甘薯杂粮粉品质特征与主要理化性质的Mantel test分析

以不同品种甘薯全粉为原料,复配黄豆粉、芝麻粉制备甘薯杂粮粉,并测定其β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄质、槲皮素含量,利用曼特尔检验(Mantel test)方法探讨这3种天然成分含量与其理化指标之间的相关性,研究甘薯品种对甘薯杂粮粉品质的影响。结果表明:甘薯杂粮粉的抗氧化能力与β-胡萝卜素含量呈强正相关(r=0.80),与玉米黄质含量(r=0.26)和槲皮素含量(r=-0.14)呈现弱相关性。甘薯杂粮粉的干物质含量与β-胡萝卜素含量呈负相关(r=-0.72),与玉米黄质含量(r=0.91)和槲皮素含量(r=1.00)呈强正相关。总体表明β-胡萝卜素是甘薯杂粮粉中有效的抗氧化成分。

Uniaxial compression CT and acoustic emission test on the coal crack propagation destruction process

Acoustic emission test and CT scanning are important techniques in the study of coal crack propagation. A uniaxial compression test was performed on coal samples by integrating CT and acoustic emission. The test comparison analyzes the acoustic emission load and CT images for an effective observation on the entire process, from crack propagation to the samples＇ destruction. The box dimension of the coal samples＇ acoustic emission series and the CT images were obtained through calculations by using the authors＇ own program. The results show that the fractal dimension of both the acoustic emission energy and CT image increase rapidly, indicating coal and rock mass has entered a dangerous condition. Hence, measures should be taken to unload the pressure of the coal and rock mass. The test results provide intuitive observation data for the coal meso-damage model. The test contributes to in-depth studies of coal or rock crack propagation mechanisms and provides a theoretical basis for rock burst mechanism.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Zihua Qinghuo Capsule by Orthogonal Test

With quercetin content and yield of dry extract as investigation indices, three factors, amount of water added, decoction time and decoction times were investigated by an orthogonal test, so as to select the optimal water extraction process for Zihua Qinghuo Capsule. The determined extraction process was adding 8 times of water in five herbs including Viola philippica and decocting for 2 times, 1.5 h each time. Pilot scale test demonstrated that the selected process is stable and feasible, and could provide reliable reference for practical production.

Δ<i>I_DDQ</i>Testing of a CMOS Digital-to-Analog Converter Considering Process Variation Effects

In this paper, we present the implementation of a built-in current sensor (BICS) which takes into account the increased background current of defect-free circuits and the effects of process variation on ΔIDDQ testing of CMOS data converters. A 12-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is designed as the circuit under test (CUT). The BICS uses frequency as the output for fault detection in CUT. A fault is detected if it causes the output frequency to deviate more than ±10% from the reference frequency. The output frequencies of the BICS for various (MOSIS) model parameters are simulated to check for the effect of process variation on the frequency deviation. A set of eight faults simulating manufacturing defects in CMOS data converters are injected using fault-injection transistors and tested successfully.

Big Data Testing Techniques:Taxonomy,Challenges and Future Trends

Big Data is reforming many industrial domains by providing decision support through analyzing large data volumes.Big Data testing aims to ensure that Big Data systems run smoothly and error-free while maintaining the performance and quality of data.However,because of the diversity and complexity of data,testing Big Data is challenging.Though numerous research efforts deal with Big Data testing,a comprehensive review to address testing techniques and challenges of BigData is not available as yet.Therefore,we have systematically reviewed the Big Data testing techniques’evidence occurring in the period 2010–2021.This paper discusses testing data processing by highlighting the techniques used in every processing phase.Furthermore,we discuss the challenges and future directions.Our findings show that diverse functional,non-functional and combined(functional and non-functional)testing techniques have been used to solve specific problems related to Big Data.At the same time,most of the testing challenges have been faced during the MapReduce validation phase.In addition,the combinatorial testing technique is one of the most applied techniques in combination with other techniques(i.e.,random testing,mutation testing,input space partitioning and equivalence testing)to find various functional faults through Big Data testing.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Prunellae Spica Compound by Orthogonal Test

[Objectives] The study aimed to optimize the extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound to provide an experimental basis for the development and utilization of the compound. [Methods]Through orthogonal test,the optimal extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound was chosen by using the yield of dry paste and ursolic acid content as evaluation indicators. [Results]The optimal extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound is as follows: solvent dosage was 16 times,and extraction frequency was 3 times,while extraction time was 1 h.[Conclusions]The extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound was stable and feasible,and this study can provide a theoretical basis for further preparation of the compound.

