Research on Training Needs,Training Transfer,and Training Effectiveness of In-Service Teachers in Local Normal Colleges

This study aims to understand the in-service training needs,training transfer,and training effectiveness of teachers in local normal universities in China,while also proposing a continuous professional development plan for teachers.Descriptive research methods were employed,with questionnaires serving as the primary data collection tool.The survey revealed that the educational background of teachers in local normal universities is characterized by an unreasonable distribution of academic qualifications,with a shortage of teachers holding postgraduate and higher degrees.Additionally,the training effectiveness for female teachers was found to be lower than that of male teachers.There is a lack of personalization in training needs,which tends to be more generalized.The transfer effect of training is moderate,and there is a need for further enhancement at the behavioral level of training effectiveness.A continuous professional development plan for teachers has been formulated to improve training effectiveness and promote professional development.

The Role of Secondary School Teacher Training in Their Teaching Practices-A Secondary Publication

This work aims to analyze the effect exerted by the initial and continuous training of secondary school teachers in France on their teaching practices.For this,we carried out a secondary analysis of data from the TALIS survey(Teaching and Learning International Survey),conducted in 2013 in 34 countries,including France.In particular,we focus on practices related to the teaching methods used,classroom management,how to communicate,and the evaluative practices of teachers.In support of binary logistic regression models,we showed that the variables related to initial training play a weak role,and even exert a negative effect on certain pedagogic practices,leading to a reflection on the renovation of this training.On the other hand,our analyses highlighted the greater weight played by certain continuing education actions.

Teacher Training and Strategic Management in Chinese Universities

This study adopts a descriptive research method to comprehensively and deeply investigate the current situation of teacher training and the implementation of strategic management in Chinese colleges and universities.Through the collection and analysis of relevant literature,combined with fieldwork and interviews,it reveals the intrinsic connection and influence mechanism between the two.In the investigation of the relationship between teacher training and strategic management in Chinese universities,the participants comprise teachers from three universities in China.The findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for optimizing the training system of college and university teachers and enhancing the efficacy of strategic management.

An Interview-Based Study of the Factors Influencing the Quality of Professional Training of Science Education Graduates

The proposal of the strategy of developing the country through science education has clarified China’s demand for the development of the science and education industry and the cultivation of science and education talents,and the birth of Science Education majors is an important link in the cultivation of scientific literacy.Based on the grounded theory,we interviewed three Science Education graduates from a university and coded the interview data by using NVivo 12.0 to find eight important factors affecting their professional training and employment choices.The factors are“social factors,”“individual career choice factors,”“campus resources,”“employment advantages,”“professional self-development,”“teacher factors,”“planning for further education and employment,”and“student motivation.”This study analyzes the interaction between the influencing factors,constructs a theoretical model of the influencing factors of the quality of Science Education professional training,explores the problems of the training process of Science Education majors and employment dilemmas,and puts forward corresponding suggestions.

Analysis of the Feedback on Teacher Training in an Affiliated Hospital in Shaanxi Province

Objective:This article aims to deeply analyze the feedback on teacher training in an affiliated hospital,so as to clarify the current needs and situation of teacher training and provide a scientific basis for further optimizing the teacher training system.Methods:The current situation and needs of teacher training in the affiliated hospital were collected by designing and distributing Tomato Form questionnaires on the DingTalk platform.The questionnaire adopted a percent-point system,all of which were indeterminate multiple-choice questions.Results:The average age of the clinical teachers participating in the survey was 40.44±7.85 years old,with an average teaching length of 4–10 years.The results showed that 60.20%of teachers think that the amount of teacher training in an affiliated hospital is sufficient;91.10%of teachers think that the factors affecting training conflict with working hours;97.96%of teachers believe that the training time has an impact on the training effect;81.63%of teachers prefer online training;51.53%of teachers tend to arrange training time on working days;33.16%of teachers tend to train once a month;17.78%of teachers prefer to receive training on clinical theoretical courses and practical teaching norms and skills content.Conclusion:Based on the above survey results,we propose to build a comprehensive management mechanism for teacher training,including improving the access,training,and assessment mechanism for clinical teachers,and adjusting and optimizing the training program according to actual needs.At the same time,an effective communication platform should be built to promote the deep integration of teaching and practice and enhance social recognition,so as to comprehensively improve the teaching quality and medical service of the hospital.

