Effects of Tai Chi Chuan training on cellular immunity in post-surgical non-small cell lung cancer survivors:A randomized pilot trial

Background： Although emerging evidence points to benefits from Tai Chi Chuan （TCC） in improving immune system function, its effects on cellular immune responses remain under-studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of TCC training on cellular immunity in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Methods： A 2-group randomized trial design in which post-surgical, non-small cell lung cancer survivors were randomly assigned to a TCC training group （n = 16） or a control group （n = 16）. The participants in the TCC group completed a 16-week intervention. The main immune response outcome measures assayed included the ratio of T-helper cells/T-suppressor cells （CD4＋：CD8＋ ratio） and complement regulatory proteins status （CRPs; CD55 and CD59）. Using repeated measures ANOVA, the data were analyzed for the participants who completed the study （n = 27）. Results： At 16 weeks, the TCC participants showed a significantly lower increment in the expression of CD55 （p 〈 0.05） as compared to the control group. No significant between-group differences were found in the CD4＋：CD8＋ ratio or CD59 expression. There were also no significant correlations among the changes in CRPs or T lymphocyte subpopulations, either. Conclusion： A 16-week TCC intervention caused no alterations in CD4＋：CD8＋ ratio, but significantly attenuated CD55 expression among post- surgical non-small cell lung cancer survivors.

Comparing the rhythm and frequency of heart,breathing and knee movement in Tai Chi Chuan

Background:The basic exercise involved in TCC is a series of individual movements that are linked together in a continuous manner and that flow smoothly from one movement to another.Deep breathing and mental concentration are also required to achieve harmony

Gait, posture and transfer assessment among elderly practitioners and non-practitioners of Tai Chi Chuan

Falls may be devastating events among elderly people. Tai Chi Chuan is a type of moderate sports exercise that demonstrates improvements in balance, gait and posture. The aim here was to assess the influence of this method on the balance, gait and posture of healthy active elderly people. A controlled cross-sectional study was conducted on 76 volunteers, divided into two groups: 51 volunteers Tai Chi Chuan group mean age 76.8 years and 25 volunteers control group mean age 70.3 years. Both groups underwent the Modified Clinical Test on Sensory Interaction for Balance (mCTSIB), Walking Test (WT), Sit-to-Stand Transfer Test (SSTT) and Unipedal Assessment Test (UT), using the Neurocom Balance Master system. Result: In conditions Static balance tests: the mCTSIB-Tai-Chi Group had a lower sway velocity (°/s) on a firm surface with eyes open and medio-lateral direction, Foam Surface with eyes open medio-lateral and anteroposterior direction. Unilateral Stance Tai-Chi Group had a lower mean sway velocity (°/s) with open eyes (right and left), but with eyes closed. The Control Group showed a lower sway velocity. Under Dynamic Balance: Walk Across Test Tai-Chi Group presented a walking speed greater than the Control Group. In Sit to Stand Transfer Test, Tai-Chi Group showed a better index rising to lift up and lower oscillation in the final standing position. Conclusion: The Tai Chi Group was shown to be a protection factor for preserving and maintaining the static and dynamic positions of posture and gait.

CiteSpace-Based Metrical and Visualization Analysis of Tai Chi Chuan Analgesia

Objective:The objective of the study was to explore the research status and hot topics that are most studied about in Tai Chi Chuan(TCC)analgesia through a metrical and visualization analysis of the literature and provide some references for the experimental research on the analgesic effect of TCC and its clinical applications.Methods:The literature on TCC analgesia was collected from the Web of Science database,and the metrical and visualization analysis was performed using the Cite Space.5.6.R4 software in terms of publication outputs,countries,institutions,keywords,highly cited articles,and highly cited journals.Results:The number of annual publications gradually increased over time.The five research groups presented stable cooperative relationships and more publications.The authors ranked as top 1 were from America rather than China,which has more publications.The most common keywords were Tai Chi,randomized controlled trial,older adults,exercise,pain,low back pain,quality of life,management,etc.The literature on knee osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia had the highest citation frequency.The journals with high citation frequency included Cochrane Database System Review,Pain,and Plos One.Conclusions:Increasing attention has been paid to TCC analgesia.Randomized controlled trials,older adults,low back pain,and quality of life were found to be most studied in this field.Investigating clinical efficacy and conducting meta-analyses could be a promising direction in the future.The international cooperation and literature quality of TCC analgesia should be further strengthened.

