Determination of alkali-labile phosphoprotein phosphorus from fish plasma using the Tb^(3+)-tiron complex as a fluorescence probe

A sensitive method based on the fluorescence quenching effect of the Tb^3＋-Tiron complex is proposed for the determination of alkali-labile phosphoprotein phosphorus （ALP） released from fish plasma. The detection limit was 5.4 ng/ml （S/N=2）, and the relative standard deviation of the quenching effect （6 replicates） was 4.6%. The results obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained by the colorimetric assay. The advantages of the present method are its relatively simple detection procedure, the lack of toxic organic solvents, and high sensitivity.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine detection in aquatic products based on the enzyme mimics and fluorescence of cobalt-doped carbon nitride

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine(Hx)detection was established based on the mimic enzyme and fluorescence characteristics of cobalt-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride(Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)).In addition to emitting strong fluorescence,the peroxidase activity of Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)can catalyze the reaction of O-phenylenediamine and H_(2)O_(2)to produce diallyl phthalate which can emit yellow fluorescence at 570 nm.Through the decomposition of Hx by xanthine oxidase,Hx can be indirectly detected by the generating hydrogen peroxide based on the measurement of fluorescent ratio I(F_(570)/F_(370)).The linear range was 1.7-272.2 mg/kg(R^(2)=0.997),and the detection limit was 1.52 mg/kg(3σ/K,n=9).The established method was applied to Hx detection in bass,grass carp,and shrimp,and the data were verified by HPLC.The result shows that the established probe is sensitive,accurate,and reliable,and can be used for Hx detection in aquatic products.

Three-photon-excited fluorescence of Tb^(3+)-doped CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 glass by femtosecond laser irradiation

A near infrared to visible blue, green, and red upconversion luminescence in a Tb^3＋-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass was studied, which was excited using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. The upconversion luminescence was attributed to ^5D3→^7F5, ^5D3→^7F4, ^5D3→^7F3, ^5D4→^7F6, ^5D4→^7F5, ^5D4→^7F4, and ^5D4→^7F3 transitions of Tb^3＋. The relationship between upconversion luminescence intensity and the pump power indicated that a three-photon simultaneous absorption process was dominant in this upconversion luminescence. The intense red, green, and blue upconversion luminescence of Tb^3＋-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass may be potentially useful in developing three-dimensional display applications.

Synthesis of 3-hydroxyflavone fluorescent probes and study of their fluorescence properties

Direct measurement of dipole potential in biological membranes has been impossible and 3-hydroxyflavones(3HFs) have allowed detection of changes in dipole potential in biological systems.In the present study,sixteen derivatives of 3HF with aliphatic hydrocarbon chains of different lengths at 4′-position and 6-position were synthesized.The basic fluorescence properties of 3HFs are maintained in all the probes in terms of strong blue shift in maximum fluorescence emission wavelength and>100 fold increase in quantum yield in organic solvents and in dioleoylphosphatidylcholine(DOPC) small unilamellar vesicles(SUV) in comparison to in aqueous Hepes buffer(15 mmol/L,pH 7.4).More importantly,the ability of the new compounds to report dipole potential changes in biological systems are also maintained,since all the new probes showed spectrum properties that are similar to yet different from that of F4N1,which potentially may allow more sensitive measurement of the dipole potential change in membranes.

用于痕量监测Zr^(4+)、Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)、Fe^(3+)、HPO_(4)^(2-)和指纹识别的功能化Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)配位聚合物荧光探针的构筑

采用芳香族π共轭及含氮原子有机连接剂,合成同构铽、铕发光配位聚合物(CPs){[Eu(PLIA)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·H_(2)O}_(n)(1)和{[Tb(PLIA)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·H_(2)O}_(n)(2),其中H_(2)PLIA=5-((吡啶-4-基甲基)氧基)苯-1,3-二甲酸。对合成的配合物进行了结构测定、表征和荧光痕量识别实验研究。2个同构配合物具有理想的三维框架结构,π…π堆积及氢键等弱相互作用增强了其化学稳定性;表征显示配位聚合物1和2具有良好的荧光性质、结晶性、热力学稳定性及结构完整性,可作为荧光传感的材料。1和2对水溶液中的Zr^(4+)、Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)和Fe^(3+)、HPO_(4)^(2-)具有选择性好、灵敏度高的荧光识别能力,其检出限分别为0.139μmol·L^(-1)(1,Zr^(4+))、0.626μmol·L^(-1)(1,Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-))、0.430μmol·L^(-1)(2,Fe^(3+))、1.36μmol·L^(-1)(2,HPO_(4)^(2-))。探究了1和2作为探针的荧光猝灭机理。更有趣的是,1和2具有指纹识别性能,其荧光指纹纹路清晰连贯,细节明显,可被清晰观察。

