Localizing Test Power Consumption for Scan Testing

A two stage scan architecture is proposed to do low power and low test application cost scan testing. The first stage includes multiple scan chains, where each scan chain is driven by a primary input. Each scan flip-flop in the multiple scan chains drives a group of scan flip-flops. The scan flip-flop in the multiple scan chain and the scan flip-flop driven by it are assigned the same values for all test vectors. Scan flip-flops in the multiple scan chains and those in the second stage use separate clock signals, but the design for testability technqiue needs only one clock. The proposed scan architecture localizes test power consumption to the multiple scan chains during test application. Test signals assigned to scan flip-fiops in the multiple scan chains are applied to the scan flip-flops in the second stage after the test vector has been applied to the multiple scan chains. This technique can make test power consumption very small.

Side-Channel Attacks & Data Exfiltration Using Wall Outlet USB Power Adapters

The number and creativity of side channel attacks have increased dramatically in recent years. Of particular interest are attacks leveraging power line communication to 1) gather information on power consumption from the victim and 2) exfiltrate data from compromised machines. Attack strategies of this nature on the greater power grid and building infrastructure levels have been shown to be a serious threat. This project further explores this concept of a novel attack vector by creating a new type of penetration testing tool: an USB power adapter capable of remote monitoring of device power consumption and communicating through powerline communications.

The first power generation test of hot dry rock resources exploration and production demonstration project in the Gonghe Basin,Qinghai Province,China

Hot dry rock(HDR)is a kind of clean energy with significant potential.Since the 1970s,the United States,Japan,France,Australia,and other countries have attempted to conduct several HDR development research projects to extract thermal energy by breaking through key technologies.However,up to now,the development of HDR is still in the research,development,and demonstration stage.An HDR exploration borehole(with 236℃ at a depth of 3705 m)was drilled into Triassic granite in the Gonghe Basin in northwest China in 2017.Subsequently,China Geological Survey(CGS)launched the HDR resources exploration and production demonstration project in 2019.After three years of efforts,a sequence of significant technological breakthroughs have been made,including the genetic model of deep heat sources,directional drilling and well completion in high-temperature hard rock,large-scale reservoir stimulation,reservoir characterization,and productivity evaluation,reservoir connectivity and flow circulation,efficient thermoelectric conversion,monitoring,and geological risk assessment,etc.Then the whole-process technological system for HDR exploration and production has been preliminarily established accordingly.The first power generation test was completed in November 2021.The results of this project will provide scientific support for HDR development and utilization in the future.

Lifetime estimation of IGBT module using square-wave loss discretization and power cycling test

The insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT)module is one of the most age-affected components in the switch power supply, and its reliability prediction is conducive to timely troubleshooting and reduction in safety risks and unnecessary costs. The pulsed current pattern of the accelerator power supply is different from other converter applications;therefore, this study proposed a lifetime estimation method for IGBT modules in pulsed power supplies for accelerator magnets. The proposed methodology was based on junction temperature calculations using square-wave loss discretization and thermal modeling.Comparison results showed that the junction temperature error between the simulation and IR measurements was less than 3%. An AC power cycling test under real pulsed power supply applications was performed via offline wearout monitoring of the tested power IGBT module. After combining the IGBT4 PC curve and fitting the test results,a simple corrected lifetime model was developed to quantitatively evaluate the lifetime of the IGBT module,which can be employed for the accelerator pulsed power supply in engineering. This method can be applied to other IGBT modules and pulsed power supplies.

Study and performance test of 10 kW molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system

The use of high-temperature fuel cells as a power technology can improve the efficiency of electricity generation and achieve near-zero emissions of carbon dioxide.This work explores the performance of a 10 kW high-temperature molten carbonate fuel cell.The key materials of a single cell were characterized and analyzed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the pore size of the key electrode material is 6.5 lm and the matrix material is a-LiAlO_(2).Experimentally,the open circuit voltage of the single cell was found to be 1.23 V.The current density was greater than 100 mA/cm^(2)at an operating voltage of 0.7 V.The 10 kW fuel cell stack comprised 80 single fuel cells with a total area of 2000 cm^(2)and achieved an open circuit voltage of greater than 85 V.The fuel cell stack power and current density could reach 11.7 kW and 104.5 mA/cm2 at an operating voltage of 56 V.The influence and long-term stable operation of the stack were also analyzed and discussed.The successful operation of a 10 kW high-temperature fuel cell promotes the large-scale use of fuel cells and provides a research basis for future investigations of fuel cell capacity enhancement and distributed generation in China.

