Reconstruction of Postinfarcted Cardiac Functions Through Injection of Tanshinone ⅡA@Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Microspheres Encapsulated in a Thermoreversible Hydrogel

Myocardial damage resulting from acute myocardial infarction often leads to progressive heart failure and sudden death,highlighting the urgent clinical need for effective therapies.Recently,tanshinoneⅡA has been identified as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction.However,efficient delivery remains a major issue that limits clinical translation.To address this problem,an injectable thermosensitive poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)gel(PLGA-PEG-PLGA)system encapsulating tanshinoneⅡA-loaded reactive oxygen species-sensitive microspheres(Gel-MS/tanshinoneⅡA)has been designed and synthesized in this study.The thermosensitive hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties after reaching body temperature.Microspheres initially immobilized by the gel exhibit excellent reactive oxygen species-triggered release properties in a high-reactive oxygen species environment after myocardial infarction onset.As a result,encapsulated tanshinoneⅡA is effectively released into the infarcted myocardium,where it exerts local anti-pyroptotic and anti-inflammatory effects.Importantly,the combined advantages of this technique contribute to the mitigation of left ventricular remodeling and the restoration of cardiac function following tanshinoneⅡA.Therefore,this novel,precision-guided intra-tissue therapeutic system allows for customized local release of tanshinoneⅡA,presenting a promising alternative treatment strategy aimed at inducing beneficial ventricular remodeling in the post-infarct heart.

Tanshinone ⅡA improves Alzheimer’s disease via RNA nuclearenriched abundant transcript 1/microRNA-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis

BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.Tanshinone ⅡA(Tan-ⅡA),a bioactive compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza plants,has shown potential neuroprotective effects;however,the mechanisms underlying such a function remain unclear.AIM To investigate potential Tan-ⅡA neuroprotective effects in AD and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms.METHODS Hematoxylin and eosin staining was utilized to analyze structural brain tissue morphology.To assess changes in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation,we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting.Additionally,the effect of Tan-ⅡA on AD cell models was evaluated in vitro using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Genetic changes related to the long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1)/microRNA(miRNA,miR)-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis were assessed through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS In vivo,Tan-ⅡA treatment improved neuronal morphology and attenuated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain tissue of AD mice.In vitro experiments showed that Tan-ⅡA dose-dependently ameliorated the amyloid-beta 1-42-induced reduction of neural stem cell viability,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and neuroinflammation.In this process,the lncRNA NEAT1-a potential therapeutic target-is highly expressed in AD mice and downregulated via Tan-ⅡA treatment.Mechanistically,NEAT1 promotes the transcription and translation of Rab22a via miR-291a-3p,which activates nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling,leading to activation of the pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein and inhibition of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 protein,which exacerbates AD.Tan-ⅡA intervention effectively blocked this process by inhibiting the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a axis and NF-κB signaling.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Tan-ⅡA exerts neuroprotective effects in AD by modulating the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a/NF-κB signaling pathway,serving as a foundation for the development of innovative approaches for AD therapy.

Changes of c-fos and c-jun mRNA Expression in Angiotensin Ⅱ-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Effects of Sodium Tanshinone ⅡA Sulfonate

The changes of proto-oncogene c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in angiotensin Ⅱ （AngⅡ）-induced hypertrophy and effects of sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate （STS） in the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were investigated. Twelve neonatal clean grade Wistar rats were selected. The cardiomyocytes were isolated, cultured and divided according to different treatments in the medium. The cardiomyocyte size was determined by phase contrast microscope, and the rate of protein synthesis was measured by [3H]-Leucine incorporation. The c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. It was found after cardiomyocytes were treated with AngⅡ for 30 min, the c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes was increased significantly （P〈0.01）. After treatment with AngⅡ for 24 h, the rate of protein synthesis in AngⅡ group was significantly increased as compared with control group （P〈0.01）. After treatment with AngⅡ for 7 days, the size of cardiomyocytes in AngⅡ group was increased obviously as compared with control group （P〈0.05）. After pretreatment with STS or Valsartan before AngⅡ treatment, both of them could inhibit the above effects of AngⅡ （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. It was suggested that STS could ameliorate AngⅡ-induced cardiomyocyte hy- pertrophy by inhibiting c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression and reducing protein synthesis rate of cardiomyocytes.

