Modified surface tension model for free surface flow with single-phase lattice Boltzmann method

A single-phase lattice Boltzmann model with modified surface tension is developed in this paper to solve the problem of high-density-ratio free surface flow.The computational efficiency and accuracy are both enhanced.The restriction to the relaxation factor （which needs to be smaller than 1） is circumvented by the new surface tension algebra,due to its rational physical nature compared with the treatment of Xing,Buther and Yang in their paper （Comp.Mater.Sci.,2007,39（2）：282-290）.The proposed stable surface tension scheme is applied to simulate the free deformation of a square droplet with surface tension effect and the process of a droplet impinging on a liquid film.The numerical solution for free deformation of a droplet agrees well with thermodynamic principles,and also achieves high accuracy in comparison with Xing,et al.＇s model.Three typical impinging modes are successfully obtained with the new scheme,and another particular mode found by Wang and Chen is also successfully simulated.The evolutions of liquid crown agree well with the power law related to time.

Urethral complications after tension-free vaginal tape procedures:A surgical management case series

AIM:To analyze the clinical features,diagnostic modalities,and the surgical management of urethral complications after tension-free vaginal tape procedures.METHODS:This study encompasses a retrospective review of nine patients presented with urethral complications after midurethral sling procedures.The patients underwent the procedures during a period from 1999 to 2012 in three different regional hospitals in the southwest part of Sweden.The time from sling placement to diagnosis,the risk factors,clinical features,diagnosis,surgical management,and functional outcome are presented.The presenting symptoms were described as either early onset(< 12 mo) or late onset(> 12 mo) according to when they were first reported.RESul TS:Eight cases of urethral erosion and one case of bladder-neck erosion were detected.The mean interval for diagnoses of the erosions ranged from 3 mo to 11 years.The most common presenting symptoms included de novo urgency with or without incontinence(7/9 patients),urinary retention/voiding dysfunction(4/9 patients),urethritis(4/9 patients),relapse of stress-incontinence(3/9 patients),recurrent urinary tract infections(5/9 patients),and hematuria(1/9 patient).In most cases,voiding dysfunction and urethritis occurred early after the operation.The surgical management applied in most cases was transurethral resection of the intraurethral part of the mesh.The removal of the intraurethral mesh resulted in improvement or complete cure of urgency symptomsin 5/7 patients with urgency.Four patients were reoperated with a new stress-incontinence surgery,one with laparoscopic Burch,and three with retropubic tension-free vaginal tape procedures.COn Clu SIOn:Urethral complications should be suspected in the case of de novo urgency and relapse of stressincontinence.Transurethral excision of the intraurethral mesh is the recommended treatment.

纳米颗粒间相互作用对油-水界面张力的影响机制

为了研究油-水界面上纳米颗粒的动态吸附过程及其对界面张力的影响,采用耗散粒子动力学模拟方法,建立纳米颗粒在油-水界面物理模型,研究单颗粒的吸附动力学过程及多颗粒相互作用对界面张力的影响机制。结果表明:单颗粒在油-水界面的吸附分为自由扩散、界面吸附、动态平衡3个阶段;单颗粒吸附过程自由能变化远大于颗粒的动能,颗粒吸附可自发、快速进行,且吸附后能稳定在界面上;多颗粒间的相互作用力随颗粒间距离的增大而振荡衰减,这是由颗粒间的溶剂粒子所产生的溶剂化效应所致;当颗粒间相互作用为引力时,界面张力增大,当颗粒间相互作用为斥力时,界面张力减小。

POSTOPERATIVE EVALUATION OF TENSION-FREE VAGINAL TAPE PROCEDURE

Objective To study the outcome of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women with cystocele. Methods Forty-two patients with SUI confirmed by urodynamics underwent the TVT procedure under local anesthesia. A prolapse repair was done simultaneously. Results Mean TVT operation time was 26.29 minutes. Mean blood loss was 29.86 mL. Eighty-eight percent of the patients were able to micturate spontaneously within 12 hours and residual urine was less than 100 mL. And 12% of the patients had to use indwelling catheter for 3-11 days. Average hospital stay was 2.91 days. Eighty-eight percent of patients were discharged within 2 days. All patients were followed up (an average of 10.26 months). According to subjective and objective assessment of the outcome, 39 patients (93%) were cured, another 3 patients (7%) were significantly improved and none was failed. There were no major complications such as bladder injury occurred. Conclusion TVT procedure is a minimal invasive, effective, and safe surgery for treatment of SUI.