LDAS&ET-AD:Learnable Distillation Attack Strategies and Evolvable Teachers Adversarial Distillation

Adversarial distillation(AD)has emerged as a potential solution to tackle the challenging optimization problem of loss with hard labels in adversarial training.However,fixed sample-agnostic and student-egocentric attack strategies are unsuitable for distillation.Additionally,the reliability of guidance from static teachers diminishes as target models become more robust.This paper proposes an AD method called Learnable Distillation Attack Strategies and Evolvable Teachers Adversarial Distillation(LDAS&ET-AD).Firstly,a learnable distillation attack strategies generating mechanism is developed to automatically generate sample-dependent attack strategies tailored for distillation.A strategy model is introduced to produce attack strategies that enable adversarial examples(AEs)to be created in areas where the target model significantly diverges from the teachers by competing with the target model in minimizing or maximizing the AD loss.Secondly,a teacher evolution strategy is introduced to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of knowledge in improving the generalization performance of the target model.By calculating the experimentally updated target model’s validation performance on both clean samples and AEs,the impact of distillation from each training sample and AE on the target model’s generalization and robustness abilities is assessed to serve as feedback to fine-tune standard and robust teachers accordingly.Experiments evaluate the performance of LDAS&ET-AD against different adversarial attacks on the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a robust precision of 45.39%and 42.63%against AutoAttack(AA)on the CIFAR-10 dataset for ResNet-18 and MobileNet-V2,respectively,marking an improvement of 2.31%and 3.49%over the baseline method.In comparison to state-of-the-art adversarial defense techniques,our method surpasses Introspective Adversarial Distillation,the top-performing method in terms of robustness under AA attack for the CIFAR-10 dataset,with enhancements of 1.40%and 1.43%for ResNet-18 and MobileNet-V2,respectively.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method in enhancing the robustness of deep learning networks(DNNs)against prevalent adversarial attacks when compared to other competing methods.In conclusion,LDAS&ET-AD provides reliable and informative soft labels to one of the most promising defense methods,AT,alleviating the limitations of untrusted teachers and unsuitable AEs in existing AD techniques.We hope this paper promotes the development of DNNs in real-world trust-sensitive fields and helps ensure a more secure and dependable future for artificial intelligence systems.

Research on Innovative Training of Localized STEM Teachers Grounded in Shared Commitment

The high-quality development of a country driven by talent necessitates comprehensive and practical STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)education.The goal of localizing STEM education is to cultivate comprehensive innovative technology talents that meet the needs of the new era.STEM teachers play a core role in this concept,and the quality of teacher training directly determines the development trend of STEM education and the quality of future talents in the country.Therefore,based on the current situation and existing problems in STEM teacher training,the shared commitment to“high-quality STEM teacher training”is employed as a guiding principle,highlighting the role of various elements in the STEM teacher training process.The practical path for STEM teacher training is proposed from four aspects:top-level design goal orientation,resource integration to solve supply imbalance,curriculum construction to improve the teaching system,and sustainable development to enhance professional ability.This study hopes to provide guidelines for innovative training of localized STEM teachers in China.

From Mutual Creation to Mutual Benefit:China’s National Teacher Training Program between Higher Teacher Education and K-12 Teachers

Sustainable Development Goal(SDG 4)lays solid theoretical foundation for the development of higher teacher education in improving the quality of teaching faculty nationwide.Sustainable teacher training paves a way for teacher professional development in the long run.China’s“National Teacher Training Program”serves a connection between higher teacher education and K-12 teachers in multiple perspectives when exploring K-12 teachers’improvement of the essence by upgrading the initiative of the program with the assistance of educational technology and modern educational philosophy from mutual creation to mutual benefit.Direction orientation strategic design based on demand for teaching faculty,curriculum setting in modules,and characteristics creation have been carried out to upgrade the training of teacher colleges and National Teacher Training Program in the future for achieving a win-win situation between higher teacher education and K-12 education.