Investigating the circulatory-respiratory response of elderly people during Tai Chi Yuttari-exercise

The purpose of this study was to examine the circulatory-respiratory dynamics in elderly people during Tai Chi Yuttari-exercise. The subjects were females with an average age of 74 years who had been continuously practicing Tai Chi Yuttari-exercise for at least six months. The heart rate and blood pressure were measured before and after the subjects performed four different versions of Tai Chi Yuttari-exercise. The perceived exertion was evaluated using the Borg scale. The respiratory rate, oxygen uptake and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured using an expired gas analyzer. The results showed an increase in heart rate during exercise, but confirmed that the rise in HR was below the safety limit. The blood pressure tended to be low post-exercise. Regarding perceived exertion, the maximum heart-lungs Borg scale response was 9 (very light). A slight increase in the respiratory rate was observed while exercising, but no abnormal breathing patterns were observed. The average metabolic equivalents (METs) of the exercise ranged from 1.34 to 1.87, and the average RQ ranged from 0.82 to 0.90. The circulatory-respiratory dynamics observed in this study verified that elderly females with an average age of 70 years could safely perform the Tai Chi Yuttari-exercise. This study helped obtain basic data for expanding the indications for this exercise.

太极拳对慢性疲劳综合征患者镜像同伦功能连接的影响

目的 基于功能磁共振成像(fMRI)技术,对比太极拳训练前后患者大脑镜像同伦功能连接(VMHC)的变化,探讨太极拳治疗慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)的中枢效应机制。方法 招募CFS患者25例(试验组)及健康受试者27例(对照组),均接受1个月的太极拳训练,比较2组36项健康调查简表(SF-36)得分变化及VMHC改变。结果 训练前,试验组SF-36各项得分均显著低于对照组(P<0.001),双侧枕下回、中央旁小叶、舌回、岛叶、颞上回等脑区的VMHC减弱。训练后,试验组SF-36各项得分均显著升高(P<0.001),双侧枕下回、颞上回、楔前叶、中央旁小叶等脑区的VMHC显著增强且全脑VMHC差值与SF-36中精力得分差值呈正相关(r=0.456,P=0.025);对照组SF-36中部分得分显著升高(P<0.05),未见VMHC显著变化的脑区。结论 太极拳能够有效提升CFS患者的生活质量,这种改变可能与枕下回、颞上回、楔前叶、中央旁小叶等脑区的功能连接增强有关。

从运动生物力学角度探讨太极拳改善膝骨关节炎的作用机制

膝骨关节炎(KOA)是一种多发于60周岁以上老年人的慢性退行性骨关节疾病。以太极拳为主的运动疗法已被证实对KOA所致慢性疼痛具有良好疗效,长期坚持太极拳锻炼可有效改善KOA患者膝踝本体感觉,增强动态稳定性和降低跌倒风险。但其具体机制尚未形成统一共识。KOA患者具有明显的运动生物力学特征改变,运动生物力学指标的改变是KOA的始动因素和病理基础。本研究基于运动生物力学探讨太极拳对KOA患者膝关节的力学影响,分析太极拳改善KOA的潜在作用机制,以期为太极拳干预KOA提供依据。太极拳训练涉及的运动生物力学理论包括动力学部分、静力学部分和运动学部分等。从运动生物力学角度看,太极拳训练改善KOA的潜在作用机制包括改善平衡能力、提高稳定性(改善KOA患者股四头肌肌力、协调膝关节周围肌群和降低KOA患者膝关节内侧负荷)、均衡关节内应力(降低半月板及软骨的峰值应力、改善下肢肌力和下肢力线)和降低运动反作用力等4个方面。但太极拳训练仍存在一些不足之处,可能会影响其运动生物力学的分析,具体表现在以下4个方面:(1)太极拳初学者训练方式不恰当,可能会增加肌肉、韧带和关节损伤概率;(2)太极拳训练动作具有一定难度,受试者短时间内学习容易动作不规范,容易影响研究数据的准确性;(3)脱落率逐渐提高,不利于进行数据统计;(4)完整的太极拳训练耗时长、分析难度大,目前主要单独对特定动作进行分析,关于非代表性动作的研究偏少。

