Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) often show resistance to the effects of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β). This study focuses on molecular mechanisms of this resistance to explore ways to overcome...Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) often show resistance to the effects of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β). This study focuses on molecular mechanisms of this resistance to explore ways to overcome it. Methods: Transcription and protein expression of TGF-βtype I and type II receptors (TGF-βRI/RII) were analyzed in clinical HCCs and the human hepatoma cell lines HuH-7 and HepG2. HuH-7 cells were transiently and stably transfected with a constitutively active TGF-βRI mutant (CATGF-βRI). Resulting growth kinetics, integrin expression, invasiveness, TGF-β-mediated activation of human plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) promoter and Smad expression were determined. Results: In clinical HCCs, there was less TGF-βRII (6/10 cases) and more TGF-βRI (8/10 cases) protein expression detectable in tumor compared to adjacent liver tissue. In HuH-7 cells, TGF-βRII expression was likewise decreased. Cells transiently transfected with CA TGF-βRI exhibited strong TGF-β-related PAI-1 promoter activation. Stably transfected cells showed an attenuated response of the PAI-1 promoter, but increased Smad7 expression. Proliferation of stable clones was decreased. There was no change in integrin expression or invasiveness. Conclusions: Decreased TGF-βRII protein expression might cause TGF-βresistance in a subset of clinical HCCs. Stable transfection with CA TGF-βRI reverses this in HuH-7 cells without increasing invasiveness.展开更多
激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SIONFH)是由于糖皮质激素使用不当或过度而引起的髋关节疾病,发病机制尚未统一,临床疗效亦不佳。当前,没有效果明确的药物可以延缓疾病进程,而中医药治疗SIONFH在...激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SIONFH)是由于糖皮质激素使用不当或过度而引起的髋关节疾病,发病机制尚未统一,临床疗效亦不佳。当前,没有效果明确的药物可以延缓疾病进程,而中医药治疗SIONFH在临床上取得一定疗效。即便如此,仍未能完整的从分子生物及细胞生物学角度阐明中药治疗SIONFH的作用机制。转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Smad信号通路的转导是防治SIONFH的研究热点之一,故该文阐明了该信号通路的转导机制以及与SIONFH的联系,检索了基于该通路治疗SIONFH的全部中药及复方并阐述其影响机制。基于中医对SIONFH的认识,现临床上使用补肝肾强筋骨以及活血祛瘀通络类的方药治疗SIONFH,且具有良好的疗效。中药通过调控该通路,可刺激骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,降低破骨细胞含量,减少脂肪生成,改善微循环,抗氧化损伤,促进股骨头内血管新生,从而促进股骨头损伤的修复。现基于TGF-β/BMP/Smad信号通路对中医药治疗SIONFH的研究进展做一综述,期许为中医药治疗SIONFH提供理论依据及参考。展开更多
目的:研究祛瘀护膜法对反流性食管炎(RE)大鼠食管TGF-β/Smad通路及E-钙黏蛋白(E-Cadherin)表达的影响。方法:使用“4.2 mm幽门夹+2/3胃底结扎术”建立RE大鼠模型56只,造模成功后,随机分为西药组1、西药组2、治疗组、优化组、祛瘀护膜...目的:研究祛瘀护膜法对反流性食管炎(RE)大鼠食管TGF-β/Smad通路及E-钙黏蛋白(E-Cadherin)表达的影响。方法:使用“4.2 mm幽门夹+2/3胃底结扎术”建立RE大鼠模型56只,造模成功后,随机分为西药组1、西药组2、治疗组、优化组、祛瘀护膜剂组、加味祛瘀护膜剂组,每组8只,另设空白组8只。连续给药14 d,第15天采血后处死大鼠并取出食管组织。采用HE染色光镜下观察食管组织病理变化;透射电镜观察食管上皮细胞间隙;ELISA法检测转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;RT-PCR法检测Snail m RNA、Slug m RNA、Twist m RNA、E-Cadherin m RNA表达水平;Western blotting检测TGF-β1、Snail、Slug、Twist、NLRP3、Smad2/3、p-Smad2/3蛋白表达水平;免疫组织化学染色测定TGF-β1、E-Cadherin、NLRP3表达。结果:祛瘀护膜法治疗的RE大鼠一般情况好转,体质量增加;食管黏膜损伤改善;上皮细胞间隙呈缩小趋势;食管组织中TGF-β1、Snail、Slug、Twist、NLRP3蛋白表达及Smad2/3磷酸化占比低于模型组(P<0.05),E-Cadherin蛋白及E-Cadherin m RNA表达高于模型组(P<0.05);血清中TNF-α、TGF-β1低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论:祛瘀护膜法可能通过抑制TGF-β/Smad信号通路,干预该通路介导的E-cadherin表达,促进食管炎黏膜修复,拮抗RE大鼠食管黏膜炎症。展开更多