APPROXIMATE POWER OF HETEROSCEDASTICITY TEST IN NONLINEAR MODELS WITH ARIMA（0,1,0） ERRORS

This paper presents an approach for estimating power of the score test, based on an asymptotic approximation to the power of the score test under contiguous alternatives. The method is applied to the problem of power calculations for the score test of heteroscedasticity in European rabbit data （Ratkowsky, 1983）. Simulation studies are presented which indicate that the asymptotic approximation to the finite-sample situation is good over a wide range of parameter configurations.

Information content method for evaluating diagnostic tests and its comparison of power with other methods

This paper derives the variance of the information content and develops its statistical inference method. We describe the relations between information content and sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, prevalence rate. If sensitivity, specificity and efficiency are fixed, the closer to 0. 5 the prevalence rate is, the more the information content. If prevalence rate and efficiency are fixed, the closer to each other the sensitivity and specificity are, the more the information content. We compare the power of information content method, efficiecy test, Youden's index test and kappa coefficient method. The information content method has higher power than the other methods in most conditions. It is especially sensitive to the difference between two sensitivities. It comes to conclusion that the information content method has more virtues than the other methods mentioned in this paper.

Application and Research of Power Test Without Disassembling System Based on MSP430

This paper presents the design of software and hardware of Power Test without Disassembling System.The main system is based on the MSP4301232 of TI.Instant Rotational Speed is measured in the test system,Instantaneous Acceleration and Instantaneous Power is calculated by using the feature of the MCU with the Least Square Method.At last,Testing Data and Error Analysis are measured.

Power test method for LED backlight LCD TVs and software development

As the appearance of local dimming technique, the current existing test methods are not suitable for testing the power consumption of the LCD TVs using the local dimming technique any longer. A test method appropriate to LED backlight LCD TVs using the local dimming technique is proposed in this paper, and then the test software is developed. The results demonstrate that the test software developed can show the real average power consumption of the LCD using local dimming technique, and by normalization the power consumption become comparable for not only local dimming LCD TVs but global dimming LCD TVs. Using the software developed in this paper, the ratio of power saving is clear when an LCD TV using the local dimming technique compared with one without local dimming technique.

Uniformly Most Powerful Invariant Test and Its Application

The authors consider the uniformly most powerful invariant test of the testing problems (Ⅰ) H 0: μ′Σ -1 μ≥CH 1: μ′Σ -1 μ<C and (Ⅱ) H 00 : β′X′Xβσ 2≥CH 11 : β′X′Xβσ 2<C under m dimensional normal population N m(μ, Σ) and normal linear model (Y, Xβ, σ 2) respectively. Furthermore, an application of the uniformly most powerful invariant test is given.

Comparison of Two Sample Tests Using Both Relative Efficiency and Power of Test

This paper, comparison of two sample tests, is motivated by the fact that in the test of significant difference between two independent samples, numerous methods can be adopted;each may lead to significant different results;this implies that wrong choice of test statistic could lead to erroneous conclusion. To prevent misleading information, there is a need for proper investigation of some selected methods for test of significant difference between variables/subjects most especially, independent samples. The paper examines the efficiency and sensitivity of four test statistics to ascertain which test performs better. Based on the results, the relative efficiency favours median test as being more efficient than modified median test for both symmetric and asymmetric distributions. In terms of power of test, median test is more sensitive than Modified Median (MMED) test since it has higher power irrespective of the sample sizes for both symmetric and asymmetric distribution. In terms of relative efficiency for asymmetric distribution Modified Mann-Whitney U test is more efficient than Mann-Whitney U test (MMWU), and then for symmetric distribution, Mann-Whitney U test (MMWU) is more efficient than Modified Mann-Whitney in sample size of 5;but for other sample sizes considered Modified Mann-Whitney U test (MMWU) is better than Mann-Whitney. Using power of test for both symmetric and asymmetric distributions, Mann-Whitney is more sensitive than Modified Mann-Whitney U test (MMWU) because it has higher power.

Design and Implementation of a Novel Digital Frequency Superposition Testing Power Supply for Induction Motor

A novel design and implementation of frequency superposition testing power supply for induction motor is proposed. An equivalent power using dynamic space voltage vector synthesis is generated to replace the two separate powers of the traditional method. The principle of frequency superposition testing is firstly introduced, and then the detailed design and implementation of the digital frequency superposition power are given. The simulation of the power supply system shows the promising results. Finally, experimental results validate the feasibility and reliability of the proposed power.

Test Analysis of Traction Battery Peak Power

The test process of electric vehicles (EVs) traction battery peak power is analyzed in detail. Aimed at a special “traction” design of versatile battery—HORIZON~ C~2M Battery, the features are introduced. According to the peak power test schedule, the test parameters of HORIZON~ C~2M Battery are calculated and the charging and discharging experiments are carried out. The sustained (30 s) discharge power capability of battery at 2/3 of its open circuit voltage at each of various depths of discharge is determined. The dynamic internal resistance under peak power test is established. Considering the temperature impact during discharging, the peak power capability at each of various depths of discharge is corrected. The correctness of peak power test is validated by combining theory analysis with test results.

