Teaching Reform and Practice of Functional Experiment Based on the Cultivation of Excellent Medical Talents

In order to cultivate excellent clinical medical talents with a solid foundation, strong literacy, refined skills, excellent communication abilities, innovative thinking, and a strong focus on practicality, functional experiments have undergone a series of reforms in areas such as constructing new curriculum systems, improving teaching content, updating teaching equipment, introducing new teaching models, and enhancing teaching evaluation systems.

Exploration on Teaching Reform of Medical Functional Experimental Science for International Students

Medical Functional Experiment Science, a bridge between basic medicine and clinical medicine, integrates classical experimental teaching contents of three courses including physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. This course not only helps students to verify and reinforce theoretical knowledge, but also cultivates their capability of scientific thinking to discover and solve problems. Based on the characteristics of international students and current situation of the teaching platform in the laboratory at Yangtze University, this paper discusses a series of problems in the Medical Functional Experiment Science teaching for international students and puts forward some measures for teaching reform including optimizing experimental content, innovating experimental teaching methods and establishing effective experimental evaluation mode, in order to cultivate more international medical students with innovative ability.

Agriculture Development in Agriculture Oriented County Based on Territorial Function ——A Case Study of Long’an County in GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region

[Objective] The aim was to research development plan of major agriculture-oriented county （MAOA or MAOC hereafter） based on territorial function. [Method] The relationship between Major Function Oriented Zoning （MFOZ hereafter） and agricultural development is explored with the case of Long＇an County in Guangxi. [Result] In the research, agricultural function, featured by composition and diversification, is considered one of territorial function typs, contributed by ecology, land, industries and population. With Long＇an as a study case, it can be concluded that the plan of major agriculture-oriented counties is as follows： With guidance of territorial function, the counties should formulate the strategies of major function oriented zones, strive for more social and economic resources for agricultural development, extend agricultural functions, enhance the role of agricultural additional functions, strengthen ecological conservation, improve agricultural productivity and transportation, reinforce exchange of countryside with other regions. In addition, attention should be paid to reconstruction of population and industry pattern for redistribution on the basis of evaluation on bearing capacity of resources and environment. [Conclusion] In future, major agriculture oriented county should coordinate relationship among agriculture, industries, ecology and population with rational distribution of territorial function in county to guarantee stable and sustainable agricultural development.

Territorial suitability assessment and function zoning in the Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken area

An earthquake in the Jiuzhaigou area caused numerous secondary disasters, such as rolling stones, land collapse, landslides and debris flow, which badly affected the safety of human settlements and influenced the spatial layout of the post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, carrying out assessments of land and identifying a suitable zone for human habitats were very important. This research creates the territorial suitability assessment and function zoning conceptual model in the earthquake-stricken area, and the new methods of the territorial suitability evaluation system were used to divide the spatial functional zones of the earthquake stricken area, which provide a theoretical guidance and decisionmaking basis for the reconstruction of the disaster area. The results showed that:(1) The Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken area comprises of an ecological area that has a high level of importance to the ecosystem. In the earthquake-stricken area, 65% of national land is at an altitude of 3000-4000 m, and therefore not suitable for a high level of intensive reconstruction, but reconstructed in an eco-friendly manner.(2) The zone suitable for reconstruction comprises mainly of the river valley and the flat terrain of western parts. The land with low suitability is mainly located on steep terrain, such as highmountains and low gullies. The geographic and geomorphic conditions limit the spread of a suitable reconstruction zone.(3) The earthquake-stricken area mainly comprises of a tourism industry gathering area, population gathering area, agriculture and animal husbandry development area, and ecological preservation area with areas of 76 km^2, 44 km^2, 1591 km^2 and 7512 km^2, respectively. Scientifically zoning the reconstruction areas using scientific evaluation may provide guidance for the location of reconstruction sites.