专业素养视域下卓越教师的培养路径探索--以化学学科为例

人才的创新直接影响着国家教育事业的发展,尤其是对卓越教师的培养,直接影响着我国师范教育的进步。教师专业素养的提升是教师可持续发展的关键,也是教育改革成败的关键。教师的专业素养发展是一项系统过程,每一位教师都应自觉不断提升自我能力以适应新形势下的要求。该文从卓越化学学科教师专业素养培养的必要性出发,以卓越化学教师专业素养的内涵为基础,从专业知识、实验技能、专业情感和教育教学能力方面提出卓越化学教师专业素养培养的新要求,并对培养途径进行思考与研究。

Critically Evaluate Foreign Language Teachers Training in Culture and Intercultural Communication

The aim of foreign language teaching in the contemporary is to develop foreign language talents who own intercultural competence.Thus,it is necessary to improve teachers’cultural quality and intercultural awareness.The paper explores some relevant training courses on culture and intercultural awareness,and discusses the deficiency of these courses.

“国优计划”实施中的组织跨界行动及其优化策略--基于活动理论的视角

2023年7月,我国出台《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》,要求实施“国家优秀中小学教师培养计划”(简称“国优计划”)。“国优计划”在建设教育强国的背景下应运而生,旨在发挥参与实施“国优计划”的高校在师资、生源等多方面的优势,培养研究生层次高素质中小学教师。从计划实施的情况来看,如何协调高校内部不同院系和学科的力量,推动不同组织开展跨界联合培养“国优计划”研究生,是其中一个重要议题。本研究基于活动理论的视角,建立“国优计划”研究生跨界培养系统模型,分析该计划的实施及其交互活动系统的复杂结构与动态发展,探寻“国优计划”实施中的组织跨界行动优化策略。不同院系跨界开展“国优计划”研究生联合培养项目的关键在于:一是要从活动理论的逻辑起点出发,以培养“学科教学素养”这一潜在的共享目标为切入点,促进不同主体对跨界联合培养高素质中小学教师达成一致认识;二是要建设联合培养项目的配套制度,促进中介工具融合和创新、抓好规则与分工的落实;三是要在共同体稳定与拓展上持续发力,既要在已有共同体内建立更多通路以加深共同体的稳定联系,又要根据不断变化的现实需要灵活拓展共同体边界。

培训活动能促进幼儿园教师专业发展吗?--一项来自新疆地区的调查实证研究

文章验证并采用幼儿园教师专业发展评价量表,以探讨教师培训是否有助于幼儿园教师的专业发展。首先,利用分层整群抽样法在新疆招募了734名幼儿园教师进行调查。其次,幼儿园教师专业发展评价量表的心理测量特性分为三个维度:专业理念与师德、专业能力和专业知识,并采用项目分析、探索性因素分析和确认性因素分析对其分析。最后,研究结果表明,教师培训对专业知识贡献最大,对专业理念与师德贡献最小。层次回归分析表明,年龄、民族、教师职称、教学经验和教育背景是教师专业发展的重要影响因素。

The ＂Competent Literary＂ Teacher： The New Perspectives of Initial Teacher Training

The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the various knowledge, competences, and dispositions the shape its legacy, the literary competence becomes the main turning point between pedagogical knowledge and specialized knowledge, between core and characterizing disciplines. The literary competence lives in the intersection between different kinds of competence （linguistic competence, communication competence, reading competence, writing competences, interpretive competence, discursive competence, cultural competence, cross-cultural competence, pragmatic and strategic competence and social competence）. The approach offers a framework for pedagogy of the literary competence in the teacher training as substantial experience and expertise able to increase the professional repertoire of teachers in training fields. This paper provides food for thought for enrichment and enhancement of the literary competence and its use in teaching.