气滞血瘀体质女大学生参与24式太极拳锻炼效果的研究

目的:探讨16周24式太极拳锻炼对气滞血瘀体质女大学生身心健康的影响情况,为气滞血瘀体质者的主动健康锻炼提供实践经验和理论依据。方法:采用文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,对23名18~21岁的受试者参与16周24式太极拳锻炼后的心率、血压、肺活量、哈佛台阶指数、立定跳远及身心健康自我感觉症状进行分析。结果:受试者参与24式太极拳锻炼16周后,反映心血管机能的心率减缓且搏动有力(P<0.05)、哈佛台阶指数增大(P<0.01)、收缩压和舒张压稍增大,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);反映呼吸机能的肺活量增大(P<0.01);反映下肢爆发力的立定跳远成绩提升(P<0.01);身体疼痛、腹胀、乏力、心慌﹑胸闷﹑抑郁及焦虑等症状有明显好转。结论:受试者参与24式太极拳锻炼16周后能有效增强心肺功能、提高下肢力量,气滞血瘀体质得到良好改善。

太极拳运动康复数据采集及评估技术规范指引

诸多循证证据表明太极拳运动在老年及慢性病康复方面具有显著的效果。基于不同的运动模式,太极拳的各个招式拥有不同的综合能力需求,也可以满足不同康复群体的需要。但目前仍缺少高效的太极拳运动康复数据采集手段与准确的太极拳运动康复评估方法。建立太极拳运动康复数据采集及评估技术规范能够帮助太极拳运动康复数据的量化工作,统一的标准可以使太极拳运动数据能够更好地被整合和共享,有助于更准确地找到康复状况与太极拳动作数据之间的联系,使太极拳更好地运用到康复训练中。因此,本标准规范了太极拳数据采集的术语和定义、太极拳运动康复数据采集和评估技术、设施设备、人员要求、场地与环境标准以及评估注意事项。本标准适用于太极拳运动康复数据采集及太极拳运动康复能力评估,具有良好的可行性和安全性。

高校太极拳教学成效考核评价标准的逻辑反思与理念重塑

文章运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法并结合一线教学实践为研究提供方法与认识来源的支撑。研究认为将太极拳视为一项单纯的体育项目并且以体育考核理念及标准对太极拳的教学成效进行考核、同时凸显太极拳的内涵与特色是难以想象的。在肯定体育积极有益的基础上,为太极拳教学和考核评定创造更多的个体可为空间,在考核标准的制定方面更多利于突出太极拳的内涵与特色的弹性指标是太极拳内涵与特色在高校体育课程当中出现和出彩的有效措施。

Underlying Mechanisms of Tai-Chi-Chuan Training for Improving Balance Ability in the Elders

Objective： To compare balance ability between elderly individuals who practiced Tai-Chi-Chuan （TCC） for average 9.64 years and elderly individuals who did not practice TCC and its relationship with lower extremity muscle strength and ankle proprioception. Methods： Twenty-five elderly volunteers were divided into two groups according to their TCC practcing experience. Sixteen were TCC group and the other nine were control population. Subjects completed a static balance test and ankle proprioception test using a custom-designed evaluation system, and concentric and eccentric knee extensor and flexor muscle strength tests. Subjects stood on the plate form to measure the proprioception in functional standing position which was differed from the previous studies. Multiple linear regressions were also used to predict the important factor affecting balance. Results： TCC group performed better than the control group in balance, proprioception, and muscle strength of lower extremity. The proprioception was the most important factor related to balance ability and it can be accounted for explaining 44% of variance in medial-lateral sway direction, and 53% of variance in antero-posterior sway direction. The proprioception may be a more important factor which affecting the balance ability. Conclusion： TCC training is recommended to the elders; as it can improve balance ability through better proprioception.