Unpacking the‘supply-utilization-demand’interplay:Keys to multifunctional sustainability in rural China

Sustainable rural development is predicated on a delicate balance between rural territorial functions and eco-logical constraints.While various functions can catalyze economic growth in rural settings,aligning them with inherent ecological variables is essential.An exhaustive analysis of Beijing’s Pinggu District elucidated specific supply-demand thresholds and evaluated the adaptability of current utilization within these boundaries,culmi-nating in a novel optimization strategy.Notably,while locals place significant emphasis on production functions,the area’s topography and soil characteristics present palpable challenges to achieving these goals.We discov-ered that‘shackle type’predominantly characterize individual rural territorial functions,while‘diversified weak function optimization type’define multifunctional aspects,showcasing varied development paths and uncov-ering potential strategies for sustainable improvement.This study contributes a groundbreaking perspective to sustainable rural development,offering key insights and strategic recommendations for policy formulation.

Rural Development Evaluation from Territorial Function Angle:a Case of Shandong Province

Rural territorial function follows the trend to develop from agricultural production space to a complex of cultural heritage,food security,social stability,quality of living,etc.Based on the rural area＇s territorial function to both urban and rural areas and its evolution law,index system of rural development evaluation,covering rural production function,rural consumption function,regional sustaining function,and individual development function were constructed in this paper.Case study based on Shandong Province and entropy method showed that the rural development in Shandong Province was neither stable nor orderly,and some of rural territorial functions were under fluctuation.The simulation result was close to the actual situation in rural areas of Shandong Province,and therefore,it would provide some experience for scientific evaluation of rural development in other regions.In the end,policy suggestion to cope with rural function transition was provided,namely further promoting the rural economic development,and breaking away from various factors that restricted the value realization,natural increment,and equitable distribution of rural production factors,and therefore,it would receive a sustainable rural development.

Catalytic steam methane reforming enhanced by CO_2 capture on CaO based bi-functional compounds

Sorption enhanced steam methane reforming（SE-SMR） was performed to maximize hydrogen production and contemporary remove COfrom the product stream using bi-functional sorbent-catalyst compounds.Samples were tested at two different scales: micro and laboratory. The CaO amount varied in the CaO-CaAlOsorbent system synthesized by wet mixing(CaO content of 100 wt%, 56 wt%, 30 wt%, or 0 wt% and balance of CaAlO) which were upgraded to bi-functional compounds by impregnation of 3 wt% of Ni. Nitrogen adsorption（BET/BJH）, X-Ray Diffraction（XRD）, Temperature-Programmed Reduction（TPR） and Scanning and Transmission Electronic Microscopy（SEM and TEM, respectively） analyses were performed to characterize structural and textural properties and reducibility of the bi-functional materials and evaluate their catalytic behavior. A fixed sorbent composition CaO-CaAlO(56 wt% of CaO and CaAlObalance), was chosen to study the effect of different weight hourly space times（WHST） and CHstream compositions in SE-SMR activity. Impregnated mayenite at both micro and laboratory scales showed stable Hcontent of almost 74%, with CHconversion of 72% similarly to the values reported by the sample containing 30 wt% of CaO in the post-breakthrough.Sample with 30 wt% of CaO showed promisingly behavior, enhancing Hcontent up to almost 94.5%.When the sorption enhanced reaction is performed roughly 89% of CHconversion is achieved, and after the pre-breakthrough, the catalyst worked at the thermodynamic level. During cycling sorption/regeneration experiments, even if COremoval efficiency slightly decreases, CHconversion and Hyield remain stable.

Objective and Framework for Territorial Development in China

This paper analyzes the present situation of China's territorial development and holds that the spatial framework for socio-economic development can not be naturally extended under the present conditions. Hence it is necessary to strengthen rationally spatial agglomeration. The basic concept and framework for future territorial devel- opment are raised based on the elaboration of factors affecting the territorial development of China.

