A shaped binderless ZSM-11 zeolite catalyst for direct amination of isobutene to tert-butylamine

A shaped binderless and two binder‐containing ZSM‐11 zeolite catalysts were prepared and characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption‐desorption, and pyridine adsorption‐infrared measurements. The binderless catalyst was synthesized using a dry‐gel conversion technique, inwhich 1,6‐hexanediamine and tetrabutylammonium bromide were used as structure‐directingagents and no other alkaline materials were added. The catalytic performance of the zeolites in the direct amination of isobutene to tert‐butylamine was evaluated in a fixed‐bed reactor. By virtue of its high crystallinity as well as its good mechanical strength, the shaped binderless ZSM‐11 catalyst showed a higher rate of formation of tert‐butylamine than did the binder‐containing catalysts.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of (E)-4-tert-Butyl-N-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-thiazol-2-amine

The title compound （E）-4-tert-butyl-N-（2,4-dichlorobenzylidene）-5-（1,2,4-triazol-1-yl）-thiazol-2-amine was synthesized by the reaction of 4-tert-butyl-5-（1,2,4-triazol-1-yl）-thiazol-2-amine with 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde, and its crystal structure was determined by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 7.9748（4）, b = 10.1803（5）, c = 11.4603（6）, α = 102.882（1）, β = 100.253（1）, γ = 104.457（1）°, V = 850.95（7）3, Z = 2, F（000） = 392, C16H15Cl2N5S, Mr = 380.29, Dc = 1.484 g/cm3, S = 1.095, μ = 0.512 mm-1, the final R = 0.0301 and wR = 0.0965 for 3334 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The preliminary antitumor activity shows that for the title compound the IC50 of Hela is 0.175 μmol/mL and that of Bel7402 is 0.156 μmol/mL.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of 4-tert-Butyl-N-(2-fluorophenyl)-5- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-thiazol-2-amine

The title compound has been synthesized by the reaction of 1-bromo-3,3-dime- thyl- 1 - （1 H- 1,2,4-triazol- 1 -yl）butan-2-one with 1 -（2-fluorophenyl）thiourea, and its crystal struc- ture was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group Pbca with a = 15.2568（6）, b = 12.1533（5）, c = 16.7307（7） A, Z = 8, V = 3102.2（2） A3, Mr = 317.39, Dc = 1.359 g/cm3, S = 1.05, μ = 0.223 mm-1, F（000） = 1328, the final R = 0.034 and wR = 0.097 for 2590 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray crystal structure presents the intramolecular N-H…N hydrogen bond, which plays an important role in stabilizing the crystal structure. In addition, the preliminary biological test on the title compound shows good antitumor activity, with IC50 of 0.122 μmol/mL against the Hela cell line.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of 4-(tert-butyl)-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodinebenzyl)-thiazol-2-amine

The title compound, 4-（tert-butyl）-5-（1 H- 1,2,4-triazol- 1 -yl）-N-（2-hydroxy-3,5-diio- dinebenzyl）thiazol-2-amine, was synthesized via the reduction of 4-（tert-butyl）-5-（1H-l,2,4- triazol-l-yl）-N-benzylidene-thiazol-2-amine with NaBH4, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 7.91944（19）, b = 10.5250（3）, c = 24.4985（6） A, Z = 4, V = 2041.66（9） A3, Mr = 599.22, Dc = 1,949 Mg/m3, S = 1.120, p = 3.203 mm-1, F（000） = 1152, the final R = 0.0283 and wR = 0.0592 for 3490 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray analysis displays that the crystal water takes part in three intermolecular hydrogen bonds of O（2）-H（2A）…O（1）, O（2）-H（2B）…N（I） and N（5）-H（5）…O（2）, and an octatomic ring R^（8） is formed via intramolecular hydrogen bond of O（I）-H（IA）…N（4）. Furthermore, the I…I contacts are involved in stabilizing the overall three-dimensional network structure. The preliminary biological test shows the title compound has good antitumor activity with the IC50 value of 26 μM against the Hela cell line.

Direct amination of isobutylene over zeolite catalysts with various topologies and acidities

The atomically economic and green chemical reaction of direct amination of isobutylene to tertbutylamine, particularly under the relative mild reaction conditions available for future industrial use,was carried out over zeolite catalysts possessing different topological structures, from one dimensional to three dimensional pore system, and from small 8-member ring pore（MRP） to medium 10 MRP and further to large 12 MRP zeolites, to disclose the relationship between the zeolite properties/topologies and their amination performance systematically under the mild reaction conditions. It was discovered that the pore structure and the acidities of zeolite catalysts played crucial roles in the isobutylene amination process, and suitable pore diameter（larger than 0.5 nm or with large side pockets/cups in the outside surface） and a certain number of mid-strong acid sites are indispensable to catalyze the amination reaction,while too strong acid strength was not conducive to the process of isobutylene amination. Among them,zeolites with topologies of BEA, MFI, MEL, MWW and EUO exhibited good amination performance, with which the isobutylene conversion was higher than 12.61%（>46.42% of the equilibrium conversion） under the studied mild reaction conditions. Due to the good amination performance and the large adjustable Si/Al;ratio range, ZSM-5 was selected to further study the effect of acidity on the amination performance systematically under the mild reaction conditions, and the activity-acidity relationship in the amination process was disclosed: the amination activity（isobutylene conversion） had a linear correlation with the amount of mid-strong B acidity under the studied conditions over ZSM-5 catalyst, which can provide guidance for further developing high-efficient amination catalyst under mild reaction conditions available for future industrial use.