Growth-inhibiting and Apoptosis-inducing Effects of Tanshinone ⅡA on Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells

To explore the effects of Tanshinone Ⅱ A on the proliferation, apoptosis and gene expression of p53 and bcl-2 in human gastric carcinoma MKN-45 cells. Cell count and MTT assay were used to study the proliferation-inhibiting effect of Tanshinone Ⅱ A on MKN-45 cells. The effect of Tanshinone Ⅱ A on the cell cycle and apoptosis of MKN-45 cells were examined by propidium iodide （PI） staining and flow cytometry. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to further verify the ex- pression of p53 and bcl-2 gene after exposure to Tanshinone Ⅱ A in MKN-45 cells. The results showed that Tanshinone Ⅱ A significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of MKN-45 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner （P〈0.05）. Tanshinone Ⅱ A arrested MKN-45 cells in G2/M phase which led to an obvious accumulation of G2/M phase cells while decreased number of Go/G1 phase cells. This resulted in apoptosis of MKN-45 cells and the apoptosis rate was as high as 43.91% after treatment with 2.0 lag/mL Tanshinone Ⅱ A for 96 h. It was also found that Tanshinone Ⅱ A up-regulated expression of p53 gene and down-regulated expression of bcl-2 gene. The cytostatic and antiproliferative effect of Tanshinone Ⅱ A makes it a promising anticancer agent for the treatment of gastric carcinoma.

The Effect of TanshinoneⅡ A upon the TGF-beta1/Smads Signaling Pathway in Hypertrophic Myocardium of Hypertensive Rats

To investigate the molecular mechanism by which Tanshinone Ⅱ A （TSN Ⅱ A） prevents left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH）, we examined the expression of AT1R, TGF-β1 and Smads gene in the hypertrophic myocardium of hypertensive rats with abdominal aorta constriction. LVH model was established by creating abdominal aorta constriction. Four weeks later, animals were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 animals in each. One group was used as model control, the other three groups were treated with TSN ⅡA （20 mg/kg）, TSN ⅡA （10 mg/kg） and valsartan （10 mg/kg）, respectively. Another 8 SD rats were subjected to sham surgery and served as blank control. After 8- week treatment, the caudal artery pressure of the animals was measured. The tissues of left ventricle were taken for the measurement of the left ventricular mass index （LVMI） and pathological sectioning and HE-staining were used for determining the myocardial fiber dimension （MFD）. The mRNA expression of AT1R, protein expression of TGF-betal and activity of Smad-2, 4, 7 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Our results showed that （1） the blood pressure of rats treated with TSN Ⅱ A, either at high or low dose, was significantly higher than those in the control and valsartan-treated group （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）; （2） LVMI and MFD in TSN Ⅱ A and valsartan-treated rats were higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05） but significantly lower than those in the model control （P〈0.01）; （3） the high doses of TSN Ⅱ A and valsartan significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of AT 1R and protein expression of TGF-beta l and Smad-3 in the hypertrophic myocardium （P〈0.01）, and TGF-betal in valsartan-treated animals was more significantly lower than that in rats treated with TSN Ⅱ A; （4） the two doses of TSN Ⅱ A and valsartan significantly up-regulated the protein expression of Smad-7 in the hypertrophic myocardium （P〈0.01）, and Smad-7 in the animals treated with high-dose TSN Ⅱ A was significantly higher than that in rats treated with valsartan. It is concluded that inhibition of myocardial hypertrophy induced by TSN ⅡA independent of blood pressure. The underlying mechanism might be the down-regulated expression of AT1R mRNA and Smad-3, increased production of Smad-7, and blocking effect of TSN Ⅱ A on TGF betal/Smads signal pathway in local myocardium.