Lognormal Process Software Reliability Modeling with Testing-Effort

We propose a software reliability growth model with testing-effort based on a continuous-state space stochastic process, such as a lognormal process, and conduct its goodness-of-fit evaluation. We also discuss a parameter estimation method of our model. Then, we derive several software reliability assessment measures by the probability distribution of its solution process, and compare our model with existing continuous-state space software reliability growth models in terms of the mean square error and the Akaike’s information criterion by using actual fault count data.

2018—2022年京津冀血液筛查实验室检测前质量不合格标本情况分析

目的 探讨2018—2022年京津冀15家血液筛查实验室(血站实验室)检测前质量不合格标本的情况及存在问题,为提升京津冀血站实验室质量同质化建设提供数据支持。方法 选取北京、天津和河北3个地区的血液中心和中心血站的15家血站实验室,其中包括3家血液中心实验室和12家地市级中心血站实验室,分别用代码A~O表示。收集15家血站实验室2018—2022年检测前接收标本总数、质量不合格标本总数以及常见不合格原因(溶血、乳糜、容量不足量、血细胞比容异常、采集后未按要求及时离心和其他原因等)对应标本数,分析检测前标本的不合格情况。结果2018—2022年15家血站实验室检测前质量不合格标本率为1.98‱,呈下降趋势,由2.54‱下降至1.57‱。标本质量不合格原因5年来保持稳定,占比依次是乳糜(74.72%)、溶血(7.41%)、容量不足量(5.42%)、其他原因(4.42%)、血细胞比容异常(4.35%)、采集后未按要求及时离心(3.68%)。15家血站实验室之间检测前质量不合格标本率的比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与检测前总体质量不合格标本率相比,11家实验室低于总体水平,其中4家持续保持稳定状态。结论 15家血站实验室的检测前过程控制总体良好,但由于各血站在检测前标本管理过程的流程设计和工作模式的不同导致统计数据存在差异,部分实验室仍有改进空间。

基于测量不确定度评定理论的波浪能发电装置实验数据质量评价研究

通过采用测量不确定度评定理论提出波浪能发电装置实验室俘获宽度比测试的数据质量评价模型并进行验证,可为后续建立波浪能发电装置实验数据的量值溯源链,完善波浪能发电数据评估技术提供研究基础。研究表明,在同一工况下实验结果的测量不确定度与样本量有关,在采用测量不确定度评价不同装置的实验数据质量时应在相同或相近的样本量条件下进行,避免由于样本量的不同造成实验结果的评价差异。

豌豆蛋白酶解加工工艺优化及其生物活性研究

豌豆是重要的豆类栽培作物,蛋白质含量较高,是植物蛋白的主要来源之一,但目前大部分豌豆用于制作淀粉,副产物中的豌豆蛋白提取率较低,常常被用于制作饲料或作为生产废料,使得大量豌豆资源被浪费。该研究基于此,通过单因素试验和正交试验对豌豆蛋白酶解工艺进行研究和优化,结果表明,豌豆蛋白最佳酶解工艺为物料含水量30%、温度70℃、模具孔径8 mm和螺杆转速190 r/min,此时豌豆蛋白水解度为38.58%。另外,研究豌豆蛋白酶解后得到的水解物的生物活性功效,发现其具有明显的抗疲劳功效。