A highly sensitive fluorescent probe RN-NA reveals peroxynitrite as a novel biomarker for primary open angle glaucoma

AIM:To directly quantify peroxynitrite(ONOO-)using a highly sensitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe RN-NA,investigate the association between ONOOand primary open angle glaucoma(POAG),and clarify whether RN-NA could be used as a potential tool for POAG diagnosis.METHODS:Plasma and aqueous humor(AH)samples were collected from POAG patients(n=100,age:59.70±6.87y)and age-related cataract(ARC)patients(n=100,age:61.15±4.60y)admitted to our hospital.Next,RN-NA was used to detect ONOO-in plasma and AH samples,and the relationship between ONOO-level and POAG was analyzed using binary logistic regression.Besides,Pearson correlation analysis was applied to characterize the correlation of the levels of ONOO-with the patients’age,intraocular pressure(IOP),and mean deviation of visual field testing.The ONOO-scavenger MnTMPyP was employed to treat the 3-morpholinosyndnomine(SIN-1)-induced ocular hypertension in mice(n=7,6-8wk).Finally,the IOP and ONOO-in both eyes were measured 30min after the last drug treatment.RESULTS:ONOO-levels of AH and plasma were significantly higher in the POAG group than in the ARC group(P<0.01).Additionally,ONOO-levels were closely correlated with POAG in a binary logistic regression analysis[odds ratio(OR)=1.008,95%confidence interval(CI):1.002-1.013,P<0.01 for AH;OR=1.004,95%CI:1.002-1.006,P<0.001 for plasma].Pearson correlation analysis showed that ONOO-levels in AH or plasma were positively associated with visual field defects(R=0.51,P<0.01 for AH;R=0.45,P<0.001 for plasma),and ONOO-levels in plasma and AH were correlated in the POAG group(R=0.69,P<0.001).However,administering MnTMPyP to mouse eyes reversed the elevated IOP caused by SIN-1(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ONOO-levels in AH and plasma,detected by RN-NA,are significantly related to POAG and positively correlated with visual field defects in POAG patients.Hence,ONOO-is a potential biomarker of POAG,especially advanced POAG.Besides,anti-nitration compounds may be novel ocular hypotensive agents based on the animal study.

A KIND OF FLUORESCENCE PROBE TO STUDY THE KINETICS OF POLYMERIZATION PROCESS

Fluorescence properties of 1-pheny1-3-(4'-nitrophenyl) pyrazoline (PNP) were studied inbulk polymerization process of methylmethacrylate (MMA). The fluorescence intensity of PNPwas enhanced and the emission maximum was blue shifted with the polymerization progress. Inthe period of auto-acceleration of the polymerization the enhancement of fluorescence intensityand blue shift of peak wavelength in spectra could be observed evidently. This means that thesolvatochromic properties of PNP are influenced not only by the solvent polarity but also by theviscosity of the medium (especially by the phase transitiott). In solid state PNP emits from thecharge transfer excited state without solvent relaxation. The transient emission spectra and theresults from Bakhshiev model of solvent relaxation coincide with that from the polymerizationexperiment.

Tb^(3+)离子发光探针研究Ca^(2+),La^(3+)和Al^(3+)与拟南芥钙调素的竞争结合

利用Tb3+ 离子的发光 ,研究了Tb3+ 与拟南芥钙调素 (CaM )结合的荧光光谱及荧光滴定曲线特点 ,然后利用Tb3+ 4·CaM系统在 2 2 1nm直接激发和 2 80nm敏化激发的光谱变化研究了Ca2 + ,La3+ 和Al3+ 与拟南芥钙调素 (CaM )的竞争结合作用。结果表明 :Tb3+ ,La3+ 与钙调素的竞争结合能力强于Ca2 + ,而Tb3+的竞争结合力又大于La3+ ,Ca2 +与钙调素的结合力远大于Al3+。竞争实验的结果从分子水平上揭示了Tb3+ ,La3+ 和Al3+ 等金属离子生物效应可能的分子机制。