Effects of Tanshinone ⅡA on Transforming Growth Factor β1-Smads Signal Pathway in Renal Interstitial Fibroblasts of Rats

The effects of tanshinone ⅡA （TSN） on transforming growth factor β1 （TGFβ1） signal transduction in renal interstitial fibroblasts of rats were studied in order to investigate its mechanism in prevention of renal interstitial fibrosis. Rat renal fibroblasts of the line NRK/49F were cultured in vitro, stimulated with 5 ng/mL TGFβ1 and pretreated with 10-6, 10-5, 10-4 mol/L TSN respectively. The mRNA levels of fibronectin （FN） were examined by RT-PCR. The protein expression of FN and Smads was detected by Western blot. TGFβ1 induced the expression of FN mRNA and Smads in a time-dependent manner in a certain range. Compared with pre-stimulation, the FN mRNA and protein levels were increased by 1.1 times and 1.5 times respectively （P〈0.01, P〈0.01）, and the protein expression of phosphorylated Smad2/3 （p-Smad2/3） increased by 7 times at the end of TGFβ1 stimulation （P〈0.01）. TSN pretreatment may down-regulate the FN and p-Smad2/3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. 10-6 mol/L TSN pretreatment had no effect on the FN and p-Smad2/3 expression （both P〉0.05）. After pretreatment with 10-5 and 10-4 mol/L TSN, the FN mRNA levels were decreased by 28.1% and 43.8% respectively （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）, the FN protein levels were decreased by 40% and 44% respectively （P〈0.05, P〈0.05）, and the p-Smad2/3 protein expression were decreased by 40% and 65% respectively （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The inhibitory effect of TSN on renal interstitial fibrosis may be related to its blocking effect on TGFβ1-Smads signal pathway in renal intersti- tial fibroblasts.

Inhibitory Effect of TanshinoneⅡA on TGF-β1-induced Cardiac Fibrosis

This study examined the effect of tanshinoneⅡA (TSNⅡA) on the cardiac fibrosis induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and the possible mechanisms. Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from cardiac tissues of neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by the trypsin digestion and differential adhesion method. The cells were treated with 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 alone or pretreated with TSNⅡA at different concentrations (10–5 mol/L, 10–4 mol/L). Immunocytochemistry was used for cell identification, RT-PCR for detection of the mRNA expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and collagen type Ⅰ (COLⅠ), Western blotting for detection of the protein expression of Smad7 and Smad3, and immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining for detection of the protein expression of phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3), CTGF and COLⅠ. The results showed that TGF-β1 induced the expression of CTGF, COLⅠ, p-Smad3 and Smad7 in a time-dependent manner. The mRNA expression of CTGF and COLⅠ was significantly increased 24 h after TGF-β1 stimulation (P<0.01 for all). The protein expression of p-Smad3 and Smad7 reached a peak 1 h after TGF-β1 stimulation, much higher than the baseline level (P<0.01 for all). Pretreatment with high concentration of TSNⅡA resulted in a decrease in the expression of p-Smad3, CTGF and COLⅠ (P<0.01). The protein expression of Smad7 was substantially upregulated after pretreatment with two concentrations of TSNⅡA as compared with that at 2h post TGF-β1 stimulation (P<0.05 for low concentration of TSNⅡA; P<0.01 for high concentration of TSNⅡA). It was concluded that TSNⅡA may exert an inhibitory effect on cardiac fibrosis by upregulating the expression of Smad7, suppressing the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 and partially blocking the TGF-β1-Smads signaling pathway.

Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction in Human Hepatoma Cells by Tanshinone Ⅱ_A

In order to .study the effect of tanshinone ⅡA on growth and apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 in vitro, the human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 was treated with tanshinone ⅡA at various concentrations for 72 h. Growth suppression was evaluated by MTT assay; apoptosis-relat-ed alterations in morphology and biochemistry were ascertained under cytochemical staining (Hoechst 33258), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. Apoptotic rate was quantified by flow cytometry (FCM). The results showed that Tanshinone ⅡA could inhibit the growth of hepatoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 value being 6. 28μg/ml. After treatment with 1-10μg/ml tanshinone ⅡA for 72 h, BEL-7402 cells apoptosis with nuclear chro-matin condensation and fragmentation as well as cell shrinkage and the formation of apoptotic bodies were observed. DNA ladder could be demonstrated on DNA electrophoresis. FCM analysis showed hypodiploid peaks on histogram, and the apoptotic rates at μg/ml concentration for 12 h> 24 h, 36 h, 48 h and 72 h were (2. 32±0. 16)%, (3. 01±0. 35) %, (3. 87±0. 43)%, (6. 73±0. 58)% and (20. 85 ± 1. 74) % respectively, which were all significantly higher than those in the control group (1. 07±0. 13) %. It is concluded that Tanshinone ⅡA could induce human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 apoptosis, which may be related to the mechanism of growth inhibition.

Altered Erythrocyte Membrane Calcium Binding in Hypertensive Rats and the Effects of Sodium Tanshinone Ⅱ-A Sulphonate on It

The calcium binding of erythrocyte membrane was determined in spontaneous hypertensiverats (SHR)and renovascular hypertensive rats (RVHR two-kidney, one-clip model) and the effect ofsodium tanshinone Ⅱ-A sulfonate(DS-201)on the calcium binding in SHRs was investigated. Ourresults show that the basal calcium binding was reduced in SHRs (P<0.01 vs WKY),while the maximalcalcium binding was not,but both typies calcium bindings had no significant change in RVHRs.Sodiumtanshinone Ⅱ-A sulfonate (125μ mol/L)have no effect on the calcium binding of ecythrocyte membraneof SHR in vitro.These data further support the hypothesis that there is a cell membrane abnormalitypresent in SHRs which may possibly serve as a marker genetics of in hypertension.

股骨近端防旋髓内钉-Ⅱ治疗31-A3型股骨转子间骨折扩髓与否的有限元分析

背景:针对股骨转子间骨折是否需要扩髓的问题尚有争议,一些人认为不扩髓缩短手术时间、减少出血、降低高龄患者术中风险,但此举是否会降低髓内钉支撑效果,尚无依据。另一些人认为扩髓可选择直径更粗的髓内钉,获得更好的力学支撑,但基础研究显示此方法存在脂肪栓塞、破坏骨质(尤其高龄骨质疏松患者)等风险。目的:通过有限元分析股骨近端防旋髓内钉-Ⅱ治疗31-A3型股骨转子间骨折时扩髓与不扩髓的力学分布特点。方法:纳入一名健康志愿者,CT扫描其股骨获取DICOM格式文件,顺序导入Mimics、Geomagic Wrap、SolidWorks、Hypermesh、Ansys软件处理文件,得到A3.1型、A3.2型及A3.3型股骨转子间骨折模型,分别与9,11 mm直径、170 mm长度的股骨近端防旋髓内钉-Ⅱ进行装配,赋予材料属性,设定各接触面相互作用关系及定义载荷及边界条件,之后进行求解。观察不同模型中股骨应力分布、内固定应力分布、股骨位移及内固定位移情况。结果与结论:①各型骨折采用扩髓髓内钉固定时股骨应力均小于非扩髓髓内钉固定,A3.3型骨折股骨最大应力值大于A3.1型和A3.2型;②各型骨折采用扩髓髓内钉固定时内固定应力均大于非扩髓髓内钉固定,A3.3型骨折内固定最大应力值大于A3.1型;③扩髓与非扩髓对股骨及内固定位移影响较小,应力影响较大;④提示采用扩髓髓内钉固定可使股骨应力减小,内固定整体承担应力增大,远端锁钉承担应力减小;与非扩髓髓内钉固定相比,采用扩髓髓内钉固定可能会提供更好的治疗效果。