碳纤维气流展纤工艺研究及均匀性分析

为研究碳纤维在气流作用下的展纤过程,研制了一套气流展纤装置。通过多因素正交实验研究了气流流速、支撑辊跨距和纤维悬垂量对展纤宽度的影响,并对实验结果进行了分析。采取MATLAB数字图像处理技术,对展纤后的碳纤维图像进行了缩小、灰度化和增强等预处理,引入了变异系数与概率分布,对碳纤维横、纵向分布均匀性进行表征。结果表明:气流展纤宽度与纤维悬垂量在一定范围内呈线性正相关,选取最优工艺参数,即气流流速为4 m/s,支撑辊跨距为140 mm,有着较好的展纤效果;采用数字图像分析法能够较好地表征碳纤维气流展纤均匀性,并与实验结果相一致,具有较好的工业应用前景。

响应曲面法结合模糊感官评定在细叶韭风味香肠研制中的应用

以猪肉为主要原料,添加细叶韭、食盐、五香粉和土豆淀粉等制成风味独特的细叶韭风味香肠,旨在制作一款健康、美味的香肠产品。以细叶韭用量、土豆淀粉用量、五香粉用量、食盐用量为单因素,以感官评分为指标,进行模糊感官评定和响应面试验设计,最终得出最佳配比:细叶韭用量为2.161%,五香粉用量为2.304%,土豆淀粉用量为20.489%;采用最佳配比制作的细叶韭风味香肠的感官评分最高,为89.744分。在最佳配比方案下生产出的细叶韭风味香肠切片表面平整,组织紧密,口感细腻,有韧性,无粉状感,有细叶韭特有的香味,表面颜色明亮。

选区激光熔化AlSi10Mg蜂窝夹层管制备及其力学性能研究

目的研究SLM工艺参数对蜂窝夹层管残余应力、变形以及力学性能的影响。方法采用正交试验法研究了不同工艺参数对选区激光熔化成形零件残余应力和变形的影响。通过有限元模拟的方法,仿真AlSi10Mg蜂窝夹层管的3D打印过程,得到成形管件的残余应力分布及变形程度。制备蜂窝夹层管3D打印试样,将实心管作为对照组,对比测试管件在轴向压缩、径向压缩及三点弯曲条件下的力学性能。结果激光功率对残余应力和变形的影响最大。采用最优参数组合打印的管件微观形貌中不同熔池之间呈现出相互交错的结构,致密度达99.78%。轴向压缩中实心管的承载极限为497 MPa,蜂窝夹层管的最大承载极限为390 MPa。在径向压缩条件下,蜂窝夹层管承载能力是实心管的86.62%。在三点弯曲试验中蜂窝夹层管出现2次波峰,承载极限为52 MPa,与实心管的承载极限非常接近。结论确定最优参数组合为:激光功率200 W、扫描速度1200 mm/s、扫描间距100μm,蜂窝隔板厚度0.6 mm、蜂窝孔对边距离5 mm。相同尺寸的蜂窝夹层管相较于实心管质量可以降低22.68%,其力学性能降低并不明显。

压力管道建造过程中焊接接头射线检测标准比较与分析

压力管道按属性和用途分类,可分为工业、公用及长输管道,其焊接接头射线检测执行标准涉及NB/T 47013.2,GB/T 12605及SY/T 4109,此三项标准在检测适用性、检测工艺及检测质量分级等方面存在一定区别,系统比较并分析了其相关特点和差异,为从事压力管道设计、施工、检测及建造监督的相关人员提供参考,尤其建议设计和业主者应对上述标准进行综合选用。

4R危机管理理论在结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者6分钟步行试验中的应用效果

目的:评价4R危机管理理论在结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者进行6分钟步行试验中的效果。方法:便利选取120例2022年1月—12月在北京协和医院风湿免疫内科肺动脉高压专病门诊就诊的结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压行6分钟步行试验的患者,按时间先后进行分组,对照组给予常规管理流程,干预组应用4R危机管理理论更新的6分钟步行试验管理流程。针对6分钟步行试验后两组患者的血氧饱和度情况及不良事件发生情况进行分析。结果:干预组和对照组患者6分钟步行距离差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组患者6分钟步行试验后及测试后3分钟血氧饱和度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组患者6分钟步行试验期间低氧饱和度及不良事件发生情况显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压行6分钟步行试验患者经4R危机管理理论干预能够显著降低低氧饱和度发生率,降低患者不良反应发生率,该方案为结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者实施6分钟步行试验提供了安全保障。