文摘Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) often show resistance to the effects of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β). This study focuses on molecular mechanisms of this resistance to explore ways to overcome it. Methods: Transcription and protein expression of TGF-βtype I and type II receptors (TGF-βRI/RII) were analyzed in clinical HCCs and the human hepatoma cell lines HuH-7 and HepG2. HuH-7 cells were transiently and stably transfected with a constitutively active TGF-βRI mutant (CATGF-βRI). Resulting growth kinetics, integrin expression, invasiveness, TGF-β-mediated activation of human plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) promoter and Smad expression were determined. Results: In clinical HCCs, there was less TGF-βRII (6/10 cases) and more TGF-βRI (8/10 cases) protein expression detectable in tumor compared to adjacent liver tissue. In HuH-7 cells, TGF-βRII expression was likewise decreased. Cells transiently transfected with CA TGF-βRI exhibited strong TGF-β-related PAI-1 promoter activation. Stably transfected cells showed an attenuated response of the PAI-1 promoter, but increased Smad7 expression. Proliferation of stable clones was decreased. There was no change in integrin expression or invasiveness. Conclusions: Decreased TGF-βRII protein expression might cause TGF-βresistance in a subset of clinical HCCs. Stable transfection with CA TGF-βRI reverses this in HuH-7 cells without increasing invasiveness.
文摘激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SIONFH)是由于糖皮质激素使用不当或过度而引起的髋关节疾病,发病机制尚未统一,临床疗效亦不佳。当前,没有效果明确的药物可以延缓疾病进程,而中医药治疗SIONFH在临床上取得一定疗效。即便如此,仍未能完整的从分子生物及细胞生物学角度阐明中药治疗SIONFH的作用机制。转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Smad信号通路的转导是防治SIONFH的研究热点之一,故该文阐明了该信号通路的转导机制以及与SIONFH的联系,检索了基于该通路治疗SIONFH的全部中药及复方并阐述其影响机制。基于中医对SIONFH的认识,现临床上使用补肝肾强筋骨以及活血祛瘀通络类的方药治疗SIONFH,且具有良好的疗效。中药通过调控该通路,可刺激骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,降低破骨细胞含量,减少脂肪生成,改善微循环,抗氧化损伤,促进股骨头内血管新生,从而促进股骨头损伤的修复。现基于TGF-β/BMP/Smad信号通路对中医药治疗SIONFH的研究进展做一综述,期许为中医药治疗SIONFH提供理论依据及参考。
文摘目的:研究祛瘀护膜法对反流性食管炎(RE)大鼠食管TGF-β/Smad通路及E-钙黏蛋白(E-Cadherin)表达的影响。方法:使用“4.2 mm幽门夹+2/3胃底结扎术”建立RE大鼠模型56只,造模成功后,随机分为西药组1、西药组2、治疗组、优化组、祛瘀护膜剂组、加味祛瘀护膜剂组,每组8只,另设空白组8只。连续给药14 d,第15天采血后处死大鼠并取出食管组织。采用HE染色光镜下观察食管组织病理变化;透射电镜观察食管上皮细胞间隙;ELISA法检测转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;RT-PCR法检测Snail m RNA、Slug m RNA、Twist m RNA、E-Cadherin m RNA表达水平;Western blotting检测TGF-β1、Snail、Slug、Twist、NLRP3、Smad2/3、p-Smad2/3蛋白表达水平;免疫组织化学染色测定TGF-β1、E-Cadherin、NLRP3表达。结果:祛瘀护膜法治疗的RE大鼠一般情况好转,体质量增加;食管黏膜损伤改善;上皮细胞间隙呈缩小趋势;食管组织中TGF-β1、Snail、Slug、Twist、NLRP3蛋白表达及Smad2/3磷酸化占比低于模型组(P<0.05),E-Cadherin蛋白及E-Cadherin m RNA表达高于模型组(P<0.05);血清中TNF-α、TGF-β1低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论:祛瘀护膜法可能通过抑制TGF-β/Smad信号通路,干预该通路介导的E-cadherin表达,促进食管炎黏膜修复,拮抗RE大鼠食管黏膜炎症。