Polyaniline-fly ash (PANI-FA) composites were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline with fly ash in presence of ammonium persulphate (APS). The PANI-FA composites were prepared with different concentrations ...Polyaniline-fly ash (PANI-FA) composites were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline with fly ash in presence of ammonium persulphate (APS). The PANI-FA composites were prepared with different concentrations of fly ash to aniline ratio. The composites, so prepared, were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal stability was studied by TGA and total weight loss of PANI, FA and PANI-FA composites having FA composition of 0.02%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% were found to be 82%, 39.%, 67% 65%, 62% and 61%, respectively. The UV-vis spectroscopy of the PANI-FA polymeric composite shows absorption maxima at 315 and 350 nm (due to π-π* transition of the benzenoid rings), and 578-712 nm (due to charge transfer excitations of the quinoid structure), which are characteristic of emeraldine base. FTIR spectra of the PANI-FA composite is similar to that of pure polyaniline (PANI) but with the bands for C=N, C=C and C-N shifted to lower wave numbers, i.e., 1585, 1494, 1327 and 1113 cm?1 due to strong interaction of Fe2O3 and PANI matrix. SEM shows the complexation of metal oxide with emaraldine base of PANI, significantly changing the aggregate state of polymeric molecular chain.展开更多
A number of ancient charred paddies with a 14C dating of about 5900 a BP were recovered in the sixth excavation at Chuodun Site and are assigned to the Majiabang culture(7-6 ka BP).To understand their formation mechan...A number of ancient charred paddies with a 14C dating of about 5900 a BP were recovered in the sixth excavation at Chuodun Site and are assigned to the Majiabang culture(7-6 ka BP).To understand their formation mechanism,the ancient charred paddies were compared to modern paddies using FT-IR spectrum and thermaogravimetric analysis.At the same time,modern charred paddies were made in helium by the laboratory method,and the structural characteristics of them and the ancient ones were revealed using CP/MAS-13C-NMR.Our results show there are more aromatic moieties in ancient charred paddies compared to modern paddies.The aliphatic components of modern charred paddies decrease continuously,accompanied by the accumulation of aromatic components,when the duration and temperature of oxidation increase,and the structure buildings of modern charred paddies are more similar to ancient ones.Given the planting manner of paddies during Majiabang culture period,these ancient charred paddies might be a result of the original farming mode involving fire.展开更多
文摘Polyaniline-fly ash (PANI-FA) composites were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline with fly ash in presence of ammonium persulphate (APS). The PANI-FA composites were prepared with different concentrations of fly ash to aniline ratio. The composites, so prepared, were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal stability was studied by TGA and total weight loss of PANI, FA and PANI-FA composites having FA composition of 0.02%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% were found to be 82%, 39.%, 67% 65%, 62% and 61%, respectively. The UV-vis spectroscopy of the PANI-FA polymeric composite shows absorption maxima at 315 and 350 nm (due to π-π* transition of the benzenoid rings), and 578-712 nm (due to charge transfer excitations of the quinoid structure), which are characteristic of emeraldine base. FTIR spectra of the PANI-FA composite is similar to that of pure polyaniline (PANI) but with the bands for C=N, C=C and C-N shifted to lower wave numbers, i.e., 1585, 1494, 1327 and 1113 cm?1 due to strong interaction of Fe2O3 and PANI matrix. SEM shows the complexation of metal oxide with emaraldine base of PANI, significantly changing the aggregate state of polymeric molecular chain.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40571088)
文摘A number of ancient charred paddies with a 14C dating of about 5900 a BP were recovered in the sixth excavation at Chuodun Site and are assigned to the Majiabang culture(7-6 ka BP).To understand their formation mechanism,the ancient charred paddies were compared to modern paddies using FT-IR spectrum and thermaogravimetric analysis.At the same time,modern charred paddies were made in helium by the laboratory method,and the structural characteristics of them and the ancient ones were revealed using CP/MAS-13C-NMR.Our results show there are more aromatic moieties in ancient charred paddies compared to modern paddies.The aliphatic components of modern charred paddies decrease continuously,accompanied by the accumulation of aromatic components,when the duration and temperature of oxidation increase,and the structure buildings of modern charred paddies are more similar to ancient ones.Given the planting manner of paddies during Majiabang culture period,these ancient charred paddies might be a result of the original farming mode involving fire.
