Hyperthermia has been a modality to treat cancer for thousands of years. During this time, intensive efforts are concentrated on determining the dose of the proper treatment, but the dominantly in vitro induced cellul...Hyperthermia has been a modality to treat cancer for thousands of years. During this time, intensive efforts are concentrated on determining the dose of the proper treatment, but the dominantly in vitro induced cellular death does not provide enough confidence for the clinical dosing. The cell-death by heat-monotherapy applications in laboratory experiments is difficult to apply in the complementary therapies in clinical applications. The newly developed nanotechnologies offer completely new possibilities in this field as well. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT, trade-name Oncothermia) is a nanoheating technology that has selective effects on membrane rafts and on the transmembrane proteins. This effect is thermal. The thermal action is in nanoscopic range which makes the phenomenon special. Our objective is to show the dose concept on this emerging method.展开更多
IMRT has increased the local-regional control and decreased the complications from treating nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC). Therefore studying IMRT is important.CT and MRI are complementary,and their joint use is currentl...IMRT has increased the local-regional control and decreased the complications from treating nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC). Therefore studying IMRT is important.CT and MRI are complementary,and their joint use is currently considered to be the optimal modality to delineate the extent of the primary spread of NPC.The key problem in delineation of the neck nodes is how to translate anatomic node regions into the CT boundaries.The consensus guideline which narrowed the gap among different cancer centers is recommended in delineating the boundary of the cervical lymph node regions.The definition of the NPC GTV is clear and almost the same among the main cancer centers in their IMRT planning protocols. The suggested biological dose to the GTV is close to or more than 80 Gy; the main differences are the definitions of the CTVs and their schemes for the prescribed dose,and also the dosage to the high cervical region is different among those centers.According to their long-term follow-up results,it is suggested that,besides adding 5~10 mm margins to the primary lesions, the immediate high-risk structures(including the entire nasopharyngeal cavity,retropharyngeal space,clivus,base of the skul,pterygoid plates and muscles,parapharyngeal space,the sphenoid and partial ethmoid sinuses, the posterior third of the maxillary sinuses and the nasal cavity)should also be included with a prescription of more than 60 Gy,and the bilateral Ib,II and Va node levels should be ranked as high-risk regions and differentialy prescribed for treatment with no less than 60 Gy.展开更多
A computer program MACA was developed for simulating high-dose ion implantation into amorphous solids. The topology of amorphous solids was modelled by adjusting the free flight path distribution between collisions, s...A computer program MACA was developed for simulating high-dose ion implantation into amorphous solids. The topology of amorphous solids was modelled by adjusting the free flight path distribution between collisions, so that the radial distribution function will characterize the short - range order and long - range disorder of amorphous targets. A simulation example is given.展开更多
The developments of medicine always follow innovations in science and technology.In the past decade,such innovations have made cancer-related targeted therapies possible.In general,the term "targeted therapy"...The developments of medicine always follow innovations in science and technology.In the past decade,such innovations have made cancer-related targeted therapies possible.In general,the term "targeted therapy" has been used in reference to cellular and molecular level oriented therapies.However,improvements in the delivery and planning of traditional radiation therapy have also provided cancer patients more options for "targeted" treatment,notably stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT).In this review,the progress and controversies of SRS and SBRT are discussed to show the role of stereotactic radiation therapy in the ever evolving multidisciplinary care of cancer patients.展开更多
Neutron energy, fluence rate, angular distributions and dose equivalent rate distributions around the thick Be, Cu, An targets bombarded by 50 MeV/u 18O-ion were measured using a threshold detector activation method. ...Neutron energy, fluence rate, angular distributions and dose equivalent rate distributions around the thick Be, Cu, An targets bombarded by 50 MeV/u 18O-ion were measured using a threshold detector activation method. At the same time,the neutron yields of 18O-ion and the neutron emission rates in the forward direction were obtained approximately.展开更多
文摘Hyperthermia has been a modality to treat cancer for thousands of years. During this time, intensive efforts are concentrated on determining the dose of the proper treatment, but the dominantly in vitro induced cellular death does not provide enough confidence for the clinical dosing. The cell-death by heat-monotherapy applications in laboratory experiments is difficult to apply in the complementary therapies in clinical applications. The newly developed nanotechnologies offer completely new possibilities in this field as well. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT, trade-name Oncothermia) is a nanoheating technology that has selective effects on membrane rafts and on the transmembrane proteins. This effect is thermal. The thermal action is in nanoscopic range which makes the phenomenon special. Our objective is to show the dose concept on this emerging method.
文摘IMRT has increased the local-regional control and decreased the complications from treating nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC). Therefore studying IMRT is important.CT and MRI are complementary,and their joint use is currently considered to be the optimal modality to delineate the extent of the primary spread of NPC.The key problem in delineation of the neck nodes is how to translate anatomic node regions into the CT boundaries.The consensus guideline which narrowed the gap among different cancer centers is recommended in delineating the boundary of the cervical lymph node regions.The definition of the NPC GTV is clear and almost the same among the main cancer centers in their IMRT planning protocols. The suggested biological dose to the GTV is close to or more than 80 Gy; the main differences are the definitions of the CTVs and their schemes for the prescribed dose,and also the dosage to the high cervical region is different among those centers.According to their long-term follow-up results,it is suggested that,besides adding 5~10 mm margins to the primary lesions, the immediate high-risk structures(including the entire nasopharyngeal cavity,retropharyngeal space,clivus,base of the skul,pterygoid plates and muscles,parapharyngeal space,the sphenoid and partial ethmoid sinuses, the posterior third of the maxillary sinuses and the nasal cavity)should also be included with a prescription of more than 60 Gy,and the bilateral Ib,II and Va node levels should be ranked as high-risk regions and differentialy prescribed for treatment with no less than 60 Gy.
文摘A computer program MACA was developed for simulating high-dose ion implantation into amorphous solids. The topology of amorphous solids was modelled by adjusting the free flight path distribution between collisions, so that the radial distribution function will characterize the short - range order and long - range disorder of amorphous targets. A simulation example is given.
文摘The developments of medicine always follow innovations in science and technology.In the past decade,such innovations have made cancer-related targeted therapies possible.In general,the term "targeted therapy" has been used in reference to cellular and molecular level oriented therapies.However,improvements in the delivery and planning of traditional radiation therapy have also provided cancer patients more options for "targeted" treatment,notably stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT).In this review,the progress and controversies of SRS and SBRT are discussed to show the role of stereotactic radiation therapy in the ever evolving multidisciplinary care of cancer patients.
文摘Neutron energy, fluence rate, angular distributions and dose equivalent rate distributions around the thick Be, Cu, An targets bombarded by 50 MeV/u 18O-ion were measured using a threshold detector activation method. At the same time,the neutron yields of 18O-ion and the neutron emission rates in the forward direction were obtained approximately.
