Fabrication of Submicron-Diameter and Taper Fibers Using Chemical Etching

The thin, long length and high smoothness silica photonic nanowires and taper optical fiber were fabricated using a simple and low cost chemical etching method. A two-steps wet etch process were used consisting of etching with 30% HF acid to remove cladding and 24% HF acid to decrease fiber core diameter. An approach for on-line monitoring of etching using 1300 nm light power transmitted in the optical fiber was used to determine the diameter of the remaining core and showed a transition between two different operation regimes of nanofiber from the embedded regime, where the mode was isolated from the environment, to the evanescent regime. The data indicated that the diameter of the silica fiber decreased linearly for both 30% and 24% HF acid with 1.2 and 0.1/zm/min grad diameter, respectively at room temperature, and more than 70% of the mode intensity could propagate outside fiber when the core diameter was less than 1μm. The results of fiber taper showed that the fiber was tapered by a factor of 20 while retaining a thin core structure and leaving about more than 85% of core structure.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor based on fused biconical taper zone of optical fiber

In this paper, a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） sensor combined with fused biconical taper fiber （FBTF） and film coated with silver sols is proposed. This structure is designed to significantly increase the SERS active surface when the length of the taper is increased and the radius is reduced, since the penetration depth is inversely proportional to the taper radius and proportional to the taper length according to the fiber-optic evanescent-wave theory. Based on the SERS sensing principle, the feasibility of FBTF sensor is analyzed in this paper. As a result, the Raman spectrum of R6G is obtained from the fused biconical taper zone surface coating with the silver sols in our experiments. The detected concentration is up to 10-7mol/L.

Temperature sensor based on a single-mode tapered optical fiber

A temperature sensor is demonstrated and fabricated by coating the single-mode tapered optical fiber with temperature-sensitive silicone rubber. It works on the change of the evanescent fields in the tapered optical fiber. Small changes in the refractive index of coating film greatly influence the power of evanescent fields, which modulate the transmission optical power in the waist region. The range of temperature measured is from -20℃ to 70 ℃. The results show that the temperature sensor has high temperature sensitivity （0.012 mW/℃） and good repeatability.

Zinc-oxide/PDMS-clad tapered fiber saturable absorber for passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser

We propose and demonstrate a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)based on zinc-oxide/polydimethylsiloxane(ZnO/PDMS)saturable absorber(SA)that evanescently interacts with the light on a tapered fiber.The ZnO/PDMS composite is coated on the whole surface of the tapered fiber to guarantee the maximum efficiency of the SA device,with a measured insertion loss of 0.87 dB and a modulation depth of 6.4%.The proposed laser can generate soliton mode-locking operation at a threshold power of 33.07 mW.The generated output pulse yields a repetition rate and pulse width of 9.77 MHz and 1.03 ps,respectively.These results indicate that the proposed ZnO/PDMS-clad tapered fiber could be useful as an efficient,compatible,and low-cost SA device for ultrafast laser applications.

Frequency-stabilized Yb：fiber comb with a tapered single-mode fiber

We demonstrate a stable Yb：fiber frequency comb with supercontinuum generation by using a specially designed tapered single-mode fiber, in which a spectrum spanning from 500 nm to 1500 nm is produced. The carrier-envelope offset signal of the Yb：fiber comb is measured with a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 40 dB and a linewidth narrower than 120 kHz. The repetition rate and carrier-envelope offset signals are simultaneously phase locked to a microwave reference frequency.

Tapered optical fiber DNA biosensor for detecting Leptospira DNA

Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in the special geometry of the optical fiber tapered from a waist diameter of 125 to 12 μm. The fiber surface was functionalized through a cascade of chemical treatments and the immobilization of a DNA capture probe targeting the secY gene. The presence of the target DNA was determined from the wavelength shift in the optical transmission spectrum.Results: The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity, detecting Leptospira DNA at 0.001 ng/μL, and was selective for Leptospira DNA without cross-reactivity with non-leptospiral microorganisms. The biosensor specifically detected DNA that was specifically amplified through the loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach.Conclusions: These findings warrant the potential of this platform to be developed as a novel alternative approach to diagnose leptospirosis.

A two-stage amplifier of laser eavesdropping model based on waveguide fiber taper

In order to improve ability of amplification about optical arrival angle in laser eavesdropping system, and enhance receiving field of view (FOV) of laser eavesdropping system, this paper presents a new multistage amplifier laser eavesdropping model based on waveguide fiber taper. First of all, taking about four-quadrant (4QD) laser eavesdropping model as an example, from the theoretical view, analyses factors that, currently, laser eavesdropping system face many restrictive factors during practical applications. Besides, from the receiving FOV and ability of amplification about arrival angle of incoming optical axis angles, systematically analyses advantages of multi-stage amplifier model. What’s more,through constructing laser eavesdropping test platform, we demonstrate Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) of two stage amplification model is eventually promoted to 6-10 dB compared with one amplifying model,especially in low and high audio level, the advantages is more obvious.

