and information conversion. The third step was to mine and display the internal information of SESD corpus by means of word cloud, keyword extraction and visualization. Results NLP played a positive role in computer recognition and comprehension of SESD. Different chapters had different keywords and weights. Deficiency syndrome elements were an important component of SESD, such as "Qi deficiency""Yang deficiency" and "Yin deficiency". The important syndrome elements of substantiality included "Blood stasis""Qi stagnation", etc. Core syndrome elements were closely related. Conclusions Syndrome differentiation and treatment was the core of SESD. Using NLP to excavate syndromes differentiation could help reveal the internal relationship between syndromes differentiation and provide basis for artificial intelligence to learn syndromes differentiation.

Analysis of 278 Cases of Clinical Application of Western Medicine with Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation

Since the beginning of the Western Learning, modern medicine has developed rapidly in China, and the integration of Chinese and western medicine has become inevitable. Since Zhang Xichun's "Medicine in the West", using traditional Chinese medicine theory to guide the practice of western medicine, through long-term clinical diagnosis, we gradually realized the advantages of applying western medicine according to TCM syndrome differentiation. Therefore, 278 patients from the Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province from July 2015 to December 2017 were enrolled in the relevant departments of the Department of Internal Medicine. On the basis of routine treatment, TCM was obtained through inspection, inquiry, listening and smelling, palpation and pulse-taking. The syndrome type is based on the medicinal properties, menstruation and ef?cacy of more than ten kinds of western medicines, so that they can reach Chinese medicine[1]. Therefore, this paper aims to improve the accuracy of western medicine use, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, discover the new ef?cacy of western medicine,and promote the integration of Chinese and western medicine.

Mining Syndrome Differentiating Principles from Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Data

Syndrome differentiation-based treatment is one of the key characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).The process of syndrome differentiation is difficult and challenging due to its complexity,diversity and vagueness.Analyzing syndrome principles from historical records of TCM using data mining(DM)technology has been of high interest in recent years.Nevertheless,in most relevant studies,existing DM algorithms have been simply developed for TCM mining,while the combination of TCM theories or its characteristics with DM algorithms has rarely been reported.This paper presents a novel Symptom-Syndrome Topic Model(SSTM),which is a supervised probabilistic topic model with three-tier Bayesian structure.In the SSTM,syndromes are considered as observed topic labels to distinguish certain symptoms from possible symptoms according to their different positions.The generation of our model is in full compliance with the syndrome differentiation theory of TCM.Experimental results show that the SSTM is more effective than other models for syndrome differentiating.

中医智能推理辨证模型探索

虽然中医人工智能辨证诊断技术不断发展,但现有的智能辨证模型只能输出辨证诊断结果,无法展现辨证推理过程,不具有中医诊断学知识的可解释性,难以真正体现中医的辨证思维过程,这可能是困惑已久的难题。本文阐述了中医智能辨证诊断的发展历程与技术特点,探讨了当前中医智能辨证诊断研究在中医辨证思维推理解析问题上遇到的关键技术及瓶颈,提出了一种可推理解释中医辨证思维过程的新型智能辨证诊断模型架构,并阐述了模型与算法的实现过程,以及进行了详细的数据实例分析。本文将为中医的智能辨证发展提供了新的方法,为中医临床辅助决策打开了新的研究思路。

腹膜透析患者血清klotho蛋白水平与中医证候的相关性研究

目的:探讨腹膜透析患者血清klotho蛋白水平与中医证候的相关性。方法:选取180例规律腹膜透析患者作为研究对象,均进行中医辨证,分为主证和兼证两类;并根据患者肾小球滤过率(GFR)和血清分泌型klotho蛋白水平的四分位数,分为4组,统计各组中医主证、兼证分布情况。结果:180例腹膜透析患者主证占比,脾肾气虚证>气阴两虚证>肝肾阴虚证>脾肾阳虚证>阴阳两虚证;兼证占比,瘀血证>湿热证>湿浊证;不同主证的GFR和klotho蛋白水平存在显著性差异(P<0.05),GFR、klotho蛋白水平比较,肝肾阴虚证<阴阳两虚证<气阴两虚证<脾肾阳虚证<脾肾气虚证,且GFR与血清klotho蛋白水平呈正相关。不同兼证患者GFR和klotho蛋白水平比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。按照血清分泌型klotho蛋白水平分布范围分组,发现在klotho蛋白水平较低的患者中,肝肾阴虚证和阴阳两虚证的占比较高;相反,在klotho蛋白水平较高的患者中,脾肾气虚证和脾肾阳虚证的占比较高,各组中医主证比率比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),而兼证比率比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹膜透析患者血清klotho蛋白水平与中医主证呈显著相关性,且肝肾阴虚证、阴阳两虚证者klotho蛋白降低尤其明显,主要与肾精不足或衰退相关。

