This study investigated behavioral inhibition in female college students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits using a Go/NoGo task and event-related potentials (ERPs). The schizotypal-trait (n = 15) and no...This study investigated behavioral inhibition in female college students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits using a Go/NoGo task and event-related potentials (ERPs). The schizotypal-trait (n = 15) and normal control (n = 15) groups were selected based on scores of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). The Go/NoGo task consisted of Go (requires response) and NoGo (requires no response) conditions. In terms of response time and accuracy rate for the Go/NoGo task, the two groups did not differ significantly. In terms of ERPs, the control group showed greater N2 amplitudes in response to NoGo (NoGo-N2) than to Go stimuli (Go-N2), whereas the schizotypal-trait group showed no significant difference in NoGo-N2 and Go-N2 amplitudes. In addition, the schizotypal-trait group showed reduced NoGo-N2 amplitudes at the frontal site compared to controls, and an association between SPQ scores and NoGo-N2 amplitudes measured at the frontal site. The two groups did not differ in P3 amplitudes. Since the N2 reflects the detection of response conflict and behavioral inhibition, the present results indicate that nonclinical individuals with schizotypal traits have difficulties in detecting response conflict and behavioral inhibition.展开更多
Objective: We investigated cognitive inhibition in non-clinical individuals with schizotypal traits using event-related potentials. Methods: College students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits (n = 16) a...Objective: We investigated cognitive inhibition in non-clinical individuals with schizotypal traits using event-related potentials. Methods: College students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits (n = 16) and normal controls (n = 15) participated. The computerized Stroop task with three types of stimuli, i.e., congruent, incongruent, and neutral words, was used to measure cognitive inhibition. Results: The schizotypal-trait group committed significantly more errors in response to incongruent words than did the control group. The control group showed frontal negativity (FN) of significantly greater amplitude in response to incongruent than to congruent and neutral stimuli, whereas the schizotypal-trait group showed no significant difference in FN amplitude between incongruent and congruent/neutral stimuli at 300 - 400 ms poststimulus. A source localization analysis conducted in different waveforms for incongruent minus congruent conditions at 300-400 ms poststimulus showed reduced activation in the left cingulate cortex and in the middle/medial prefrontal cortex in the schizotypal-trait group compared with the control group. The two groups did not differ in the sustained potential amplitudes observed at 550-650 ms after stimulus-onset at parietal sites. Conclusions: These results suggest that individuals with schizotypal traits have difficulties in conflict detection and cognitive inhibition, possibly mediated by the cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex.展开更多
前瞻记忆后效(aftereffects of prospective memory)是指个体错误地重复执行已完成的前瞻记忆意向或已完成的意向对进行中任务产生干扰的现象。基于前瞻记忆多重加工理论,通过对文献梳理发现,任务特征(前瞻记忆任务特征、进行中任务特...前瞻记忆后效(aftereffects of prospective memory)是指个体错误地重复执行已完成的前瞻记忆意向或已完成的意向对进行中任务产生干扰的现象。基于前瞻记忆多重加工理论,通过对文献梳理发现,任务特征(前瞻记忆任务特征、进行中任务特征、任务情境)和个体特征会调节事件性前瞻记忆后效。目前,关于事件性前瞻记忆后效的加工机制的理论解释主要包括自动化加工、控制加工、提取−抑制加工、停止标记加工、双加工和动态多重加工等。其中,自动化加工可分为反射−联结加工和差异−搜索加工,而控制加工又可分为监控加工和抑制加工。事件性前瞻记忆后效的形成与自动化加工和监控加工关系更密切,而后效的消退更依赖抑制加工。未来研究需深入考察事件性前瞻记忆后效的加工机制,增加对不同类型以及自然情境中前瞻记忆后效的考察,注重探究降低前瞻记忆后效的策略。展开更多
文摘This study investigated behavioral inhibition in female college students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits using a Go/NoGo task and event-related potentials (ERPs). The schizotypal-trait (n = 15) and normal control (n = 15) groups were selected based on scores of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). The Go/NoGo task consisted of Go (requires response) and NoGo (requires no response) conditions. In terms of response time and accuracy rate for the Go/NoGo task, the two groups did not differ significantly. In terms of ERPs, the control group showed greater N2 amplitudes in response to NoGo (NoGo-N2) than to Go stimuli (Go-N2), whereas the schizotypal-trait group showed no significant difference in NoGo-N2 and Go-N2 amplitudes. In addition, the schizotypal-trait group showed reduced NoGo-N2 amplitudes at the frontal site compared to controls, and an association between SPQ scores and NoGo-N2 amplitudes measured at the frontal site. The two groups did not differ in P3 amplitudes. Since the N2 reflects the detection of response conflict and behavioral inhibition, the present results indicate that nonclinical individuals with schizotypal traits have difficulties in detecting response conflict and behavioral inhibition.
文摘Objective: We investigated cognitive inhibition in non-clinical individuals with schizotypal traits using event-related potentials. Methods: College students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits (n = 16) and normal controls (n = 15) participated. The computerized Stroop task with three types of stimuli, i.e., congruent, incongruent, and neutral words, was used to measure cognitive inhibition. Results: The schizotypal-trait group committed significantly more errors in response to incongruent words than did the control group. The control group showed frontal negativity (FN) of significantly greater amplitude in response to incongruent than to congruent and neutral stimuli, whereas the schizotypal-trait group showed no significant difference in FN amplitude between incongruent and congruent/neutral stimuli at 300 - 400 ms poststimulus. A source localization analysis conducted in different waveforms for incongruent minus congruent conditions at 300-400 ms poststimulus showed reduced activation in the left cingulate cortex and in the middle/medial prefrontal cortex in the schizotypal-trait group compared with the control group. The two groups did not differ in the sustained potential amplitudes observed at 550-650 ms after stimulus-onset at parietal sites. Conclusions: These results suggest that individuals with schizotypal traits have difficulties in conflict detection and cognitive inhibition, possibly mediated by the cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex.
文摘前瞻记忆后效(aftereffects of prospective memory)是指个体错误地重复执行已完成的前瞻记忆意向或已完成的意向对进行中任务产生干扰的现象。基于前瞻记忆多重加工理论,通过对文献梳理发现,任务特征(前瞻记忆任务特征、进行中任务特征、任务情境)和个体特征会调节事件性前瞻记忆后效。目前,关于事件性前瞻记忆后效的加工机制的理论解释主要包括自动化加工、控制加工、提取−抑制加工、停止标记加工、双加工和动态多重加工等。其中,自动化加工可分为反射−联结加工和差异−搜索加工,而控制加工又可分为监控加工和抑制加工。事件性前瞻记忆后效的形成与自动化加工和监控加工关系更密切,而后效的消退更依赖抑制加工。未来研究需深入考察事件性前瞻记忆后效的加工机制,增加对不同类型以及自然情境中前瞻记忆后效的考察,注重探究降低前瞻记忆后效的策略。