High-frequency fused high-voltage arc tapering process power supply for of fiber

The performance of the optical fiber coupler prepared with fused biconical taper method is determined by the quality of fused stretching. Besides, the stable high-temperature heat source is the essential guarantee for fused stretching process to go smoothly. The way of using AC （alternating current） arc as the heat source is proposed in this article. In addition, the paper also introduces high-frequency high-voltage power supply with the characteristics of constant current and restricted voltage, which is composed of preceding voltage regulation part and following inverter.

Measurement of refrative index based on fiber Mach-Zehnder interference

In order to detect the refractive index of liquid with high precision,based on modular interference,Mach-Zehnder optical fiber refractive rate sensor was studied.Sensor structure is composed of ordinary single-mode fiber and multimode fiber,according to the singlemode multimode singlemode sequence to fuse together,and the fused optical fiber is used to process the taper.As a result,the diameter of the sensing head is about 10μm.Experimental results show that,as liquid refractive index increases range from 1.33 to 1.35,the loss peak of the transmission spectrum will shift to long wave direction.

微纳Taper光纤干涉传感器的折射率测量理论研究

利用微纳taper光纤干涉方程和微纳光纤传输模式函数关系,建立了微纳taper光纤干涉波长随环境折射率变化的数学模型,指出微纳taper光纤干涉波长的响应规律由基模高阶模有效折射率差、色散因子和环境折射率3个因素所决定.详细研究了微纳taper光纤传感器的灵敏度变化规律,结果表明,传感器的灵敏度随光纤半径变小而急速增大,并随环境折射率的增大而非线性增加,而且探测波长越长,其灵敏度越大.

基于锥形掺镱光纤实现20 kW高光束质量激光输出

锥形光纤能够有效兼顾非线性效应抑制和模式控制,具备实现高功率、高光束质量光纤激光的潜力。近期国防科技大学研制了锥形掺镱光纤,采用1 018 nm光纤激光后向级联泵浦实现了20.2 kW激光输出,光束质量β因子平均值优于2,拉曼抑制比为33 dB。研究结果展示了锥形光纤在实现万瓦级高光束质量激光方面的优势。

Switchable multi-wavelength fiber laser based on modal interference

A comb fiber filter based on modal interference is proposed and demonstrated in this paper. Here two cascaded uptapers are used to excite the cladding mode, and a core-offset jointing point is used to act as an interference component.Experimental results show that this kind of structure possesses a comb filter property in a range of the C-band. The measured extinction ratio is better than 12 dB with an insertion loss of about 11 dB. A switchable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on this novel comb filter is demonstrated. By adjusting the polarization controller, the output laser can be switched among single-, dual-, and three-wavelengths with a side mode suppression ratio of better than 45 dB.

拉锥光纤表面等离激元共振高性能传感器

Au和Ag常用于激发表面等离激元共振(SPR)。Ag的欧姆损耗低于Au,损耗谱线更窄,但Ag容易被氧化。而TiO_(2)具有化学稳定性和可调性等优势。因此,为了做出性能优异且稳定的传感器,提出了一种基于Ag/TiO_(2)的拉锥多模光纤(MMF)表面等离激元共振传感器。TiO_(2)增加传感器灵敏度保留了窄损耗谱线的优势,同时起到了保护Ag免受氧化的作用。该传感器具有高灵敏度和高质量指数(FOM)的特点,在通信波长范围内表现出卓越性能。为了深入研究,文中使用基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件的有限元方法(FEM)模拟工具进行了数值研究。模拟结果显示:传感器实现了最大波长灵敏度达到16000 nm/RIU,最大FOM值为1920 RIU^(-1)。该研究为高性能SPR传感器的设计提供了有价值的设计见解。

一种基于磁流体包覆锥形光纤的磁场传感器

为实现低成本、高灵敏度的磁场传感器,提出了一种基于磁流体包覆锥形光纤的磁场传感器,该传感结构为基于错位熔接单模光纤制成的马赫-曾德干涉仪。为了增强传感器对外界响应的灵敏度,使用氢氧火焰熔融拉锥方法对两个熔接点之间的单模光纤进行拉锥处理。将干涉仪包覆磁流体并用毛细管对其进行封装。由于磁流体具有磁光特性,透射光谱随外加磁场的变化而变化,通过监测透射光谱幅度的变化可以实现磁场传感。实验中获得的磁场响应灵敏度为0.599 dB·mT^(-1)。该光纤磁场传感器具有制作简单、结构紧凑和成本低等优点,有望应用于航空航天、地质勘探、生物医学等不同领域进行磁场测量。

拉锥光纤在传感中的弯曲损耗

拉锥光纤在光学传感,尤其是压力传感器方面应用广泛,这是利用了光纤受到外力弯曲后的功率损失。采用有限元方法模拟了绝热直线型拉锥光纤各个位置,特别是锥形过渡区域的弯曲损耗。数值模拟结果表明,相较于其他区域,光纤的芯模截止区弯曲损耗更大,压力灵敏度更高,这是因为该位置的临界锥角取值最小,绝热条件在弯曲下更容易被破坏。该结果将为拉锥光纤传感器设计中传感点的选取提供有价值的参考。