太极拳对脑卒中姿势控制障碍影响的研究进展

姿势控制障碍是脑卒中后常见问题,严重影响患者日常生活并增加跌倒风险。本文总结归纳国内外相关研究,从改善肌力、步行、平衡以及感觉功能和认知功能这几个方面探讨太极拳对脑卒中后姿势控制障碍的影响,旨在进一步明确太极拳的治疗效果,为传统功法干预脑卒中后姿势控制研究提供参考。

太极拳运动对老年人骨骼肌全基因组表达的影响

目的:研究太极拳运动对骨骼肌全基因组表达的影响及太极拳促进健康的分子机制。方法:6名健康的老年人(65.5±8.9岁)参加了为期12周的太极拳训练。在训练前后分别对实验对象进行肌活验,提取总RNA,经处理后与Affymetrix U133A基因芯片进行杂交,分析数据。结果:太极拳运动使老年人骨骼肌全基因组表达发生明显改变,筛选出725条表达有差异的基因。本文对表达差异最显著的20条差异表达基因进行研究(3条基因表达上调,17条基因表达下调)。根据基因功能分类对比,差异表达基因分别归属8种细胞组分和生物过程,经KEGG搜索找到4条基因的代谢途径。结论:太极拳运动有助保持神经系统的灵敏性,提高反应能力,有助于抗衰老和减肥等,而不利于骨骼肌蛋白质的合成。

太极拳国内外研究进展

太极拳是一种强调运动者依靠体内外间协调平衡、松紧有持、阴阳同济的体育运动形式。太极拳在国内外广泛传播的同时,太极拳运动的研究也在蓬勃开展。文章从太极拳的生物学效应出发,从慢性阻塞性肺疾病、心血管疾病、Ⅱ型糖尿病、中风后遗症、骨关节炎等方向对太极拳的研究近况进行综述。

基于Kinect的原地太极拳辅助训练系统

为促进太极拳教学训练的科学化、规范化,提出并设计了基于Kinect运动捕捉技术和角度、速度特征提取的太极拳辅助训练系统,应用动态时间规划算法(DTW)采样对应帧,替代传统等间隔采样关键帧的方法。系统由学习模块、动作采集模块和动作评分模块组成。学习模块配有标准动作教学视频,能够满足学员学习要求;动作采集模块采用微软开发的Kinect设备,针对原地太极拳动作中人体骨架的20个关节的空间坐标进行数据采集,然后经过滤波降噪及遮挡点数据处理后进行骨架数据保存;评分模块以8个关键关节点的16个角度特征和20个关节点的瞬时速度特征为基础构建测试序列,通过与标准序列进行实时对比计算,根据预设的评分规则实现评分功能,并为学员提供直观可靠的训练建议,从而提高学员的学习效率。通过增加传感器数量,进一步设计和优化数据融合及滤波算法,配合微软推出的Kinect2.0版本,该系统也可推广应用于医疗康复训练、体育训练动作分析及评估、虚拟现实人机交互等多个领域。