经会阴超声在压力性尿失禁患者TVT-O术后疗效评估中的应用

目的 评价经会阴二维联合三维及四维超声在压力性尿失禁(SUI)患者经闭孔无张力尿道中段悬吊术(TVT-O)中的作用,分析导致不同转归的原因.方法 回顾性分析40例SUI患者TVT-O术后3~30个月盆底超声声像图,根据临床症状将其分为有效组(n=33)和无效组(n=7),比较两组在静息状态及Valsalva状态下吊带运行的轨迹、形态及位置.结果 静息状态下所有患者吊带均位于尿道后方,Valsalva状态下有效组中28例吊带两侧臂对称,3例出现吊带折叠,2例吊带紧贴尿道,吊带运行的轨迹与尿道的位置改变保持一致,无效组7例出现吊带位置异常,吊带远离尿道,2例伴有吊带两侧臂不对称,1例伴有吊带折叠,吊带运行的轨迹与尿道的位置改变不一致.静息及Valsalva状态下,有效组与无效组吊带距耻骨联合后下缘距离、吊带距尿道中点距离及吊带成角差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).但吊带距膀胱颈距离、尿道长度有效组与无效组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 经会阴超声可动态观察SUI患者TVT-O术后转归,并有助于分析产生不同临床症状的原因.

基于F-B NCP函数的可行QP-free算法

本文得到一种可行QP-free算法,引入ε-有效集策略使得每次迭代只需求解规模较小的线性方程组得到迭代方向,且方程组只包含工作集中的约束,其规模较原问题大大减小,同时不进行弧搜索,从而降低了运算量.

TAPP对腹股沟疝患者疼痛程度及Cor、TIMP-2的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜经腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术(TAPP)对腹股沟疝患者疼痛程度及皮质醇(Cor)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制物-2(TIMP-2)的影响。方法:选取2017年1月—2022年12月常熟市第五人民医院收治的102例腹股沟疝患者。根据随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各51例。对照组给予传统腹股沟疝无张力修补术,观察组给予TAPP。比较两组围手术期指标,术后1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h疼痛程度,术前、术后24 h相关指标及并发症。结果:观察组术中出血量少于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分组间、时间、交互比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与术后1 h比较,两组术后6 h、12 h VAS评分升高,对照组术后24 h VAS评分升高;与术后6 h比较,两组术后12 h、24 h VAS评分降低,与术后12 h比较,两组术后24 h VAS评分降低,观察组术后6 h、12 h、24 h VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,两组Cor水平升高,TIMP-2水平降低,观察组TIMP-2、Cor水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与传统腹股沟疝无张力修补术比较,TAPP治疗腹股沟疝可减少术中出血量,缩短住院时间,缓解患者的疼痛感,调节Cor、TIMP-2水平,并且降低患者术后并发症发生率。

Numerical study of three-dimensional free surface dynamics

The dynamic problem of three-dimensional free surface is numerically studied in this paper. The ALE （Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler） kinematic description is introduced into the control equation system. The ALE description method is used to track free surface. Accurate formulations for calculating the normal vector on the free surface are presented. The discrete numerical equations by finite element method are developed by Galerkin weighted residual method. The boundary condition about free-surface tension is represented in the form of weak integration that can be computed by a differential geometry method derived in the present paper. The effect of contact angle is incorporated in the numerical algorithm. Furthermore, the numerical computations are performed and the comparison between computational and analytical results validated the effectiveness of the method. The results of this paper provide a fundamental understandings of the dynamics of liquid free surfaces, in which the surface tension and contact angle boundary conditions are taken into account. Finally, numerical simulation of largescale amplitude sloshing of liquid in a cylindrical container is performed and a numerical analysis of the effect of an annular ring-shaped rigid damping baffle on liquid sloshing oscillations in a cylindrical tank is also carried out.

Lichtenstein、TEP及TAPP对成人腹股沟疝患者术后VAS评分及CRP、IL-6和TNF-α水平的影响

目的探讨无张力疝修补术(Lichtenstein)、完全腹膜外疝修补术(TEP)及腹腔镜腹膜前疝修补术(TAPP)对成人腹股沟疝患者术后视觉模拟疼痛(VAS)及C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2020年12月于北京市平谷区医院进行治疗的158例成人腹股沟疝患者临床资料,依据手术方式不同分为A组(TEP)51例、B组(TAAP)53例及C组(Lichtenstein)54例。分析三组手术状况、住院时间及并发症发生率;比较术后即刻、术后24 h、术后7 d、术后1个月及术后3个月患者VAS评分;比较术前与术后7 d患者CRP、IL-6及TNF-α变化。结果A组、B组手术时间长于C组,术中出血量及住院时间均少于C组,术后即刻、术后24 h、术后7 d、术后1个月及术后3个月VAS评分均低于C组,术后7 d,CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平均低于C组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但A组与B组间手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、VAS评分、CRP、IL-6及TNF-α比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组并发症发生率分别为9.80%、5.66%及16.67%,三组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论较Lichtenstein术,腹腔镜下TEP、TAPP治疗能更有效降低患者术后VAS评分,促进CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平下降,可在临床推广应用。