中重度宫腔粘连应用中医临床决策系统效果分析

[目的]探讨中医临床决策系统在治疗中重度宫腔粘连(intrauterine adhesion,IUA)中的应用及效果。[方法]采用随机对照试验进行前瞻性研究,选择2022年1月至12月在杭州市某三级甲等中医院行宫腔镜下子宫粘连松解术的中重度IUA患者,根据是否通过中医优势病种临床决策系统进行辨证论治分为对照组(51例)、决策系统组(53例)、临床医师组(54例),比较3组患者治疗前后月经量改善、美国生育协会(American Fertility Society,AFS)评分、子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜血流参数、中医伴随症候疗效。[结果]治疗后3组患者月经量比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组均有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者宫腔AFS评分比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组显著下降(P<0.01),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者子宫内膜厚度显著增加,子宫内膜血流参数显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但治疗前后组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者中医伴随症候疗效比较,临床医师组较对照组、决策系统组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组与决策系统组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]中医临床决策系统用于中重度IUA的治疗可显著改善患者月经量,降低术后AFS评分,防止粘连再发生。

乳腺癌发病与中医体质及辨证分型的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌发病与中医体质及辨证分型的相关性。方法选取2021年1月至2023年6月在安徽医科大学第一附属医院就诊的108例乳腺癌患者为观察组,另选取同期在该院进行体检的80例健康妇女为对照组。统计所有受试者的一般资料、中医体质及中医辨证分型,采用多因素logistic回归分析乳腺癌发病的危险因素,以Spearman法分析中医体质与辨证分型的相关性。结果108例乳腺癌患者中,以气虚质(18.52%)、气郁质(16.67%)、血瘀质(13.89%)占比较高,2组间平和质、气虚质、血瘀质、气郁质分布比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他体质分布比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,平和质为乳腺癌发病的保护因素,气虚质、气郁质为乳腺癌发病的危险因素(P<0.05);108例乳腺癌患者中,辨证分型最多为气血亏虚证(56.48%),其后依次为肝郁痰凝证(18.52%)、冲任失调证(16.67%)、肝肾阴虚证(8.33%);气虚质与气血亏虚证呈正相关(P<0.05);阴虚质与肝肾阴虚证呈正相关(P<0.05);血瘀质与冲任失调证呈正相关(P<0.05);气郁质与肝郁痰凝证呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论气虚质、气郁质为乳腺癌的易感体质,乳腺癌中医体质与辨证分型存在相关性,在一定程度上影响疾病证型的发生及发展。

2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者中医证型分布及其与血清炎症因子及脂联素水平的相关性研究

【目的】探讨2型糖尿病视网膜病变(type 2 diabetic retinopathy,T2DR)的中医证型分布及其与血清炎症因子、脂联素(APN)水平的相关性,为T2DR的中医辨证分型提供客观依据。【方法】采用横断面病例对照研究方法,选择2022年9月至2023年3月在江西省赣州市人民医院眼科诊断为T2DR的患者共42例84眼,观察T2DR患者眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)分期与中医辨证分型的关系,分析不同中医证型与血清炎症因子及APN水平的关系以及不同FFA分期的血清炎症因子及APN水平差异,探讨T2DR患者各变量与不同中医证型之间的相关性。【结果】(1)42例T2DR患者中,男性27例,女性15例,平均年龄为(54.0±12.0)岁;其中,肝肾亏虚、目络失养证14例(33.3%),阴精不足、燥热内生证15例(35.7%),气阴两虚、络脉瘀阻证9例(21.4%),阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证4例(9.5%),脾失健运、水湿阻滞证0例(0.0%)。(2)肝肾亏虚、目络失养证患者中双眼眼底FFA分期≥4期[增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)]者占78.6%(11/14),阴精不足、燥热内生证患者占73.3%(11/15),气阴两虚、络脉瘀阻证患者和阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证患者均占100%(9/9;4/4),但组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.272)。(3)42例T2DR患者中,有35例(83.3%)患者的肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、28例(68.3%)患者的C反应蛋白(CRP)、38例(90.5%)患者的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平均高于正常值;但不同FFA分期患者的血清炎症因子TNF-α、CRP、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及APN、HbA1c水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);同时,不同中医证型的血清APN、TNF-α、CRP、IL-6、VEGF水平比较,差异也均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(4)相比肝肾亏虚、目络失养证患者,阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证患者的眼部病程较短,两者的相关性接近差异有统计学意义(r=-0.467,P=0.051);相比阴精不足、燥热内生证患者,阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证患者的CRP水平较高(r=0.592,P=0.010);相比气阴两虚、络脉瘀阻证患者,阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证患者的CRP水平较高(r=0.668,P=0.013)和糖尿病病程更长(r=0.629,P=0.021)。【结论】血清TNF-α及CRP在T2DR中有更高的表达;肝肾亏虚、目络失养证和阴精不足、燥热内生证为T2DR的常见证型;阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证与CRP密切相关,同时阴阳两虚、血瘀痰凝证型患者有更长的糖尿病病程。