胺液脱硫系统顽固性发泡的原因及对策

为解决中国海油宁波大榭石化有限公司胺液脱硫系统存在顽固性发泡问题,对发泡原因进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策。结果表明:胺液中的大分子烃类和组成复杂的聚合物成分经长时间积累是形成顽固性发泡体系的主要原因;催化裂解干气和气柜气携带的柴油组分是大分子烃类的主要来源,来自上游催化裂解装置液化气中的1,3-丁二烯是聚合物主要来源。采用河北精致科技有限公司开发的减压蒸馏工艺,实现了胺液在线净化处理,净化后胺液的发泡高度不高于4 cm,消泡时间不长于5 s,油质量浓度不大于100 mg/L,胺液清澈透明,可将甲基叔丁基醚含硫量降至45μg/g以下。

异硫氰酸酯的合成

异硫氰酸酯是一种重要的有机合成中间体,在合成取代硫脲类农药中有广泛应用。综述了以不同起始原料如叔醇、胺、腈氧化物及异腈化物等合成异硫氰酸酯的方法,并对某些反应机理进行探讨研究。介绍了由二硫代氨基甲酸盐制备异硫氰酸酯的方法,其中Boc酸酐的使用因副产物少、后处理简单而有很好的应用前景。而一些如微波等新技术的应用对异硫氰酸酯的制备将会起到很好的推动作用。

HZSM-5分子筛催化剂表面酸性质对异丁烯直接胺化反应的影响

研究了以不同离子改性的HZSM-5分子筛催化剂对异丁烯直接胺化反应的催化活性,发现以铈改性的HZSM-5分子筛催化剂的催化活性最佳。在氨烯摩尔比2∶1、反应温度230℃、压力0.5M Pa、空速450h-1的条件下,异丁烯转化率可达平衡转化率的67.53%。以吡啶为探针分子的原位红外光谱(In-situ IR)研究表明,稀土元素铈的加入增加了表面B酸中心浓度。由In-situ IR及过渡应答吸附研究结果可推断,异丁烯胺化反应过程是经由化学吸附的氨与气相的异丁烯作用形成反应中间物种叔丁基正离子,叔丁基正离子进一步与气相或化学吸附的氨作用生成叔丁胺。

异丁烯直接胺化制叔丁胺

介绍了由石油原料出发制备叔丁胺的合成路线 ,着重讨论了近年来愈益引起重视的异丁烯直接胺化制叔丁胺工艺路线 ,介绍了国内外的最新研究。以热力学分析为基础 ,根据我国国情 ,阐述了在我国利用抽余丁二烯的混合 C4气作为原料直接胺化制叔丁胺的工艺路线是比较经济的。提出低温胺化催化剂的开发 。

5-芳甲基-4-叔丁基-2-氨基噻唑的合成与表征

溴化铜在乙醇中溴化4，4-二甲基-1-芳基-3-戊酮，得到α-溴化产物不经分离直接与硫脲环合制得9种2一氨基噻唑类新化合物，收率21．9％～92．9％．目标物2-氨基噻唑类化合物经核磁谱、红外光谱、质谱测定其结构．用单晶X-射线衍射测定了化合物1g．HBr的晶体结构．化合物1g．HBr晶体属单斜晶系，空间群为P2（1）／c，晶胞参数为：a=0．96713（5）nm，b=1．55825（8）nm，C=1．30687（7）nm，Z=4，V=1．66534（15）nm^3，Dc=1．577g／cm^3，F（000）=800，R1=0．0313，ωR2=0．0757，S=1．024．

叔丁胺合成研究进展

介绍了叔丁胺的合成方法及研究进展，着重讨论了异丁烯催化氨化法研究及应用。

5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-芳氨基噻唑氢溴酸盐的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性

以芳香胺和4,4-二甲基-1-芳基-2-溴戊-3-酮为原料,设计合成了29种新的5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-芳氨基噻唑氢溴酸盐化合物;其结构经1H NMR和元素分析等确证.体外抗肿瘤活性测试结果表明,化合物A4,A5,A12和A29对人非小细胞肺癌细胞A549的IC50值分别为0.016,0.019,0.019和0.026μmol/mL,与阳性对照物紫杉醇(IC50值为0.022μmol/mL)相当;化合物A5,A7,A13,A14和A19对肝癌细胞Bel7402的IC50值分别为0.021,0.021,0.026,0.014和0.029μmol/mL,与阳性对照物紫杉醇的IC50值(0.030μmol/mL)相近.利用倒置显微镜和Hoechst33342-PI双染色法观察了细胞经化合物处理后的形态变化.