基于聚二甲基硅氧烷的曲线型光纤锥温度传感结构

基于简单的熔融拉锥技术提出了一种涂覆聚二甲基硅氧烷的曲线型光纤锥温度传感结构。单模光纤锥的长为1.5mm,腰径25μm。涂覆聚二甲基硅氧烷后光纤锥的腰径为100μm。实验给出了曲线型光纤锥的温度响应特性,其温度灵敏度达到了-191.41pm/℃。此外,聚二甲基硅氧烷具有很好的疏水性,这结构可有效避免温度测量中的湿度串扰问题,同时,这结构的制备过程简单、成本低、灵敏度高,机械强度好,在工业自动化、航空航天、生物医疗等领域有着重要的应用前景。

直耦增强型CMOS相机技术研究

直耦增强型CMOS(intensified complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor,ICMOS)相机通过将像增强器输出窗与CMOS直接耦合而成,具备灵敏度高、响应速度快、光谱范围可调等特点。本文根据ICMOS的组成结构,分析了阴极、微通道板、荧光屏、CMOS等各组成部件对直耦ICMOS成像性能的影响,提出ICMOS用像增强器、CMOS成像器件的选型依据,并结合公司对像增强器的加工优势,基于18 mm NVT-7像增强器和1英寸CMOS开展了实际微光成像验证。结果表明,采用直耦方式的ICMOS相机能够在5×10^(-4)lx条件下清晰成像,分辨力达到16 lp/mm。此外,用于ICMOS耦合的像增强器增益不宜过高,4000 cd/(m^(2)·lx)比较适宜,另外,在增益适宜的条件下,荧光屏输出亮度对其性能影响不大。

基于光纤光栅的多点拉锥光纤柔性曲率传感器

针对现有曲率传感器存在制造工艺繁琐、成本较高的问题,提出了一种基于光纤光栅的反射式拉锥光纤柔性曲率传感器,通过将单模拉锥光纤植入聚二甲基硅氧烷(polydimethylsiloxane,PDMS)材料中实现对曲率的柔性传感,同时,利用光纤布拉格光栅(fiber Bragg grating,FBG)的波分复用特性,将其与多个拉锥光纤曲率传感器级联,实现了多点拉锥光纤柔性曲率传感,可同时感知多点的曲率信息。实验结果表明,薄膜状的PDMS柔弹性良好,拉锥光纤与PDMS膜能同步弯曲,弯曲灵敏度约为0.59348-0.60696 dB/m^(-1)。基于FBG的多点拉锥光纤柔性曲率传感还具有较好的抗串扰能力。进一步地,使用该柔性传感器对喉咙处及手腕处的人体活动监测进行了应用研究,结果表明该传感器不但能检测到人体微小的肌肉变化,也能检测到幅度较大的动作,在人体活动监测领域具有良好的发展前景。

锥形微纳光纤激发相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射光谱研究

从数值仿真和实验测量方面验证了使用锥形微纳光纤代替聚焦物镜产生相干拉曼散射信号的可行性。通过数值计算以及实验测量分析了超短脉冲在锥形微纳光纤中的传输特性,证明锥区长度为5cm的锥形微纳光纤可以有效保证超短脉冲在其中传输时的时域和谱域特性,并且功率衰减较小,850~1100nm波长范围内的实测插入损耗最大值不超过1.05dB,平均值0.84dB。然后,使用锥形微纳光纤成功探测到环己烷在2853cm^(-1)位置处的拉曼共振峰,证明了使用锥形微纳光纤激发相干拉曼光谱的可行性。使用锥形微纳光纤激发相干拉曼光谱具有信号激发灵活方便,摆脱了传统空间光学的约束,为相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,CARS)系统在内窥成像领域和微创检测领域的发展提供了一种新的途径。

基于色散转折点处的高灵敏度锥形七芯光纤折射率传感器

基于色散转折点的锥形光纤折射率传感器由于依赖色散转折点(Dispersion Turning Point,DTP)的独有特性,可获得超高的传感灵敏度,在生物溶液检测和物质分析等领域展现了广阔的应用前景。提出了一种基于色散转折点处的锥形七芯光纤(Saven-core-fiber,SCF)液体折射率传感器,该传感器通过二次拉锥法制作而成,通过理论和实验证明,该传感器在色散转折点附近具有超高的折射率灵敏度,折射率在1.33附近区域时,折射率灵敏度的最大值为23262.30 nm·RIU^(-1);折射率在1.35附近区域时,折射率灵敏度的最大值为23658.23 nm·RIU^(-1),此外,该传感器具有良好的复现性,使其在微生物溶液检测和血浆检测等领域显示出巨大的潜力。