Tb^（3＋），Ca^（2＋）与天花粉蛋白的结合效应

利用Ｔｂ^（３＋）作为荧光探针研究天花粉蛋白（ＴＣＳ）的结构。Ｔｂ^（３＋）可置换天花粉蛋白中的Ｃａ^（２＋），发生从ＴＣＳ分子中的Ｔｒｐ残基到Ｔｂ^（３＋）的能量传递，使Ｔｒｐ的荧光发射强度减弱。利用光谱技术研究发现，Ｔｂ^（３＋）与ＴＣＳ亲和力小于Ｃａ（２＋）与ＴＣＳ的亲和力；Ｔｂ^（３＋）与其结合后基本不改变ＴＣＳ的构象，但Ｔｒｐ和Ｔｙｒ残基处的微环境发生变比；Ｃａ^（２＋）对ＴＣＳ构象有显著影响。

基于Eu^(3+)-生物质碳量子点探针的比率型荧光传感体系检测盐酸四环素

该文以橙皮为原料制备的碳量子点(CDs)与铕离子(Eu^(3+))构建双发射比率型荧光探针(Eu^(3+)-CDs)并用于抗生素盐酸四环素的检测。在370 nm激发波长下,Eu^(3+)-CDs荧光探针在425 nm处出现较强的蓝色荧光峰,在617 nm处出现较弱的红色荧光峰。随着盐酸四环素浓度的逐渐增大,Eu3+与盐酸四环素螯合形成的配合物增多,在425 nm处的CDs荧光(I_(F425))逐渐减弱,而617 nm处铕配合物的荧光(I_(F617))逐渐增强,可基于荧光强度比I_(F617)/I_(F425)的变化对盐酸四环素进行测定。考察了Eu^(3+)的浓度、pH值和反应时间对探针荧光强度的影响。在最佳条件下,该双发射比率型荧光探针对盐酸四环素具有特异性识别能力,荧光强度比(I_(F617)/I_(F425))与盐酸四环素浓度在10~100µmol/L范围内存在良好的线性关系,相关系数r^(2)=0.9926,检出限为5.09µmol/L。该方法成功用于猪肉中盐酸四环素含量的检测,加标回收率为102%~110%,相对标准偏差为0.20%~2.4%,具有较好的实用性。

基于N掺杂Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene量子点的荧光探针用于Hg2+和S2-的传感检测

基于N掺杂Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene量子点(N-Ti_(3)C_(2) MQDs)荧光探针和配位相互作用,构建了一种检测Hg^(2+)和S^(2-)的“开-关-开”型荧光传感新方法.研究发现,制备的N-Ti_(3)C_(2) MQDs发射蓝色荧光(λem=440 nm),荧光量子产率为15.7%.Hg^(2+)与N-Ti_(3)C_(2) MQDs表面的—NH2,—COOH,—OH等官能团产生选择性配位作用,导致N-Ti_(3)C_(2) MQDs体系荧光猝灭.当加入S^(2-)后,由于S^(2-)与Hg^(2+)之间强的结合力,形成HgS沉淀,从而使N-Ti_(3)C_(2) MQDs体系荧光恢复.基于该原理,构建了一种“开-关-开”型荧光传感方法,实现了对Hg^(2+)和S^(2-)的定量检测.N-Ti_(3)C_(2) MQDs探针的荧光强度与Hg^(2+)浓度在0.02~200μmol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为10 nmol/L(S/N=3);与S^(2-)浓度在0.07~150μmol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为30 nmol/L(S/N=3).该方法具有成本低、操作简单、灵敏度高和选择性好等特点,并可用于水样中Hg^(2+)和S^(2-)的检测.

SrF_(2):Tb^(3+)的水热合成及其对Fe^(3+)离子检测研究

采用水热法一步合成了一系列SrF_(2):Tb^(3+)荧光粉,对其物相结构以及发光性质进行了表征。发现在Fe^(3+)的存在下Tb^(3+)的荧光会明显猝灭,因此SrF_(2):Tb^(3+)可作为荧光探针检测Fe^(3+)离子。通过检测1×10-5~6×10-5mol/L浓度范围的Fe^(3+)溶液,确定了荧光探针荧光强度与Fe^(3+)浓度之间的线性关系,计算得到了检出限为1.73×10-7mol/L。此外,SrF_(2):Tb^(3+)荧光探针在检测Fe^(3+)时具有较好的选择性与抗干扰性,最后对实际水样进行了检测,测得湖水与自来水中Fe^(3+)的浓度分别为9.15μmol/L和11.80μmol/L。