Amplatzer动脉导管封堵器-Ⅱ治疗伴发主动脉窦脱垂室间隔缺损患儿效果分析

目的探讨Amplatzer动脉导管封堵器(ADO)-Ⅱ治疗伴发主动脉窦脱垂室间隔缺损(VSD)患儿的效果。方法回顾性收集2018年1月至2022年9月于湖南省儿童医院住院治疗的94例伴发主动脉窦脱垂VSD患儿临床资料。其中男60例,女34例,年龄为(4.7±3.1)岁;主动脉窦轻中度脱垂83例,VSD为(4.12±0.97)mm,重度脱垂11例,VSD为(4.95±0.51)mm;VSD类型为膜周部54例,嵴内以上40例。分析VSD大小、主动脉窦脱垂程度与ADO-Ⅱ选择的关系,以及术后中期主动脉瓣反流、残余漏变化,明确ADO-Ⅱ对此类患儿的适用性。结果术后中期最终存留主动脉瓣轻度反流6例,多发于使用4-4 mm、5-4 mm型ADO-Ⅱ封堵器;残余漏10例,主要发生于使用5-4 mm、6-4 mm型封堵器。结论ADO-Ⅱ封堵器在置入形态良好状况下,适用于VSD<6 mm伴主动脉窦脱垂患儿。术后有一定的残余漏和主动脉脉瓣反流发生,但能满足介入治疗要求。

丹参酮ⅡA通过调控p38MAPK/NF-κB信号通路减轻糖尿病雄性大鼠生殖损伤实验研究

目的:探讨丹参酮ⅡA(TanⅡA)对糖尿病雄性大鼠生殖损伤的影响及其机制。方法:随机选取43只雄性SD大鼠中的35只通过高糖高脂喂养联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素构建糖尿病动物模型,并分为模型组、TanⅡA(6 mg/kg)组、SB203580[p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)抑制剂,2 mg/kg]组和TanⅡA+SB203580(6 mg/kg+2 mg/kg)组,每组8只;剩余8只设为正常组。给药治疗4周后,检测空腹血糖(FBG)水平。ELISA法检测血清睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)含量。检测精子质量(浓度、存活率和活力),测量睾丸重量并计算睾丸指数。HE染色法观察睾丸组织病理学改变。检测睾丸组织总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力和丙二醛(MDA)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-8含量。Western blot法检测睾丸组织p38MAPK、p-p38MAPK、核因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、p-NF-κB p65、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)表达。结果:与模型组比较,TanⅡA组、SB203580组和TanⅡA+SB203580组FBG水平比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);T、LH、FSH含量和精子浓度、存活率及活力升高(均P<0.05);睾丸重量和睾丸指数升高(均P<0.05);睾丸组织病理学改变明显改善;T-SOD、CAT活力升高且MDA、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8含量降低(均P<0.05);HMGB1水平和p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65比值降低(均P<0.05)。TanⅡA+SB203580组以上指标优于TanⅡA组和SB203580组(均P<0.05)。结论:TanⅡA可能通过抑制p38MAPK/NF-κB信号通路,降低氧化应激水平和炎症反应,从而减轻糖尿病雄性大鼠生殖损伤。

RP-HPLC法同时测定丹参中丹参酮Ⅱ_A和隐丹参酮的含量

目的 研究丹参药材中新的质控指标。方法 采用细胞膜色谱法对丹参中的有效成分进行筛选 ,在此基础上建立 RP-HPLC法同时测定丹参中丹参酮 A和隐丹参酮含量的方法。色谱条件为 L ichrosorb C1 8色谱柱 ,流动相为甲醇 -水 (75∶ 2 5 ) ;2 70 nm下检测 ;流速 1.0 m L/min,室温。药材用甲醇超声处理 ,过滤后直接进样分析。结果丹参酮 A和隐丹参酮的回收率分别为 10 1.74%和 99.2 8% ,RSD分别为 3 .68%和 1.78%。重现性的 RSD分别为 1.88%和 1.3 5 %。所收集的 12份丹参药材中丹参酮 A含量为 0 .60 7%～ 0 .14 8% ,隐丹参酮为 0 .0 73 %～0 .0 2 1%。结论 该方法快速、简便、准确 ,当丹参用于治疗心血管疾病时 ,可以同时将丹参酮