Effect of Nd and La on surface tension and wettability of Sn-8Zn-3Bi solders

Maximum bubble pressure measurement was employed to evaluate surface tension of Sn-8Zn-3Bi- (00.15)Nd and Sn-8Zn-3Bi-(00.15)La solder melts. Wetting balance method was used to measure wetting force and wetting time on Cu substrate of the two group solders. The experimental results show that minute amount of Nd or La addition to Sn-8Zn-3Bi solder causes significant decrease of the surface tension of the solder melts at 200240℃ and Nd addition is more effective on reduction of surface tension than that of La. Nd or La addition has the effect on enhancing the wetting force of the solder melts on Cu substrate, which results from the decrease of interfacial tension between the solder melt and Cu substrate. The wetting force reaches the maximum when 0.1% Nd is added to the base alloy. The contact angle between Sn-8Zn-3Bi base solders and Cu substrate decreases with the addition of Nd or La and the minimum of the contact angle is obtained from the solder with 0.1% Nd addition.

Process for improving the ladle free- opening rate for high aluminum steel in continuous casting

Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.

Development of Debris-free Laser Plasma Sources for EUV Lithography in CIOMP

We have been developing debris-free laser plasma sources for EUV lithography since 1996. Two types of debris-free sources, such as cryogenic target and gas-puff target laser plasma sources, were designed and built up in CIOMP. EUV radiation spectra of the sources with a variety of targets have been obtained by different ways.

Oblique Wave-free Potentials for Water Waves in Constant Finite Depth

在这份报纸，与一致有限深度为水在水波浪的 linearised 理论构造倾斜的没有波浪的潜力的一个方法以一种系统的方式被介绍。水把免费表面或一个冰封面作为一个薄有弹性的盘子建模。为免费表面的盒子，表面紧张的效果可以被忽视或考虑。这里，没有波浪的潜力是修改 Helmholtz 方程的单个答案，有在在液体区域的一个点的奇特，他们很快在上面的表面和水区域和腐烂的底部满足条件离开奇特的点。这些在获得解决方案到与象长水平的柱体那样的圆形的剖面图包含身体的倾斜的水波浪问题是有用的沉没或在有作为一块漂浮的橡皮建模的免费表面或一个冰封面的一致有限深度的水里沉浸一半板。最后，与这里构造的没有波浪的潜力有关的上面的表面的形式在很多个数字图形地被描绘设想波浪运动。非倾斜的没有波浪的潜力和上面的表面的结果没有波浪的潜力被获得。这里构造的没有波浪的潜力将在水里在包含无穷地长水平的柱体的水波浪问题的数学学习是有用的、也沉浸一半或完全沉浸。

Tension-reduced closure of large abdominal wall defect caused by shotgun wound:A case report

BACKGROUND Large abdominal wall defect(LAWD)caused by shotgun wound is rarely reported.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we describe a case of LAWD caused by a gunshot wound in which the abdominal wall was reconstructed in stages,including debridement,tensionreduced closure(TRC),and reconstruction with mesh and a free musculocutaneous flap.During a 3-year follow-up,the patient recovered well without hernia or other problems.CONCLUSION TRC is a practical approach for the temporary closure of LAWD,particularly in cases when one-stage abdominal wall restoration is unfeasible due to significant comorbidities.

EXACT SOLUTION FOR RECTANGULAR SLAB WITH THREE EDGES SIMPLY-SUPPORTED AND OTHER FREE

In this paper,we give all-sided pastic analysis of the rectangular slab with three edges simply-supported and other free.Here we discuss the following four cases:(1)The uniformly distributedload over the area a slab.(2).A concentrated load act at midpoint of free edges slab.(3)A concen-trated load act at the center a slab.(4)The line load act along free edge of slab.

Influence of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia

BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LPO)in lipoprotein particles.The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells.It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIM To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODS To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4.SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day.Tissue samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence method.Aconitate hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software.The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method.Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out using an amplifier ANK-32.RESULTS It was found that the mitochondrial-directed antioxidant elicits decrease of biochemiluminescence parameter values that increase by pathology as well as the levels of primary products of LPO,such as diene conjugates and carbonyl compounds,which indicate intensity of free radical oxidation.At the same time,the activity of AH,considered a crucial target of free radicals,which decreased during experimental hyperglycemia,increased.Apparently,increasing activity of AH influenced the speed of citrate utilization,whose concentration decreased after administering SkQ1 by pathology.Moreover,the previously applied antioxidant during hyperglycemia influenced the rate of antioxidant system mobilization.Thus,superoxide dismutase and catalase activity,as well as the level of gene transcript under influence of SkQ1 at pathology,were changing to the direction of control groups values.CONCLUSION According to the results of performed research,SkQ1 can be considered a promising addition to be included in antioxidant therapy of DM2.