On the Government Function Orientation in China's Agricultural Management Reform

Since the reform and opening up,China's market-oriented agricultural management reform has achieved remarkable results,but the reform has not yet been put in place,and there are some flaws in some areas of reform.To deepen the reform of government's agricultural management reform under the new situation,it is necessary to further define the boundary between government and market on the basis of following the general rules of world's agricultural development and considering China's special situation of agriculture,nail down the scope of government functions,pinpoint the key areas of reform,and actively promote the rapid development of China's characteristic modern agriculture.

Problems and Countermeasures of Taihu Port Farm in Jingzhou City after Function Reform of Running the Society

Deepening function reform of running the society of state-owned farm is an important strategic plan made by the Party Central Committee and the State Council,and is also ' hard bone' bitten by fully implementing the strategy of rural revitalization and promoting the modernization of agriculture and countryside. In this paper,the problems of Taihu Port Farm in Jingzhou City after function reform of running the society are systematically and comprehensively analyzed via field research,and corresponding countermeasures are proposed. The research could provide beneficial reference and experience reference for deepening function reform of running the society of current state-owned farm.

Natural Monopoly and Mixed Ownership Reform--Based on Natural Experiment and Cost Function Analysis Method

Despite a multitude of theoretical discussions on China's mixed ownership reform, very few studies have addressed realistic questions concerning the implementation of the reform. The Resolutions of the Third Plenum of the 18 th CPC Central Committee and other reform strategies have outlined the reform of sectors with natural monopoly, including urban public utility sectors. The question is how mixed ownership reform should be carried out in sectors of natural monopoly, or which public utilities sectors should enjoy priority of mixed ownership reform. To answer this question, this paper employs data of large public utility enterprises in China from 1998 to 2008, and estimates the natural monopoly attribute at the industry level and corporate total factor productivity(TFP) using cost function analysis method excluding the impact of product price factor. Based on the difference-indifferences-in-differences(DDD) method of natural experiment, an empirical test is carried out for the relationship among natural monopoly, mixed ownership reform and corporate productivity. Our results suggest that:(1) Statistically, mixed ownership reform cannot significantly increase corporate TFP in sectors with natural monopoly;(2) mixed ownership reform should not be carried out indiscriminately on a nationwide basis and for all public utilities sectors. Such an attempt of reform without distinguishing natural monopoly and the level of competitiveness is fraught with policy uncertainties;(3) relative to sectors with natural monopoly, corporate productivity in competitive sectors after mixed ownership reform will improve more significantly and enjoy greater "policy dividends" of institutional reform. Therefore, mixed ownership reform should be carried out first in competitive sectors.

山东省地域功能类型识别与发展路径研究

文章通过构建地域功能评价指标体系,采用Arc GIS自然断裂点分级法,分析了2020年山东省90个县区农业生产、非农生产、社会保障和生态服务4类功能的空间格局特征,定量识别了主导功能类型。研究表明,(1)地域功能差异性和空间集聚性特征明显,非农生产与社会保障功能在空间分布上具有相似性,东部沿海和胶济沿线地区的两类功能指数较高,农业生产功能较高的区域集中在省会经济圈的西北部和鲁南经济圈的西部地区,胶东丘陵地区、泰鲁沂山地丘陵地区以及沿黄河和运河地区的生态服务功能较高。(2)地域功能类型可以分为7类,不同类型县区发展路径不一。农业生产主导、弱综合型县区是重要的农业生产地区;非农生产主导、强综合型、非农生产-社会保障型县区是县域经济发展的重点地区;生态服务主导型、社会保障-生态服务型县区是生态保护格局的主体。