HZSM-5分子筛催化异丁烯直接胺化反应的机理

采用HZSM-5分子筛催化剂,在固定床微反装置上考察了原料气加料顺序对异丁烯直接胺化反应的影响。用过渡应答技术对原料异丁烯、氨及产物叔丁胺在催化剂表面的吸附行为进行了研究,用热分析、原位红外光谱表征了催化剂在不同反应条件下的吸附性能。研究结果表明,在该反应体系中,催化剂表面氨的吸附占主导地位,异丁烯直接胺化反应经由以下机理:氨优先吸附于催化剂表面的B酸中心,形成铵正离子;而后与气相中的异丁烯反应,生成中间物种叔丁基正离子;叔丁基正离子与气相的或化学吸附的氨作用生成叔丁胺。

3-氨基-4-(叔丁基氧化偶氮基)呋咱的合成与表征

以3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF)为起始原料,苯为反应介质,经Caro's酸氧化得到3-氨基-4-亚硝基呋咱,然后与N,N-二溴-叔丁基胺缩合得到标题化合物,总收率37.6%,并采用红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析及质谱等进行了结构表征。优化了反应条件,确定适宜的反应条件为:氯化亚铜作为催化剂,反应时间16 h,温度15～25℃,收率73.5%。

异丁烯直接胺化制备叔丁胺的研究

研究了以抚顺石油化工研究院研制的FAZ分子筛为催化剂、异丁烯和氨为原料,直接胺化制备叔丁胺的工艺路线,考察了温度、压力、氨与异丁烯摩尔比对反应的影响。实验结果表明,在温度280℃、压力8M Pa、氨与异丁烯摩尔比1.5、异丁烯体积空速4.5h-1的反应条件下,异丁烯的单程转化率大于8.0%,叔丁胺的选择性大于94.0%。在相近的反应条件下,将异丁烯直接胺化制备叔丁胺的工艺与国外先进的技术进行了比较。

对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂型破乳剂的制备

选取对叔丁基苯酚、甲醛、二乙烯三胺为原料合成对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂作为起始剂,KOH为催化剂,通过与环氧乙烷(EO)、环氧丙烷(PO)加成反应合成对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂型嵌段聚醚破乳剂。性能优良破乳剂的关键为起始剂的制备,本实验通过单因素法确定合成的工艺条件为:对叔丁基苯酚∶甲醛∶二乙烯三胺=1∶0.8∶0.8(摩尔比),反应温度为95℃,反应时间为180 min。利用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对起始剂的结构进行表征。结果表明,起始剂为目标产物。对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂型破乳剂对辽河老化油脱水实验结果表明,破乳剂脱水速率快,脱水率较高,且油水界面清晰整齐,能够达到老化油工业化处理的应用条件。

对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂型破乳剂脱水工艺研究

以对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂为起始剂,KOH为催化剂,与EO、PO进行缩合反应,合成一类新型对叔丁基酚胺醛树脂型破乳剂,用红外光谱图分析破乳剂结构,并通过瓶试法研究该破乳剂对辽河老化油的破乳性能。结果表明,在温度85℃,加剂量100 mg/L,时间150 min的破乳条件下,所合成的新型破乳剂的破乳性能最好。破乳剂水溶液的表面张力与破乳剂加剂量浓度基本一致,油水分离过程为絮凝、聚集、分层。

异硫氰酸叔丁酯的合成

以叔丁胺、溴乙烷为原料,三乙胺为催化剂,二硫化碳法合成异硫氰酸叔丁酯(CH3)3CNCS。反应原料为n(叔丁胺)∶n(三乙胺)∶n(二硫化碳)∶n(溴乙烷)为1∶1∶3∶1,反应时间为第一步3 h,第二步5 h。产品收率为70%,产品纯度达94%。

新型改性絮凝剂在含油废水处理中的应用

以聚丙烯酰胺为主链,接枝二乙胺,合成叔胺型絮凝剂(改性聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂),对含油废水进行处理,探讨了不同搅拌速度、搅拌时间、絮凝剂以及反应物的浓度、pH值、沉降时间对COD去除效率的影响。结果表明,在改性絮凝剂用量为2.5 mL/L、pH值为6、水利条件为快速搅拌(180 r/min)4 min、慢速搅拌(90 r/min)10 min,高岭土投入量为7.5 g/L以及絮凝沉降时间为30 min的最佳絮凝条件下,改性絮凝剂对含油废水COD的去除率达到80.2%,效果较为理想。

叔丁醇钾催化合成N,N-二苯基叔胺类化合物

以乙腈作溶剂,苄基溴和二苯胺在叔丁醇钾的催化下,可以直接合成得到N,N-二苯基苄叔胺类化合物,产率60.2%~81.4%。产物经1 H NMR、13 C NMR和GC-MS确证。得出合成N,N-二苯基叔胺最优化条件为n（苄基溴）∶n（二苯胺）∶n（叔丁醇钾）=1.5∶1∶1,以乙腈为溶剂,室温下反应12h。该方法具有反应条件温和,操作简单,产率较高等优点。