High Strain Rate Induced Plasticity-increasing of Metallic Materials under Tension

The effect of strain rate on plasticity has been Investigat-ed for three metallic materials with dynamic tension tech-nique. A phenomenon of high strain induced plasticity -increasing was found for tested materials. The elongation of quenched 30CrMnSiNi2A is 14. 5% under 40 m/s loading rate which is more than two times of the 7 % un-der 0. 5 mm/min. This typic high strain rate induced plasticity - Increasing phenomenon is associated with adiabatic heating, strain twinning and suppression of strain - induced - phase transformation.

不同术式治疗腹股沟疝患者的效果

目的:比较腹腔镜经腹腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术(TAPP)、腹腔镜全腹腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术(TEP)与传统无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝患者的效果。方法:选取2021年3月至2023年1月该院收治的141例腹股沟疝患者进行前瞻性研究,依据随机数字表法将其分为传统组、腹腔镜A组、腹腔镜B组各47例。传统组行无张力疝修补术治疗,腹腔镜A组行TAPP治疗,腹腔镜B组行TEP治疗,比较三组围术期指标水平、术后疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分、手术前后应激指标水平[皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)]水平、术后1周内并发症发生率和随访3个月的复发率。结果:腹腔镜A、B组手术时间、肠道功能恢复时间均长于传统组,下床活动时间均短于传统组,术中失血量均少于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腹腔镜B组手术时间、下床活动时间均短于腹腔镜A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腹腔镜A、B组术中失血量、肠道功能恢复时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);腹腔镜A、B组术后1 d、3 d和1周VAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3d,三组血清ACTH、NE、Cor水平均高于术前1 d,但腹腔镜B组<腹腔镜A组<传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组并发症发生率、复发率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:TEP、TAPP治疗腹股沟疝患者下床活动时间均短于传统无张力疝修补术治疗,术中失血量均少于传统无张力疝修补术治疗;TEP治疗腹股沟疝患者的手术时间、下床活动时间均短于TAPP治疗,应激指标水平均低于TAPP治疗和传统无张力疝修补术治疗,三种术式各有利弊。

加强手术室护理干预对腹股沟斜疝患者无张力疝修补术麻醉苏醒期躁动的影响

目的:分析加强手术室护理干预对腹股沟斜疝患者无张力疝修补术麻醉苏醒期躁动的影响。方法:选取2021年3月—2023年3月滨州医学院附属医院收治的腹股沟斜疝患者78例为观察对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各39例。对照组接受常规手术室护理,观察组在对照组基础上进行加强手术室护理干预。比较两组苏醒期躁动发生率、意识恢复情况以及苏醒期血压、心率。结果:观察组苏醒期躁动发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.023);观察组苏醒时间、拔管时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组苏醒期收缩压、舒张压、心率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:加强手术室护理干预可预防腹股沟斜疝患者无张力疝修补术苏醒期躁动的发生,缩短患者麻醉苏醒时间,维持生命体征稳定。

TVT与TVT-O治疗女性压力性尿失禁的疗效和并发症比较

目的比较经阴道无张力尿道中段吊带术(TVT)和经闭孔无张力尿道中段吊带术(TVT-O)治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的临床疗效和并发症。方法将2009年2月—2010年2月205例女性SUI患者按随机分配表随机分组,102例采用TVT术式,103例采用TVT-O术式,比较临床疗效和并发症。结果 TVT组手术时间25～45 min,平均为(27.5±13.3)min;TVT-O组手术时间11～25 min,平均为(18.5±7.4)min,两组平均手术时间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术中出血量、平均留置尿管时间、平均住院时间和术后残余尿量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组共195例(95.1%)患者术后尿失禁得到控制,术后随访12～24个月无再次尿失禁发生。TVT组术中发生膀胱损伤者5例(4.9%),拔除导尿管后尿潴留2例(2.0%);TVT-O组拔除导尿管后尿潴留2例(2%),未发生膀胱损伤,术后大腿内侧疼痛3例(2.9%)。4例(3.8%)患者术后6个月内无尿失禁症状,12个月后出现中度的尿失禁症状,4例均较术前症状有所好转。结论 TVT与TVT-O两种术式治疗女性SUI疗效可靠,两种术式各有优缺点,TVT长期疗效优于TVT-O,但膀胱损伤概率较TVT-O高;TVT-O较TVT操作简单,手术创伤小,并发症少,但偶有大腿内侧疼痛,且重度SUI患者中期临床疗效略差于TVT。