“放得活”与“管得住”的重要保证:构建中国特色的政府职责体系

理顺政府与市场的关系是实现政府职能转变、优化政府职责体系的重要方面。随着全面深化改革的持续推进,党的二十届三中全会关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的重要决定,既是对政府职能转变工作提出了新的要求,也为在新的历史基点上优化政府职责体系和提高政府履责能力提供了新的实践平台。然而,已有研究对于优化政府职责体系的认识仍然不够深入系统,相关工作也还有所欠缺。这些问题制约了政府切实落实《决定》中提出的关于“既要‘放得活’”,又要‘管得住’”的重要指导思想。总体而言,在以“放”为基调的政府与市场关系调整过程中,应充分利用好进一步全面深化改革提供的历史机遇,深入探讨政府职责体系的职责配置与履责能力之间的确定性与模糊性、整体性与局部性、阶段性与长期性的关系及相关问题。通过推进职责与资源的适配、职责与事权的有机融合和优化政府运行机制等措施,解决“管责一体”习惯性思维、政府职责体系“弹性不足”等体制机制问题,以此激发市场活力,提高政府效能,推动具有中国特色的政府职责体系建设进入新的阶段。

甲烷在ZnO表面反应制合成气的微观机理研究

利用密度泛函(DFT)和过渡态理论对甲烷分子在ZnO表面的微观反应过程进行第一性原理研究,通过建立ZnO表面的吸附模型,计算了吸附能、过渡态参数和态密度,探讨了甲烷分子在氧化锌晶体表面H解离以及H_(2)和CO的生成过程,结果表明:CH_(4)在ZnO(010)表面的最佳吸附位点为Zn位,吸附能为-4.65 kcal/mol,甲烷在氧化锌ZnO(010)面四次解离H(反应动力学上最有利路径)所需克服的能垒分别为38.6 kcal/mol、90.8 kcal/mol、53.2 kcal/mol和35.8 kcal/mol,其中甲烷第二次解离H_(2)过程能垒最高,是反应过程的决速步,降低该基元反应的活化能是关键,而-OH的形成抑制了-CH_(3)的解离.氧空位的形成增加活性位点的数量与提高位点的活性.甲烷与氧化锌表面的反应有两次H_(2)生成反应,第一次生成H_(2)的反应难度较大.

How territorial function determines CO_(2) emissions in China: An approach of spatial dimension

Regional CO_(2) emissions are closely related to their territorial function, which is the major role a region plays in sustainable processes on the earth's surface. Given that China is implementing a top-down emission allocation quota strategy, studying the impact of a territorial function on emissions addresses the research gap from a spatial integration dimension.By investigating the effects of three basic functional territories(urbanization zones(UZ), food security zones(FSZ), and ecological security zones(ESZ)), horizontal spatial structure and vertical combinations of functional territories on CO_(2) emission patterns in China, we found that functional territory patterns were highly coupled with the spatial distribution of CO_(2) emissions, with a ratio of CO_(2) emissions from UZ–FSZ–ESZ was stable at around 5:2:1 from 2000 to 2017. Spatially, CO_(2) emissions in FSZ and ESZ were 1.06–2.12 times higher than the average value within 200 km from the UZ. As territorial function combination increased with spatial upscaling, the emission characteristics attributable to functional territories became indistinct. The findings above can provide a basis for the long-term prediction of CO_(2) emissions from spatial dimension, support scientific guidance for inter-zone cooperation and classified management of carbon emissions with the major function oriented zones as impetus.

Ni-Ag双原子团簇催化甲烷干法重整反应的理论研究

甲烷干重整制合成气是将温室气体转换为合成气的有效途径,兼具环境效益和经济效益.本文采用密度泛函理论方法对Ni-Ag双原子团簇催化甲烷干重整反应的体系进行理论研究,对势能面上各驻点进行了全几何参数优化,通过频率分析确认了过渡态,并通过内禀反应坐标方法进行了验证,得出各基元反应的能量最低路径.研究结果对于理解在Ni上引入第二种金属Ag形成双原子团簇催化甲烷干法重整的理论研究有一定的意义,并为下一步实验研究提供理论基础.