AngⅡ诱导的心肌肥大中c-fos,c-jun mRNA表达变化及丹参酮Ⅱ_A的影响

目的:在原代培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞上,探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)诱导的心肌细胞c-fos,c-junmRNA表达变化及丹参酮ⅡA的影响。方法:取12只1 d龄新生Wistar乳鼠,进行心肌细胞培养,分为正常对照组,AngⅡ(10-6mol.L-1)组,AngⅡ(10-6mol.L-1)+丹参酮ⅡA(10-8g.L-1)组,AngⅡ(10-6mol.L-1)+缬沙坦(10-6mol.L-1)组,丹参酮ⅡA(10-8g.L-1)组,缬沙坦(10-6mol.L-1)组。相差显微镜测量心肌细胞大小,[3H]-亮氨酸掺入法测定心肌细胞蛋白质合成速率;RT-PCR检测心肌细胞c-fos,c-jun mRNA的表达。结果:在培养液中加入AngⅡ作用30 min后,心肌细胞c-fos,c-jun mRNA的表达显著增强(P<0.01);AngⅡ作用24 h后,AngⅡ组心肌细胞蛋白质合成速率较对照组明显增加(P<0.01);AngⅡ持续作用7 d后,AngⅡ组心肌细胞直径较对照组显著增大(P<0.05)。采用丹参酮ⅡA或缬沙坦干预,二者可抑制AngⅡ诱导的c-fos,c-jun mRNA的表达增强(P<0.01)、心肌细胞蛋白质合成速率的增加(P<0.01)及心肌细胞直径增大(P<0.05)。结论:丹参酮ⅡA可通过抑制AngⅡ诱导的心肌细胞c-fos,c-jun的表达增强,减轻心肌肥大。

脂氧素A4对Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞-间质转化的抑制作用及其机制

目的 探讨脂氧素A4(lipoxin A4, LXA4)对Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞(alveolar epithelial typeⅡcell, ATⅡ)间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT)的影响及可能机制。方法 将A549细胞分为对照组、转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor, TGF-β1)组、空质粒+TGF-β1组、pcDNA3.1-Nrf2+TGF-β1组及LXA4+TGF-β1组。TGF-β1组以5 ng/mL TGF-β1干预A549细胞48 h;空质粒+TGF-β1组和pcDNA3.1-Nrf2+TGF-β1组A549细胞先分别转染空质粒或Nrf2过表达质粒,再以5 ng/mL TGF-β1干预48 h;LXA4+TGF-β1组A549细胞先用100 nmol/L LXA4预处理6 h再给予5 ng/mL TGF-β1干预48 h。光镜观察细胞形态变化,免疫印迹及免疫荧光法检测上皮标志物E钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、间质标志物α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA)表达;免疫印迹法检测核因子红细胞2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2)蛋白水平。结果 与对照组相比,TGF-β1组光镜下可见部分A549细胞形态从鹅卵石状变成细长不规则状,呈间质性改变,E-cadherin表达减少(P<0.05)、α-SMA表达增多(P<0.01),Nrf2蛋白水平下调(P<0.05)。与TGF-β1组相比,pcDNA3.1-Nrf2+TGF-β1组A549细胞E-cadherin表达增多(P<0.05)、α-SMA表达减少(P<0.01);LXA4+TGF-β1组A549细胞E-cadherin上调、α-SMA下调以及Nrf2蛋白水平增多(P<0.05)。结论 LXA4可抑制A549细胞发生EMT,其机制与上调Nrf2表达相关。

丹参酮Ⅱ_A对脑缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠神经细胞凋亡及Caspase-3蛋白表达的影响