A method for calibrating the confocal volume of a confocal three-dimensional micro-x-ray fluorescence setup

The measurement of the confocal volume of a confocal three-dimensional micro-x-ray fluorescence(3D-XRF)setup is a key step in the field of confocal 3D-XRF analysis.With the development of x-ray facilities and optical devices,3D-XRF analysis with a micro confocal volume will create a great potential for 2D and 3D microstructural analysis and accurate quantitative analysis.However,the classic measurement method of scanning metal foils of a certain thickness leads to inaccuracy.A method for calibrating the confocal volume is proposed in this paper.The new method is based on the basic content of the textbook,and the theoretical results and the feasibility are given in detail for the 3D-XRF mono-chromatic x-ray condition and the poly-chromatic x-ray condition.We obtain a set of experimental confirmation using the poly-chromatic x-ray tube in the laboratory.It is proved that the sensitivity factor of the 3D-XRF can be directly and accurately obtained in a real calibration process.

Design of functionalized fluorescent ionic liquid and its application for achieving significant improvements in Al^3t detecting

Specific fluorophore was introduced into ionic liquid based on its tunability,thus a kind of novel fluorescent ionic liquid probe[P66614][HQS]was designed,synthesized and characterized.Compared with non-fluorescent HQS,ionic liquid[P66614][HQS]emitted a certain amount of fluorescence,which could be attributed to the well-delocalized frontier orbitals and its charge transfer character,as demonstrated by quantum chemical calculation.Considering the interaction of[P66614][HQS]with metal ions,the application for detecting specific substance as a chemical sensor,such as Al3+was investigated.Compared with the traditional probe HQS,significant improvements in Al^3+detecting was achieved by[P66614][HQS]with stronger binding ability,better sensitivity and selectivity.The better performance of[P66614][HQS]was contributed to the changed charge distribution,leading to the stronger binding interaction.We believe that this new fluorescent ionic liquid exhibited unique properties in detecting Al^3+in aqueous solution,which would broaden the application of ionic liquids.

Highly Sensitive Acidic pH Fluorescent Probe Based on A Boradiaza-indacene Derivative

A pH-sensor with a pKa value of 5.05 based on 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene（BODIPY） dye was synthesized and demonstrated to be highly sensitive within a pH range of 4.0--6.0 and was highly photostable, which makes it a potential pH fluorescent probe. The new pH-sensor will find its application in studying acidic organelles in living cells.

接力识别Al^(3+)及F^(-)的偶氮类荧光探针合成与应用

以6-氨基间甲酚和1-萘酚为原料,合成了2-(2-羟基-4-甲基苯偶氮)-1-萘酚(探针NA-M),通过^(1)HNMR、^(13)CNMR、FTIR、HRMS表征了其结构。测试了探针NA-M对Al^(3+)的选择性识别性能及其与Al^(3+)形成的络合物(NA-M+Al^(3+))对F^(-)的选择性识别性能,推测了探针NA-M与Al^(3+)和F^(-)间的作用机制。考察了探针NA-M在实际样品中的应用。结果表明,在pH=7.4、V(甲醇)∶V(N-2-羟乙基哌嗪-N'-2-乙磺酸)=9∶1的溶剂中,探针NA-M与Al^(3+)在590 nm处发生显著的荧光增强作用,并对Al^(3+)的识别表现出高选择性、抗金属离子干扰性和良好的灵敏度(检测限为8.4×10^(-7)mol/L),Al^(3+)与探针NA-M形成了配位比为1∶2的NA-M+Al^(3+);NA-M+Al^(3+)在F^(-)加入后发生显著的荧光猝灭现象,F^(-)可以捕获NA-M+Al^(3+)中的Al^(3+),从而引起荧光变化。NA-M+Al^(3+)对F^(-)的识别也显示出高选择性和良好的抗其他阴离子干扰能力和灵敏度(检测限为9.5×10^(-7)mol/L);在体系pH为5~10时,探针NA-M识别Al^(3+)及F^(-)表现出良好的效果,交替加入Al^(3+)和F^(-)可引起其荧光强度的可逆变化,探针NA-M可以通过荧光信号的“关-开-关”转变,用于接力识别Al^(3+)和F^(-)。在实际样品的检测中,Al^(3+)的回收率在98.8%~107.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.6%~4.3%;F^(-)的回收率为97.8%~101.4%,RSD为1.4%~2.3%。