太极拳运动对老年男性骨质疏松患者锻炼情绪及骨密度和生理指标的影响

目的探讨连续6个月太极拳运动干预对退休老年男性锻炼情绪、骨密度及部分生理指标的影响。方法通过亚洲骨质疏松自我筛查工具(OSTA)检出中高危人群,然后进行骨密度超声检查,根据检查结果选取骨质疏松老年男性受试者50例,结合受试者意愿,随机分成实验组和对照组,各25人。实验组连续进行6个月专业教练指导的太极拳运动干预。运动干预前后,分别测定两组受试者锻炼情绪量表评分、骨强度值、骨密度指数T值、血压和平衡能力。结果实验组与对照组相比,运动干预后,活力激发和身心平静两个条目评分显著增加(P<0.05),生理疲惫条目评分非常显著性增加(P<0.01),骨强度值、骨密度指数T值有显著性差异(P<0.05),收缩压出现显著降低(P<0.05),睁眼和闭眼单脚站立时间显著增加(P<0.05)。结论坚持长期太极拳运动可以显著提高受试者的锻炼积极性、产生良好的锻炼情绪、增加跟骨骨密度、降低血压、增强老年人的平衡能力,对预防老年跌倒性骨折,延缓骨质疏松进展有益。

太极拳运动对在职高血压患者情绪及心率变异性的影响

目的探讨太极拳运动对在职1级高血压患者情绪及心率变异性的影响。方法选择2014年6月~2017年5月在浙江医院初诊的在职高血压患者208例,随机分成研究组和对照组。对照组给予一般日常生活方式干预,研究组在一般日常生活方式干预基础上给予24式简化太极拳运动锻炼3个月,所有患者于研究结束后随访,研究前后分别检测患者的心率变异性(HRV)参数(SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD),并采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估患者研究前后的焦虑抑郁症状,观察2组治疗前后相关指标变化。结果 (1)运动后,研究组98例在职高血压患者中焦虑抑郁有36例,占37%;对照组100例在职高血压患者中焦虑抑郁有42例,占42%。(2)运动后,研究组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)均下降(P<0.05);研究组SAS、SDS量表评分较运动前均有降低(P<0.05);研究组与对照组比较,SAS、SDS量表评分较对照组低(P<0.05);研究组SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD较运动前升高(P<0.05);研究组SDANN较对照组高(P<0.05)。(3)在焦虑抑郁亚组中,运动后,研究组SBP、SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD、SAS、SDS等指标较运动前均有显著性差异(P<0.05);运动后,研究组SBP、DBP、SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD、SAS、SDS等指标较对照组均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论太极拳运动能够改善在职高血压患者的血压水平,改善焦虑抑郁情绪,改善心率变异性,是一项适合在职高血压患者康复的有氧运动。

太极拳练习对老年人身体机能影响的生物力学研究进展

国内外众多研究显示,长期的太极拳锻炼可以缓解因衰老导致的生理机能的老化,并且对于老年人的肌肉力量、本体感觉、平衡控制等功能的改善,均有一定的益处。建议将太极拳作为一种具有代表性的健身方式在老年人群中推广。

社区2型糖尿病患者不同有氧运动方式的干预效果评价

目的:观察糖尿病不同有氧运动方式的护理干预对社区2型糖尿病患者体重、血糖、血脂的影响。方法:将社区2型糖尿病患者54例随机分为两组:太极拳运动组28例,交谊舞运动组26例,社区护理干预6个月,观察两组患者血糖、血脂的变化。结果:两组的空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白水平自身前后对照均有明显下降(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白明显升高(P<0.05);组间比较交谊舞组的三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白明显下降(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:长期的太极拳和交谊舞运动均能有效降低社区2型糖尿病患者的血糖和血脂,交谊舞运动降低血脂的作用更为明显。

太极拳意、气、力修炼的生理机制与效应研究综论

运用文献资料、逻辑分析、专家访谈等方法,探讨了练习太极拳所强调的意、气、力与人体神经、呼吸和运动三大生理系统的对应关系及其修炼的生理机制.在综合分析国内外太极拳相关实验和研究文献的基础上,结合太极拳训练理论与实践,阐述了太极拳练习对人体三大系统的生理效应,指出相关研究的实验设计及实施过程中存在的一些问题,并给出相应的对策和建议.