Fault tolerant ability is an important aspect for overall evaluation of distributed system(DS). This paper discusses three measures for the evaluation: node/edge connectivity, number of spanning trees and synthetic co...Fault tolerant ability is an important aspect for overall evaluation of distributed system(DS). This paper discusses three measures for the evaluation: node/edge connectivity, number of spanning trees and synthetic connectivity. A numerical example for illustration and analysis is given, and the synthetic connectivity measure presented by this paper is proved to be rational and satisfactory.展开更多
Emission characteristics of top emitting organic light-emitting devices （TOLEDs） with Ag as reflective anode, Al/Ag as semitransparent cathode and 90 160 nm [N-（1-naphthyl）-N-phenyl-amino] biphenyl/tris-（8-hydrox...Emission characteristics of top emitting organic light-emitting devices （TOLEDs） with Ag as reflective anode, Al/Ag as semitransparent cathode and 90 160 nm [N-（1-naphthyl）-N-phenyl-amino] biphenyl/tris-（8-hydroxy quinoline） aluminum （NPB/Alq3） sandwiched in the electrodes are examined. The electroluminescence （EL） spectra of the TOLEDs are simulated based on the Fabry-Perot cavity theory. And the resonant modes in cavity structure of TOLEDs is discussed and clarified which can accurately describe the work principle of the devices. A fairly good match between calculated values and experimental data is achieved at different emission colors from bluish green to orange.展开更多
A novel intermediate connector(IC) was formed which was composed of aluminum(Al, 3 nm)/1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile(HAT-CN).The 3-nm-thick Al in the IC is certified to efficiently generate intrins...A novel intermediate connector(IC) was formed which was composed of aluminum(Al, 3 nm)/1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile(HAT-CN).The 3-nm-thick Al in the IC is certified to efficiently generate intrinsic charge carriers, and the HAT-CN is proved to work as the holes injection layer(HIL) for the corresponding electroluminescent(EL) unit simultaneously.This simply IC comprehensively takes advantage of the features of the HAT-CN so as to stack two single EL units without introducing extra material.In addition to a significant enhancement in luminance and current efficiency, a current efficiency(CE) of 10.2 cd/A and a luminance of 2 042 cd/m^2 under the current density 20 mA/cm^2 of this tandem organic light emitting device(TOLED) are yielded, which are notably almost the sum of that of the two single-unit devices.展开更多
In this paper, a significant enhancement in current efficiency of the green tandem organic light-emitting diodes(TOLEDs) is demonstrated, which is based on a buffer-modified charge generation layer(CGL) of fullerene c...In this paper, a significant enhancement in current efficiency of the green tandem organic light-emitting diodes(TOLEDs) is demonstrated, which is based on a buffer-modified charge generation layer(CGL) of fullerene carbon(C60)/zinc-phthalocyanine(ZnPc). Al and MoO3 were used as the buffer-modified layers on both sides of the bilayer C60/ZnPc, respectively. Experimental results show that the inserted Al and MoO3 layers can effectively increase the electron extraction of the CGL for obtaining the device performance enhancement. Compared with that of the green TOLEDs without buffer-modified layers in CGL(37.3 cd·A-1), the current efficiency of the green TOLEDs is increased to 54.1 cd·A-1. Further study results find that the performance can also be improved by optimizing the thickness of Al in the CGL. The maximum current efficiency and maximum luminance of the green TOLEDs achieve 63.5 cd·A-1 and 17 873 cd·m-2, respectively, when the multilayer structure of the CGL is Al(3 nm)/C60(5 nm)/ZnPc(5 nm)/MoO3(3 nm).展开更多
文摘Fault tolerant ability is an important aspect for overall evaluation of distributed system(DS). This paper discusses three measures for the evaluation: node/edge connectivity, number of spanning trees and synthetic connectivity. A numerical example for illustration and analysis is given, and the synthetic connectivity measure presented by this paper is proved to be rational and satisfactory.
基金Project supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.09ZR1411900)the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2010AA03A337)
文摘Emission characteristics of top emitting organic light-emitting devices （TOLEDs） with Ag as reflective anode, Al/Ag as semitransparent cathode and 90 160 nm [N-（1-naphthyl）-N-phenyl-amino] biphenyl/tris-（8-hydroxy quinoline） aluminum （NPB/Alq3） sandwiched in the electrodes are examined. The electroluminescence （EL） spectra of the TOLEDs are simulated based on the Fabry-Perot cavity theory. And the resonant modes in cavity structure of TOLEDs is discussed and clarified which can accurately describe the work principle of the devices. A fairly good match between calculated values and experimental data is achieved at different emission colors from bluish green to orange.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20172159)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2017GY-105)
文摘A novel intermediate connector(IC) was formed which was composed of aluminum(Al, 3 nm)/1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile(HAT-CN).The 3-nm-thick Al in the IC is certified to efficiently generate intrinsic charge carriers, and the HAT-CN is proved to work as the holes injection layer(HIL) for the corresponding electroluminescent(EL) unit simultaneously.This simply IC comprehensively takes advantage of the features of the HAT-CN so as to stack two single EL units without introducing extra material.In addition to a significant enhancement in luminance and current efficiency, a current efficiency(CE) of 10.2 cd/A and a luminance of 2 042 cd/m^2 under the current density 20 mA/cm^2 of this tandem organic light emitting device(TOLED) are yielded, which are notably almost the sum of that of the two single-unit devices.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Foundation of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJ1600439)the Basic and Advanced Technology Research Project of Chongqing Municipality(No.cstc2018jcyjAX0462)the Scientific and Technological Research Foundation of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJ1500404)
文摘In this paper, a significant enhancement in current efficiency of the green tandem organic light-emitting diodes(TOLEDs) is demonstrated, which is based on a buffer-modified charge generation layer(CGL) of fullerene carbon(C60)/zinc-phthalocyanine(ZnPc). Al and MoO3 were used as the buffer-modified layers on both sides of the bilayer C60/ZnPc, respectively. Experimental results show that the inserted Al and MoO3 layers can effectively increase the electron extraction of the CGL for obtaining the device performance enhancement. Compared with that of the green TOLEDs without buffer-modified layers in CGL(37.3 cd·A-1), the current efficiency of the green TOLEDs is increased to 54.1 cd·A-1. Further study results find that the performance can also be improved by optimizing the thickness of Al in the CGL. The maximum current efficiency and maximum luminance of the green TOLEDs achieve 63.5 cd·A-1 and 17 873 cd·m-2, respectively, when the multilayer structure of the CGL is Al(3 nm)/C60(5 nm)/ZnPc(5 nm)/MoO3(3 nm).