氮掺杂Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene量子点荧光探针用于α-葡萄糖苷酶活性检测

α-葡萄糖苷酶是生物体糖代谢途径中不可或缺的一类酶,发展简单、灵敏、准确的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性检测及抑制剂筛选方法对于糖尿病的治疗与预防具有重要意义。该文基于氮掺杂Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene量子点(NTi_(3)C_(2)MQDs)荧光探针和内滤效应(IFE),构建了一种“开-关-开”型荧光传感α-葡萄糖苷酶活性检测及抑制剂筛选的新方法。研究发现,N-Ti_(3)C_(2)MQDs发射蓝色荧光(λem=440 nm),荧光量子产率为15.7%。其检测机理为:α-葡萄糖苷酶水解底物对硝基苯基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,水解产物对硝基苯酚通过内滤效应导致NTi_(3)C_(2)MQDs荧光猝灭;而抑制剂阿卡波糖可使α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性受到抑制,水解产物减少,N-Ti_(3)C_(2)MQDs荧光恢复。结果显示,N-Ti3C2 MQDs探针荧光强度与α-葡萄糖苷酶浓度在5~300 U/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为2.5 U/L(S/N=3),对阿卡波糖的半最大抑制浓度(IC_(50))为178.5μmol/L。该方法具有成本低、操作简单、灵敏度高、选择性好等特点,已成功用于人血清中α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的测定。

LiLu(MoO_(4))_(2):Eu^(3+)的制备及其对Fe^(3+)离子的荧光检测研究

Fe^(3+)在生命过程中扮演着重要的角色,开发一种能够快速定量检测Fe^(3+)离子的荧光探针有着重要意义。采用溶胶-凝胶法成功制备了四方相白钨矿结构的LiLu(MoO_(4))_(2):Eu^(3+)荧光粉,粒径为1~2μm;通过荧光光谱研究了所得荧光粉的光学性质,确定了Eu^(3+)的最佳发光掺杂摩尔浓度为15%。所得LiLu(MoO_(4))_(2):15%Eu^(3+)对Fe^(3+)离子的检测下限为14.4μmol/L,并且具有高选择性和抗干扰性。

一种新型Al^(3+)荧光探针的合成及与DNA的相互作用

以2-羟基-1-萘甲醛、邻氨基苯甲醛为原料,设计合成了一种新型Schiff碱Al^(3+)荧光探针S,并通过1HNMR、^(13)CNMR、ESI-MS、IR对探针S进行结构表征。光谱实验结果表明,探针S在DMSO∶H_(2)O=4∶1(V/V)体系中,对Al^(3+)有良好的荧光和裸眼识别。Al^(3+)浓度在2.0~50μmol/L范围内,体系荧光强度呈现出良好的线性关系,检出限为0.033μmol/L,探针S与Al^(3+)形成1∶1的配合物。通过荧光光谱研究了荧光探针S-Al^(3+)配合物与DNA的相互作用,实验结果表明,探针S-Al^(3+)配合物对DNA的猝灭过程为动态猝灭,同时对不同温度下相互作用的结合点常数、结合位点数及热力学参数进行了计算,推断二者作用力的类型为疏水作用,作用方式为嵌插作用。

基于罗丹明B类荧光探针的设计以及对Al^(3+)检测

印染废水中过高浓度的Al^(3+)不仅会破坏生态环境,而且还将危害人类健康。因此,对印染废水中Al^(3+)浓度的精准检测具有十分重要的研究意义。本文以罗丹明B、乙二胺和4-甲酰基-3-羟基苯甲酸为原料,合成了新型荧光探针RhB-AC,并利用高分辨质谱(HRMS)及核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)对探针RhB-AC的分子结构进行了表征。探针RhB-AC在水中,由于光诱导的电子转移(Photoinduced electron transfer,PET)效应,其荧光发生猝灭。当与Al^(3+)作用后,PET效应被抑制,探针表现出很强的青绿色荧光。另外,该探针对Al^(3+)检测的速度快(3秒以内)、选择性好、灵敏度高(检测限为16 nM)。最后,该探针还能快速、定量检测实际印染废水中的Al^(3+)浓度。