Empirical study of transpedicular screw placement assisted by digital navigation templates in the thoracic spines

Objective To investigate the accuracy and feasibility of transpedicular screw placement assisted by the navigation templates in cadaveric thoracic spines.Methods Twenty thoracic cadavers specimens were randomly divided into two

Recent Progress of Fabrication,Characterization,and Applications of Anodic Aluminum Oxide(AAO)Membrane:A Review

The progress of membrane technology with the development of membranes with controlled parameters led to porous membranes.These membranes can be formed using different methods and have numerous applications in science and technology.Anodization of aluminum in this aspect is an electro-synthetic process that changes the surface of the metal through oxidation to deliver an anodic oxide layer.This process results in a self-coordinated,exceptional cluster of round and hollow formed pores with controllable pore widths,periodicity,and thickness.Categorization in barrier type and porous type films,and different methods for the preparation of membranes,have been discussed.After the initial introduction,the paper proceeds with a brief overview of anodizing process.That engages anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)layers to be used as formats in various nanotechnology applications without the necessity for expensive lithographical systems.This review article surveys the current status of the investigation on AAO membranes.A comprehensive analysis is performed on AAO membranes in applications;filtration,sensors,drug delivery,template-assisted growth of various nanostructures.Their multiple usages in nanotechnology have also been discussed to gather nanomaterials and devices or unite theminto specific applications,such as nano-electronic gadgets,channel layers,and clinical platforms tissue designing.From this review,the fact that the specified enhancement of properties of AAO can be done by varying geometric parameters of AAO has been highlighted.No review paper focused on a detailed discussion of multiple applications of AAO with prospects and challenges.Also,it is a challenge for the research community to compare results reported in the literature.This paper provides tables for easy comparison of reported applications with membrane parameters.This review paper represents the formation,properties,applications with objective consideration of the prospects and challenges of AAO applications.The prospects may appeal to researchers to promote the development of unique membranes with functionalization and controlled geometric parameters and check the feasibility of the AAO membranes in nanotechnology and devices.

CT guidance ^(125)I seed implantation for pelvic recurrent rectal cancer assisted by 3D printing individual non-coplanar template

Objective To analyze the difference of dosimetric parameters between pre-plan and post-plan of 125I radioactive seed implantation assisted by 3D printing individual non-coplanar template（3D printing template）for locally recurrent rectal cancer（LRRC）.Methods From February 2016 to April 2016,a total of 10 patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer received 125I seeds implan-

HCl guided morphology and conductivity of chiral PPy nanostructures toward efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

To solve the severe electromagnetic(EM)radiation from the widespread application of electronic equipment,we developed a simple template-guided oxypolymerization strategy to synthesize polypyrrole(PPy)planar helixes as an efficient EM wave(EMW)absorber,and systematically investigated the morphology-dependent chirality,conductivity,and microwave absorption properties.As HCl concentration[HCl]varied from 0 to 2.0 M,the morphology evolved from planar helix to 3D cross-linking network structures,the conductivity increased from 0.0019 to 0.0302 S/cm,and the EM parameters peaked at[HCl]=0.5 M.Compared to other absorbers,the PPy planar helix formed at[HCl]=0 M possessed wider absorption band(5.84 GHz),smaller matching thickness(1.6 mm),lower loading(25 wt.%),and intenser absorption(-48.17 dB).The reason lies in the strong attenuation capability,multiple resonances,multiple scattering,and good impedance matching generated by chiral PPy planar helixes with a distinctive helical configuration,doped heteroatoms(O,S),and a local conductive network.Our results suggest that PPy planar helixes offer great promise for fields such as chiral sensors,electronics,optics,chiral catalysis,and EMW absorption and shielding due to their distinctive morphology,tunable conductivity,and outstanding EMW absorption properties(EMWAPs).