县域国土空间功能结构时空特征与地形梯度效应——以贵州省仁怀市为例

基于仁怀市2009—2018年土地利用现状调查成果数据,通过计算地形位指数、地形分布指数、国土空间功能结构信息熵、均衡度、优势度等参数,深入研究了仁怀市国土空间功能结构。结果表明,国土空间功能结构分布的优势等级在不同地形因子各梯度上具有差异性;国土空间功能结构信息熵整体上随地形因子等级的升高而下降,10年间国土空间功能结构逐渐向均衡态发展;地形位指数可反映国土空间功能结构的分布特征是一个更合理的参数。

The scientific foundation of Major Function Oriented Zoning in China

Major function oriented zoning （MFOZ hereafter） is the guideline for optimizing the spatial pattern of regional development in China, which entails both theoretical and methodological innovation in the academic field of economic geography. This study analyzes the basic features of territorial function and puts forward a spatial equilibrium model for regional development for the first time. It argues that there exists a trend of regional convergence in the average value which indicates the comprehensive development status of any region. Based on this finding, the study illustrates that the formation of functional zone should be conducive to the narrowing of regional gap and that free flow of resources between regions is the prerequisite to spatial equilibrium. It also investigates the impact of territorial functional evolution on the process of spatial equilibrium and suggests that the maximization of benefits derived from zoning proposal is interrelative with the method of regional division and the degree of understanding towards the temporal changes of territorial function. Furthermore, this study goes on to examine the scientific foundation of several issues concerning the reconciliation between contradictory functions of development and protection, the selection of indicators and the spatial and temporal features of MFOZ. It is then probes into the rationality of achieving dual goals of efficiency and equality simultaneously through three-dimensional flow and spatial equilibrium. The paper ends with discussions on the position, implementation and coordination of MFOZ from the perspective of institutional arrangements of spatial governance including law, planning and government policy.

Effect of the Ni size on CH4/CO2 reforming over Ni/MgO catalyst：A DFT study

Carbon deposition is sensitive to the metal particle sizes of supported Ni catalysts in CH_4/CO_2 reforming.To explore the reason of this phenomenon,Ni4,Ni8,and Ni12 which re flect the different cluster thicknesses supported on the MgO(100) slabs,have been employed to simulate Ni/MgO catalysts,and the reaction pathways of CH_4/CO_2 reforming on Nix/MgO(100) models are investigated by density functional theory.The reforming mechanisms of CH_4/CO_2 on different Nix/MgO(100) indicate the energy barriers of CH_4 dissociated adsorption,CH dissociation,and C oxidation three factors are all declining with the decrease of the Ni cluster sizes.The Hirshfeld charges analyses of three steps as described above show only Ni atoms in bottom two layers can obtain electrons from the MgO supporters,and the main electron transfer occurs between adsorbed species and their directly contacted Ni atoms.Due to more electron-rich Ni atoms in contact with the MgO supporters,the Ni/MgO catalysts with small Ni particles have a strong metal particle size effect and lead to its better catalytic activity.

DFT Study on the Catalytic Role ofα-MoC(100)in Methanol Steam Reforming

In this work,we investigated the methanol steam reforming(MSR)reaction(CH_(3)OH+H_(2)O→CO_(2)+3H_(2))catalyzed byα-MoC by means of density functional theory calculations.The adsorption behavior of the relevant intermediates and the kinetics of the elementary steps in the MSR reaction are systematically investigated.The results show that,on theα-MoC(100)surface,the O−H bond cleavage of CH3OH leads to CH3O,which subsequently dehydrogenates to CH_(2)O.Then,the formation of CH_(2)OOH between CH_(2)O and OH is favored over the decomposition to CHO and H.The sequential dehydrogenation of CH_(2)OOH results in a high selectivity for CO_(2).In contrast,the over-strong adsorption of the CH_(2)O intermediate on theα-MoC(111)surface leads to its dehydrogenation to CO product.In addition,we found that OH species,which is produced from the facile water activation,help the O−H bond breaking of intermediates by lowering the reaction energy barrier.This work not only reveals the catalytic role played byα-MoC(100)in the MSR reaction,but also provides theoretical guidance for the design ofα-MoC-based catalysts.