目的:研究丹参酮ⅡA(TanⅡA)对缺血-再灌注(I/R)大鼠神经元的保护作用及其机制。方法:线栓法建立局灶性大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)再灌注模型,选取造模成功动物64只SD雄性大鼠随机分为8组,分别为正常对照组、假手术组、I/R模型24 h与72 h组、I/R+4 mg/kg TanⅡA治疗24 h与72 h组、I/R+8 mg/kg TanⅡA治疗24 h与72 h组,TanⅡA治疗后观察各组脑组织病理学变化,免疫组化法检测脑组织Caspase-3蛋白的表达水平及TUNEL法检测脑组织凋亡细胞的数量。结果:(1)8 mg/mL TanⅡA治疗可改善I/R模型大鼠脑组织形态病理变化,减少神经细胞凋亡和坏死;(2)TanⅡA治疗组Caspase-3阳性细胞数均有下调,其中以I/R 72 h+8 mg/mL TanⅡA组最为显著(P<0.05);(3)TanⅡA8 mg/mL治疗组可见凋亡细胞减少(P<0.05)。结论:TanⅡA可显著减轻I/R大鼠的脑组织损伤,减少Caspase-3蛋白的表达及减少细胞凋亡,进而延缓、减轻神经元在I/R损伤后的凋亡和坏死,TanⅡA对脑I/R损伤大鼠有明显的神经保护作用。

丹参酮Ⅱ_A对I/R大鼠脑组织NF-κB和IκB活性的影响

目的:观察TanⅡA干预缺血-再灌注(I/R)大鼠脑组织病理学特征的变化,以及NF-κB、ⅠκB的表达,研究TanⅡA对血管性痴呆的影响及其作用机理。方法:将80只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、假手术组、缺血-再灌注7d和15 d模型组及TanⅡA低、高剂量7 d和15 d组,每组10只。TanⅡA低剂量组(4 mg/kg)和高剂量组(8 mg/kg)分别于术后连续腹腔注射给药7 d和15 d,1次/d,假手术组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水腹腔注射。后用HE染色观察大脑组织的病理学变化,免疫组织化学染色法检测TanⅡA处理后各组NF-κB和IκB表达水平的改变。结果:TanⅡA组脑组织病变程度较MCAO模型组有不同程度减轻,其中以15 d高剂量组改变最为明显,免疫组化结果也显示模型组的NF-κB和IκB表达水平在显著高于TanⅡA组和正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论:TanⅡA能有效降低缺血-再灌大鼠模型脑组织NF-κB和IκB蛋白的表达水平,其机制可能是通过抑制NF-κB和IκB的活性和生成有效的降低大脑中炎性反应的发生,从而发挥保护大脑神经元,改善缺血-再灌脑组织损伤的作用。

丹参酮Ⅱ_A磺酸钠后处理联合控制性低中心静脉压对肝脏缺血-再灌注损伤的影响

目的探讨丹参酮Ⅱ_A磺酸钠后处理联合控制性低中心静脉压(low central venous pressure,LCVP)用于肝脏部分切除术中对肝脏缺血-再灌注(ischemia-reperfusion,IR)损伤的影响。方法选择择期行肝脏部分切除手术的患者80例,男46例,女34例,年龄30~65岁,BMI 20~26kg/m^2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。随机分为四组,每组20例。四组均采用静-吸复合全麻,D组采取丹参酮Ⅱ_A磺酸钠后处理;DL组采取丹参酮Ⅱ_A磺酸钠后处理联合控制性LCVP(CVP 1~5cm H_2O);L组采取控制性LCVP(CVP 1~5cm H_2O);C组为对照组,维持CVP在6~12cm H_2O。分别于肝门阻断前10min(T_0)、再灌注后2h(T_1)、6h(T_2)、12h(T_3)和24h(T_4)经颈内静脉采血检测血清NF-κB、细胞黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、ALT和AST浓度,同时记录MAP、HR和CVP。结果 T_0、T_1时L组和DL组CVP明显低于C组和D组(P<0.01)。与T_0时比较,T_1~T_4时四组NF-κB、ICAM-1、ALT和AST浓度明显升高(P<0.01)。与C组比较,T_1~T_4时DL组、D组和L组ALT、AST、NF-κB和ICAM-1浓度明显降低(P<0.05)。T_1~T_4时D组和L组NF-κB、ICAM-1、ALT和AST浓度明显高于DL组(P<0.01)。结论丹参酮Ⅱ_A磺酸钠后处理联合控制性LCVP用于肝脏部分切除患者,能减轻肝脏IR损伤的程度。