不同中医证型2型糖尿病患者肠道菌群的差异性及其与血糖的相关性

目的研究不同中医证型2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者肠道菌群的差异性及其与血糖的相关性。方法以2018年2月—2021年1月在山西省中医院进行治疗的84例T2DM患者作为研究对象,另选取同期志愿者60例作为对照组,比较观察组与对照组、不同中医证型的肠道菌群及血糖水平的差异,分析不同中医证型T2DM患者肠道菌群的差异性及其与血糖的相关性。结果观察组以及对照组不同中医证型革兰氏阳性杆菌、革兰氏阴性杆菌、革兰氏阳性球菌、革兰氏阴性球菌、真菌、球杆比与空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖以及糖化血红蛋白水平之间的差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者的中医证型与肠道菌群,空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖以及糖化血红蛋白水平呈现显著的相关性。结论不同中医证型T2DM患者的肠道菌群具有一定的差异,这种差异可能是糖尿病患者不同中医证型形成的影响因素,并且与血糖水平具有一定的相关性。

国医大师周仲瑛融贯古今创建病机理论新体系学术思想述要

概述了国医大师周仲瑛教授以创建中医病机理论新体系为核心学术思想的探索历程、学术意义,对其理论内涵进行解读。作为中医高等教育教材建设的开拓者,周仲瑛教授创建了中医内科脏腑辨证纲要,坚持不懈开展病机理论创新研究,取得丰硕的学术成果,充实、发展了中医理论学术体系。在对外感热病和内伤急难症临床诊疗过程中,系统创建了瘀热论、癌毒论等病机新理论,据此立法用药能够提高临床疗效,感悟出辨识病机是辨证论治的关键环节。周仲瑛教授晚年以整体观为指引,提出“病机十三条”,构建了中医病机辨证新体系,突出复合病机、病机要素因果链对临床复杂性病证的指导价值,形成以“审证求机,活化辨证”思想为灵魂的理论。该理论突破了从单一病机或固定证型辨证论治的僵化思维,以整体观思想重构了中医理论框架,是现代中医学的一次重大学术创新。

孙桂芝病证结合辨证在肿瘤治疗中的应用

病证结合是孙桂芝教授治疗肿瘤病学术思想的重要组成部分,把辨证与辨病有机地结合起来,进行综合诊治,既照顾到整体,又注意到局部;辨证为先还是辨病为先在临床诊疗中要根据实际情况而定,二者互补。特别是现代科学技术的发展弥补了中医诊疗方面的不足,辨病治疗成为中医治疗学的重要部分。孙桂芝教授临证始终强调辨证与辨病紧密相连,中西手段并用,诊断疾病现代仪器和中医四诊联合,治疗上病证相参结合,攻补兼施,标本兼治,既要兼顾全局,也要重视细节。

中医辨证治疗妊娠期高血压疾病3例

妊娠期高血压疾病为妊娠期特有疾病,发病率较高,发病机制复杂。其治疗目的和原则是防止子痫,降低母婴严重并发症的发生。本研究回顾了3例中医辨证治疗妊娠期高血压疾病的临床医案,通过临床应用中医药辨证施治以祛邪消因,恢复机体平衡,使妊娠得以正常运行,验证了中医中药辨证施治妊娠期高血压疾病的有效性和可行性,分析了其中的治疗机制,为妊娠期高血压疾病的临床治疗提供了新的思路和方法。

