Background: In Sudan, the common endocrine therapy tamoxifen is prescribed to HR-positive patients, which is associated with a variety of complications such as hot flashes, vaginal discharge, and vaginal dryness. Obje...Background: In Sudan, the common endocrine therapy tamoxifen is prescribed to HR-positive patients, which is associated with a variety of complications such as hot flashes, vaginal discharge, and vaginal dryness. Objective: This study aimed to determine the gynecological side effects of tamoxifen among Sudanese women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Alzara Hospital in Al Amal Toure Revere, Sudan. A convenience sample of individuals previously diagnosed with breast cancer attended refer clinic. From October 2020 to September 2021, all patients attending were checked for eligibility. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study;60% of patients reported increased vaginal secretions after taking the drug, 28% reported normal vaginal secretions with no change, and 11% reported decreased secretions after taking the medication, while 22% developed vaginal bleeding, and 22% of the ultrasound results revealed endometrial masses among the study patients. Also, 54 percent of female patients experienced hot flashes after taking the medication, and 12% of women missed some doses of treatment. Conclusion: Tamoxifen results in several gynecological side effects in women with breast cancer. A high percentage of women in the study developed hot flashes, vaginal bleeding, and discharge, in addition to having ultrasound results showing endometrial masses among them.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC) remains a public health problem. Tamoxifen(TAM) resistance has caused great difficulties for treatment of BC patients. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1(EIF4EBP...BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC) remains a public health problem. Tamoxifen(TAM) resistance has caused great difficulties for treatment of BC patients. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1(EIF4EBP1) plays critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of BC. However, the expression and mechanism of EIF4EBP1 in determining the efficacy of TAM therapy in BC patients are still unclear.AIM To investigate the expression and functions of EIF4EBP1 in determining the efficacy of TAM therapy in BC patients.METHODS High-throughput sequencing data of breast tumors were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential gene expression analysis identified EIF4EBP1 to be significantly upregulated in cancer tissues. Its prognostic value was analyzed. The biological function and related pathways of EIF4EBP1 was analyzed. Subsequently, the expression of EIF4EBP1 was determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, colony formation assay and wound healing assay were used to understand the phenotypes of function of EIF4EBP1.RESULTS EIF4EBP1 was upregulated in the TAM-resistant cells, and EIF4EBP1 was related to the prognosis of BC patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that EIF4EBP1 might be involved in Hedgehog signaling pathways. Decreasing the expression of EIF4EBP1 could reverse TAM resistance, whereas overexpression of EIF4EBP1 promoted TAM resistance.CONCLUSION This study indicated that EIF4EBP1 was overexpressed in the BC and TAM-resistant cell line, which increased cell proliferation, invasion, migration and TAM resistance in BC cells.展开更多
目的:探讨他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮对大鼠子宫肌瘤的影响及其作用机制。方法:选择SPF级成年雌性SD大鼠30只,采用苯甲酸雌二醇联合黄体酮腹腔注射建立子宫肌瘤模型。将大鼠随机分为对照组(正常大鼠2 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃)、模型组(子宫...目的:探讨他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮对大鼠子宫肌瘤的影响及其作用机制。方法:选择SPF级成年雌性SD大鼠30只,采用苯甲酸雌二醇联合黄体酮腹腔注射建立子宫肌瘤模型。将大鼠随机分为对照组(正常大鼠2 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃)、模型组(子宫肌瘤大鼠2 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃)、他莫昔芬组(子宫肌瘤大鼠1.70 mg/kg他莫昔芬灌胃)、左炔诺孕酮组(子宫肌瘤大鼠0.1 mg/kg左炔诺孕酮灌胃)和联合组(子宫肌瘤大鼠他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮灌胃),每组6只,连续灌胃30 d。ELISA检测大鼠血清雌二醇(E2)、孕激素、促卵泡激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)水平。测量子宫系数、左右宫颈角长度及宫角最大直径。HE染色观察子宫组织结构及内膜厚度。Western blot检测子宫组织Wnt5b、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,模型组血清E2、孕激素、FSH、LH水平升高(均P<0.05)。联合组血清E2、孕激素、FSH、LH水平低于他莫昔芬组和左炔诺孕酮组(均P<0.05)。模型组子宫系数、左右宫颈角长度、宫角最大直径及子宫内膜厚度较对照组增加(均P<0.05)。联合组子宫系数、左右宫颈角长度、宫角最大直径及子宫内膜厚度低于他莫昔芬组和左炔诺孕酮组(均P<0.05)。联合组子宫损伤程度较模型组减轻。模型组子宫组织Wnt5b、β-catenin蛋白表达高于对照组(均P<0.05)。联合组Wnt5b、β-catenin蛋白表达低于他莫昔芬组和左炔诺孕酮组(均P<0.05)。结论:他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮能够缩小大鼠子宫肌瘤,改善子宫形态,抑制子宫平滑肌细胞增大,其机制可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin通路有关。展开更多