血清α1-抗胰蛋白酶、血管紧张素-Ⅱ与获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者预后的关系

目的探讨血清α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1-AT)、血管紧张素-Ⅱ(Ang-Ⅱ)与获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者预后的关系。方法将该院2019年5月至2022年5月收治的97例首诊AIDS患者纳入研究作为研究组,另选取同期于该院进行体检的健康者97例作为对照组。根据病历收集患者临床资料。对纳入研究者进行α1-AT、Ang-Ⅱ水平检测,并进行分组比较。对纳入研究的AIDS患者进行为期1年的随访,观察患者预后情况,并比较不同预后患者的α1-AT、Ang-Ⅱ水平。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响AIDS患者预后的因素。用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析α1-AT、Ang-Ⅱ水平对患者预后的预测效能。结果研究组血清α1-AT和Ang-Ⅱ水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。AIDS患者1年内的预后不良发生率为23.71%(23/97)。预后不良患者血清α1-AT和Ang-Ⅱ水平高于预后良好患者(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,预后不良患者C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、淋巴细胞计数水平、合并淋巴瘤者所占比例均高于预后良好患者,清蛋白(ALB)水平低于预后良好患者(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,合并淋巴瘤(OR=2.087)、高α1-AT水平(OR=2.611)、高Ang-Ⅱ水平(OR=2.138)是影响患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,α1-AT预测AIDS患者预后的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.778,Ang-Ⅱ预测的AUC为0.798,α1-AT联合Ang-Ⅱ预测的AUC为0.918。结论α1-AT和Ang-Ⅱ在AIDS患者血清中水平异常升高,而且与患者预后有关,是影响患者预后的独立危险因素。α1-AT和Ang-Ⅱ联合检测可有效预测患者预后。

丹参酮Ⅱ_A治疗肾缺血-再灌注损伤及对缺氧诱导因子-1α表达的影响

目的探讨丹参酮ⅡA治疗肾缺血-再灌注损伤及其对缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)表达的影响。方法选用Wistar大鼠66只,随机分为正常组、缺血组、缺血-再灌注组(1h、3h、5h)、丹参酮ⅡA组(1h、3h、5h)及假手术组(1h、3h、5h)。每组6只。各组均先切除右肾,取左肾研究。取左肾部分皮髓质用4%的多聚甲醛固定,进行切片HE染色及免疫组化检测各组肾HIF-1α蛋白的表达水平,另一部分采用荧光定量PCR检测各组肾HIF-1α mRNA的表达水平。取左肾后立即通过下腔静脉采血,检测MDA、TNF-α、Urea及Scr。结果 (1)Urea、HIF-1α蛋白及HIF-1α mRNA分别在假手术组1h、3h、5h增高,与正常组比较,差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。(2)Urea、Scr、MDA、TNF-α分别在正常组、缺血组、缺血-再灌注组(1h、3h、5h)增高(P<0.05)。HIF-1α mRNA在缺血组呈高表达,缺血-再灌注组(1h、3h、5h)呈低表达。HIF-1α蛋白在缺血组和缺血-再灌注组(1h、3h、5h)均呈高表达。(3)Urea、Scr、MDA、TNF-α、HIF-1α蛋白表达水平在丹参酮ⅡA组(1h、3h、5h)均较缺血-再灌注组降低(P<0.05),而HIF-1α mRNA表达水平在丹参酮ⅡA组(1h、3h、5h)增高(P<0.05)。(4)HE染色:与正常组比较,假手术组、缺血组变化不明显,其余各组均有不同程度肾小球、肾间质充血,肾小管上皮细胞水肿、细胞内玻璃样变及脂肪变性。缺血-再灌注组肾小管腔内蛋白管型明显。丹参酮ⅡA组仅个别标本存在蛋白管型,水肿减轻。结论丹参酮ⅡA可减轻肾缺血-再灌注损伤,可增强HIF-1α mRNA的表达和降低HIF-1α蛋白的表达。