190例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者微观辨证研究

目的 以中医辨证分型为基础,将胃镜下黏膜改变及病理组织学变化等微观指标应用于辨证分析,寻求微观指标与慢性萎缩性胃炎证型之间的关系。方法 选取2021年1月1日至2021年12月31日就诊于中国中医科学院广安门医院门诊的慢性萎缩性胃炎患者190例。参考2010年《慢性萎缩性胃炎中医诊疗共识意见》进行辨证分型,对中医证型与胃镜下胃黏膜征象、中医证型与木村-竹本分类、中医证型与病理组织学变化进行相关分析。结果 对中医证型与胃镜下胃黏膜征象进行Logistic回归分析,提示胃络瘀阻证和胃黏膜白相与否呈正相关(P<0.05),肝胃不和证和胃黏膜变薄与否呈正相关(P<0.05),脾胃湿热证和胃黏膜水肿与否呈正相关(P<0.05),脾胃虚弱证和胃黏膜出血与否呈正相关(P<0.05)。对中医证型与胃镜下胃黏膜征象进行Logistic回归分析,表明胃络瘀阻证与木村-竹本分类具有相关关系(P<0.05),胃络瘀阻证患者相比非胃络瘀阻证患者木村-竹本分类为闭合型的概率更高。对中医证型与病理组织学变化进行相关性分析,提示肝胃不和证与OLGA、OLGIM具有相关性。结论 研究发现中医证型与慢性萎缩性胃炎的内镜下黏膜像变化、萎缩的范围及组织病理学变化存在一定的相关性。

基于真实世界数据的青春期异常子宫出血用药规律研究

目的:通过对女童青春期异常子宫出血患儿临床实际诊疗病例资料进行数据挖掘分析其中药治疗的用药规律。方法:基于医院信息管理系统提取2020年1月至2022年12月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院女童青春期异常子宫出血患儿的病历数据,分为止血期和调理期2个阶段,总结归纳其辨治规律。结果:纳入止血期663例患儿,1020例病历;调理期796例患儿,2047例病历。止血期涉及中药169味,排名前5位为侧柏炭、牡丹皮、小蓟、麸炒椿皮和白芍,性味以寒、苦药为最多,归经以肝经为最多,功效以止血、补虚类药物为最多;调理期涉及中药232味,排名前5位为当归、酒女贞子、炙淫羊藿、黄芪和生地黄,性味以温、甘药最多,归经以肝、肾经为最多,功效以补虚类为最多。聚类分析分别获得4类和5类核心药物组合。结论:真实世界临床数据显示肾阴亏虚、血热内扰为青春期异常子宫出血常见证型,治则先以止血为主,待崩漏缓解后,重在调补脾肾以复旧,组方注重止血、补虚、收涩和清热等药物的配伍应用。

基于《伤寒论》的六经辨证体系中医辨证模型推荐处方与临床医生处方结果的Kappa一致性分析

目的分析基于《伤寒论》的六经辨证体系中医辨证模型推荐处方与临床医生处方结果的一致性。方法纳入门诊患者共747例,医生通过四诊的采集得出治疗处方,再以手机终端录入采集的相关症状、体征后得到系统推荐处方。利用Kappa一致性检验来评价基于《伤寒论》的六经辨证体系中医辨证模型推荐处方与临床医生处方结果的一致性。结果基于《伤寒论》的六经辨证体系中医辨证模型推荐处方与临床医生处方的结果具有高度一致性,差异具有统计学意义(Kappa=0.71,P<0.001)。结论基于《伤寒论》的六经辨证体系中医辨证模型推荐处方与临床医生处方结果具有一致性,可辅助临床医生处方。

从气血津液探析代谢组学在中医辨证中的应用

气血津液辨证是中医临床常用的辨证方法之一,是中医辨证论治诊疗体系的重要组成部分。在临床活动中,气血津液辨证因其辨证范围及主观因素的影响,具有一定的局限性。代谢组学可以从“微观辨证”的角度拓宽气血津液辨证的应用范围,提高临床诊断的准确率,提高中医辨证体系的科学性和客观性。为了实现中医证型的标准化,利用代谢组学技术对气血津液辨证进行研究具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。文章对近年来代谢组学在气血津液证型研究中的应用情况进行概述,以期为临床辨证提供新思路及新方法。