师范生U-G-S培养模式实践探索与路径优化——基于“优师计划”背景

师范生U-G-S培养模式实践已取得诸多成效,如多方配合助力师范生培养,促进区域均衡,提升基层教学水平等。但师范生U-G-S培养模式在实践中也存在突出问题,如高校一方主导、其他方参与度低,难以高效协同,培育方案与实际岗位需求存在适配偏差等。剖析“优师计划”对优化师范生U-G-S培养模式的启发,探索以当地政府为统筹、师范院校为关键、中小学校为导向、师范生为主体的“四位一体”优化路径,有助于提高师范生培育成效。

Training of Multi-layered Neural Network for Data Enlargement Processing Using an Activity Function

In this paper, we present a study on activity functions for an MLNN (multi-layered neural network) and propose a suitable activity function for data enlargement processing. We have carefully studied the training performance of Sigmoid, ReLu, Leaky-ReLu and L & exp. activity functions for few inputs to multiple output training patterns. Our MLNNs model has L hidden layers with two or three inputs to four or six outputs data variations by BP (backpropagation) NN (neural network) training. We focused on the multi teacher training signals to investigate and evaluate the training performance in MLNNs to select the best and good activity function for data enlargement and hence could be applicable for image and signal processing (synaptic divergence) along with the proposed methods with convolution networks. We specifically used four activity functions from which we found out that L & exp. activity function can suite DENN (data enlargement neural network) training since it could give the highest percentage training abilities compared to the other activity functions of Sigmoid, ReLu and Leaky-ReLu during simulation and training of data in the network. And finally, we recommend L & exp. function to be good for MLNNs and may be applicable for signal processing of data and information enlargement because of its performance training characteristics with multiple teacher training patterns using original generated data and hence can be tried with CNN (convolution neural networks) of image processing.

Training Teachers for Extensive Reading Programmes

It has been suggested that the success of an ER project can largely rely on several elements,such as the selection of appropriate materials,establishment of management system,workshop for training teachers. Among those,teachers play an indispensable role due to the fact that it is the teachers who are capable of turning conceptions into actions,who get students engaged and bridge and gap between the goals of the programme and the reality in classroom. This paper is an attempt to outline a detailed picture to demonstrate how to offer effective training courses which can enable teachers to play"multiple roles"to make great contribution to the development of an ER project.

A Literature Review of Chinese Kindergarten Teacher Training

Education plays a significant role in the development of Chinese society. Early childhood education, as a foundation of education, has a profound influence on Chinese children's growth process.

混合研修对中小学教师教学能力影响因素研究--基于PAST视域的探析

混合式研修活动已成为新时代提升教师专业素养和核心能力的重要途径。基于PAST理论,从教学法设计、研修空间、研修评价和技术支持四维度,探讨中小学教师在混合研修活动中信息化教学能力提升的影响因素,并构建结构方程模型,采用最大似然法、多群组分析等方法对数据进行分析与验证。研究发现,PAST四维度是影响教师参与混合研修的关键因素,其中教学法设计(0.411)与研修空间(0.234)影响较大;性别和任教年资在教师参与混合研修中发挥着重要的调节作用。基于此,研究提出构建“点一面一体”相结合的研修空间结构、创新设计AI支持下的混合研修模式、建立“线上+线下”混合研修协同管理机制等建议,以期为促进教师专业发展提供借鉴。

The Effect of Life Skills Training on the Mental Health and Level of Resilience among Teachers of Normal Students and Teachers of Exceptional Students in Zahedan

This is an experimental study conducted on two groups of control and experimental using pretestposttest design, applying psychological intervention on the study sample. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of collective education life skills on mental health and resilience of teachers in Zahedan. The population of the study included all teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students in Zahedan, among which 60 teachers at normal schools and 20 teachers at exceptional schools were selected and placed in two groups of experimental and control, respectively. Initially, members of the experimental group were taught 10 basic life skills in 10 2-hour sessions. Mental health and resilience questionnaires were distributed and gathered before and after the training sessions. Results indicated the positive effect of life skills training on mental health of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the lower their mental health scores would be. Results also indicated the positive effect of life skills training on resilience of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the higher their resilience scores would be.

The Significance of Students＇ Personal Narratives in Teacher Training

Recognizing the importance of personal narratives in general and in the field of teacher training in particular this paper first presents a review of research in the field, offers several definitions and theories of analysis, and then provides readers with the personal narratives and the analyses of three fourth-year students in the Department of English at a College for Teacher Training. The goal is to find out, learn, and make use of the voices, attitudes, experiences, visions, successes, failures, hopes, and frustrations of students engaged in teacher education. The conclusion asserts the necessity of adopting a model of training which is based on students＇ personal narratives--one which encourages and strengthens partnership between students cooperating teachers, and academics