The Power of Change-Point Test for Two-Phase Regression

In this paper, the roughness of the model function to the basis functions and its properties have been considered. We also consider some conditions to take the limit of the roughness when the observations are i.i.d. An explicit formula to calculate the power of change-point test for the two phases regression through the roughness was obtained.

Review on Commissioning Test of Three Gorges Power Transmission & Substation Project

Holding the greatest power transmission capacity in China, Three Gorges power transmission and substation (T&S) project is an important landmark in the

Development of New Sliver Probe for Cooling Power Test of Polymer Quenchants

Working group on cooling power test of quenchants of Japanese Heat Treatment Society has studied on the new method for testing cooling power of aqueous quenchants. This method employed the cooling curve test of a new sliver rod probe, which has a metal-sheathed thermocouple at its geometrical center. The experimental study has clarified that the new silver probe has more excellent durability than the JIS silver probe employed for cooling power test of heat treating oils (JIS K 2242) and an aluminum alloy probe. Good repeatability and reproducibility of the cooling curves during polymer quenching have been confirmed. This new method is useful especially for cooling power test of aqueous quenchants used for solution heat treatment of aluminum alloys. This new silver rod probe is expected to be adopted for the revised version of JIS K 2242 as the cooling power test method for aqueous quenchants.

Standardization of New Sliver Probe for Cooling Power Test of Polymer Quenchant

Technical committee for Japanese industrial standard of heat treating oils has studied on the new method for testing cooling power of aqueous quenchants. This method employed the cooling curve test of a new sliver rod probe, which has a metal-sheathed thermocouple at its geometrical center. The experimental study has clarified that this probe has the higher sensitivity and excellent durability. In order to standardize this probe for cooling power test of aqueous quenchants, the repeatability and reproducibility of test results etc. have been studied. D.O.P. (Di-2-ethylthexyl Phthalate) was used as reference quenching fluid for initial calibration and for periodic calibration verification of the probe and system. In addition, 10% brine was used to check the response capability of the probe and system to the sudden change of temperature. These procedures are established according to the experimental investigation. This new test method is going to be built in the revised version of JIS K 2242 "Heat treating oils" as the cooling power test method for aqueous quenchants.

Design for Low Power Testing of Computation Modules with Contiguous Subspace in VLSI

A kind of pseudo Gray code presentation of test patterns based on accumulation generators is presented and a low power test scheme is proposed to test computational function modules with contiguous subspace in very large scale integration （VLSI）, especially in digital signal processors （DSP）. If test patterns from accumulators for the modules are encoded in the pseudo Gray code presentation, the switching activities of the modules are reduced, and the decrease of the test power consumption is resulted in. Results of experimentation based on FPGA show that the test approach can reduce dynamic power consumption by an average of 17.40% for 8-bit ripple carry adder consisting of 3-2 counters. Then implementation of the low power test in hardware is exploited. Because of the reuse of adders, introduction of additional XOR logic gates is avoided successfully. The design minimizes additional hardware overhead for test and needs no adjustment of circuit structure. The low power test can detect any combinational stuck-at fault within the basic building block without any degradation of original circuit performance.

The Changes of Heart Rate Power Spectral Density during Head-up Tilt Test

To study the role of autonomic nervous system in the period of developing syncope induced by head-up tilt test(HUT), we analysed the changes of heart rate power spectral density(HRPSD) in 50 patients with unexplained syncope, including 15 positive patients (Group 1) and 35 negative patients(Group 2), and 15 negative healthy persons(Group 3) in 5 minute periods before and after tilting and 5 minutes before the end of test. HRPSD and their changes in total(T), very low-frequence(VLF), low-frequence(LF), high-frequence(HF) and the ratio of low/high frequence(LF/HF) were similar (P>0.05) 5 minutes before and after tilting among three groups. Five minutes before the end of test, Group 1 had obvious increase of T, VLF, LF and LF/HF while Group 2 and 3 had not such significant changes. There was significant difference(P<0.01) compared Group 1 with Group 2, 3. The results showed that the abnormal regulatory function of autonomic nervous system played an important role in the mechanism of symcope induced by HUT, the positive group had abnormal increase of sympathetic tone and imbalance of sympathetic/parasympathetic neural tone before syncope appeared.

Unit 1 of Ling’ao Nuclear Power Plant phase II underwent hot functional test successfully

On February 25, the Unit 1 of Ling’ao Nuclear Power Plant phase II underwent a 41-day-long hot functional test successfully with its major systems satisfying the requirements for