桂附颗粒提取工艺研究

目的:选取桂附颗粒最佳提取工艺。方法:以加水量,煎煮时间,煎煮次数作为参考因素,以肉桂酸含量及浸膏得率作为综合指标评分,选用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验优化桂附颗粒的提取制备工艺。结果:优选桂附颗粒提取工艺的最佳条件为煎煮两次,每次加入10倍的水,并且每次煎煮1.5 h。结论:该试验结果合理、可行,有效成分率高,适合工业生产的需要。

基于YOLO-OpenMax的水声通信信号开集识别方法

水声通信信号调制方式随着技术进步从典型的传统调制方式发展为水声通信机厂商私有开发的新型调制方式,这使得现有的水声通信信号闭集调制识别技术实用性受到制约,但现阶段鲜有研究基于深度学习的水声通信信号调制方式的开集识别方法。针对此现状,提出一种基于YOLO图像检测识别网络和OpenMax模型的开集识别方法。利用YOLOv5网络的输出特点,将传统OpenMax模型的处理方法进行改进,提出一种两步测试方法,实现了在多径信道下的水声通信信号的开集识别。仿真实验表明:在归一化系数为0.5,信噪比等于10 dB条件下的归一化开集识别准确率达到90%以上,实测数据同样验证了本文方法的有效性。

基于Dynaform的汽车后风窗罩板成形工艺参数优化研究

文中以某汽车后风窗罩板为研究对象,解决其成形过程中的破裂和回弹缺陷。首先,运用Dynaform软件构建了符合实际工况的仿真模型;然后,选择对成形质量影响较大的模具间隙、摩擦因数、压边力和冲压速度作为主要因素,设计了4因素4水平的正交试验方案,并进行了仿真分析;接着,以最大减薄率和回弹作为评价指标进行综合评分,并采用Minitab软件对综合评分进行均值分析,获得了影响成形质量的各因素的主次关系和最优冲压工艺参数组合:摩擦因数为0.085,冲压速度为5000 mm/s,压边力为65 kN,模具间隙为1.15 mm;最后,选用上述工艺参数进行仿真分析和生产验证,产品拉延区域未出现破裂的成形缺陷,左右两端的弧形位置未见明显回弹。

黑木耳超微颗粒混悬液制备工艺研究

采用高压均质法制备黑木耳超微颗粒混悬液,并对制备工艺进行优化。结果表明,采用高压均质法可制备黑木耳超微颗粒混悬液,优化后的工艺参数为均质压力10 Mpa,均质固液比1∶5,均质次数4次,制备后的混悬液平均粒度为5.31μm。

参杞强精颗粒成型工艺优化与稳定性研究

目的探讨参杞强精颗粒成型工艺优化方案,并考察其成品稳定性。方法采用单因素试验考察湿法制粒工艺。以浸膏粉与辅料的配比(A)、乙醇浓度(B)、润湿剂用量(C)为主要影响因素,以吸湿率、溶化率、成型率、休止角为评价指标,采用L9(34)正交试验法优选参杞强精颗粒成型工艺。同时,考察参杞强精颗粒的长期稳定性和加速稳定性。结果正交试验法优选的最佳成型工艺为浸膏粉与辅料配比为1∶1,乙醇浓度为65%,0.3%甜菊素的颗粒口感较好,润湿剂用量为15~20 mL,生产环境的相对湿度应控制在70%以下。在稳定性考察过程中加速试验和长期试验均符合规定。结论优化后的成型工艺方法科学合理,稳定可行,操作简便,所制得颗粒符合各项指标的相关规定,且稳定性好,可为参杞强精颗粒的生产及其后续研究开发提供实验依据。