文摘Background: In Sudan, the common endocrine therapy tamoxifen is prescribed to HR-positive patients, which is associated with a variety of complications such as hot flashes, vaginal discharge, and vaginal dryness. Objective: This study aimed to determine the gynecological side effects of tamoxifen among Sudanese women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Alzara Hospital in Al Amal Toure Revere, Sudan. A convenience sample of individuals previously diagnosed with breast cancer attended refer clinic. From October 2020 to September 2021, all patients attending were checked for eligibility. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study;60% of patients reported increased vaginal secretions after taking the drug, 28% reported normal vaginal secretions with no change, and 11% reported decreased secretions after taking the medication, while 22% developed vaginal bleeding, and 22% of the ultrasound results revealed endometrial masses among the study patients. Also, 54 percent of female patients experienced hot flashes after taking the medication, and 12% of women missed some doses of treatment. Conclusion: Tamoxifen results in several gynecological side effects in women with breast cancer. A high percentage of women in the study developed hot flashes, vaginal bleeding, and discharge, in addition to having ultrasound results showing endometrial masses among them.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC) remains a public health problem. Tamoxifen(TAM) resistance has caused great difficulties for treatment of BC patients. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1(EIF4EBP1) plays critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of BC. However, the expression and mechanism of EIF4EBP1 in determining the efficacy of TAM therapy in BC patients are still unclear.AIM To investigate the expression and functions of EIF4EBP1 in determining the efficacy of TAM therapy in BC patients.METHODS High-throughput sequencing data of breast tumors were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential gene expression analysis identified EIF4EBP1 to be significantly upregulated in cancer tissues. Its prognostic value was analyzed. The biological function and related pathways of EIF4EBP1 was analyzed. Subsequently, the expression of EIF4EBP1 was determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, colony formation assay and wound healing assay were used to understand the phenotypes of function of EIF4EBP1.RESULTS EIF4EBP1 was upregulated in the TAM-resistant cells, and EIF4EBP1 was related to the prognosis of BC patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that EIF4EBP1 might be involved in Hedgehog signaling pathways. Decreasing the expression of EIF4EBP1 could reverse TAM resistance, whereas overexpression of EIF4EBP1 promoted TAM resistance.CONCLUSION This study indicated that EIF4EBP1 was overexpressed in the BC and TAM-resistant cell line, which increased cell proliferation, invasion, migration and TAM resistance in BC cells.
文摘目的:探讨他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮对大鼠子宫肌瘤的影响及其作用机制。方法:选择SPF级成年雌性SD大鼠30只,采用苯甲酸雌二醇联合黄体酮腹腔注射建立子宫肌瘤模型。将大鼠随机分为对照组(正常大鼠2 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃)、模型组(子宫肌瘤大鼠2 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃)、他莫昔芬组(子宫肌瘤大鼠1.70 mg/kg他莫昔芬灌胃)、左炔诺孕酮组(子宫肌瘤大鼠0.1 mg/kg左炔诺孕酮灌胃)和联合组(子宫肌瘤大鼠他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮灌胃),每组6只,连续灌胃30 d。ELISA检测大鼠血清雌二醇(E2)、孕激素、促卵泡激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)水平。测量子宫系数、左右宫颈角长度及宫角最大直径。HE染色观察子宫组织结构及内膜厚度。Western blot检测子宫组织Wnt5b、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,模型组血清E2、孕激素、FSH、LH水平升高(均P<0.05)。联合组血清E2、孕激素、FSH、LH水平低于他莫昔芬组和左炔诺孕酮组(均P<0.05)。模型组子宫系数、左右宫颈角长度、宫角最大直径及子宫内膜厚度较对照组增加(均P<0.05)。联合组子宫系数、左右宫颈角长度、宫角最大直径及子宫内膜厚度低于他莫昔芬组和左炔诺孕酮组(均P<0.05)。联合组子宫损伤程度较模型组减轻。模型组子宫组织Wnt5b、β-catenin蛋白表达高于对照组(均P<0.05)。联合组Wnt5b、β-catenin蛋白表达低于他莫昔芬组和左炔诺孕酮组(均P<0.05)。结论:他莫昔芬联合左炔诺孕酮能够缩小大鼠子宫肌瘤,改善子宫形态,抑制子宫平滑肌细胞增大,其机制可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin通路有关。
