Sense of courage:The mediating role of courage between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration among nurses in Indian hospitals

Objectives:This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration through the mechanism of moral courage and enhance our understanding of the importance of these nursing concepts to enable the nurses to develop better coping strategies for work-life integration.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was performed with 249 nurses,including staff nurses,ICU and critical care nurses,operation theatre nurses,pediatric nurses from 17 hospitals.Emotional Reflexivity,work-life integration,and courage were measured using a demographic information questionnaire,Life Project Reflexivity Scale(LPRS),Nurse’s Moral Courage Scale(NMCS),andWork-Life Boundary Enactment(WLBE)scale.A series of multiple regressions analyzed the mediating effect.Results:Emotional Reflexivity was positively correlated with work-life integration(b=0.66,P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between emotional reflexivity and moral courage.But the path did not get the necessary support in the structural equation modeling(SEM)(b=0.13,P=0.40).When controlling for courage(b=0.42,P<0.01),the association was significant between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration with partial mediation.Conclusion:The study reported a positive correlation between reflexivity and work-life integration.Thus,nurses’work-life integration becomes better by reinforcing their emotional reflexivity and moral courage.

The Effect of Emotional Intelligence Training on the Quality of Working life in Nurses

Emotional intelligence is a social skill and an important component of communication. It can be expressed as the ability to correctly identify emotions, to make proper decisions and to solve problems. Based on the conducted researchs, emotional intelligence is an important factor in achieving success in life including occupation and education. This study was designed and implemented to determine the effects of emotional intelligence on the quality of nurses＇ working life. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2015 on 70 of hospital nurses. Samples were randomly collected and divided into 2 groups （35 nurses in each group） and training sessions of emotional intelligence were conducted. Before the first session and after session 12, the quality of working life was measured by Walton＇s standard questionnaire of working life in both groups. The average age of the control and the experimental group was 30.83 ± 3.785 and 29.54 ± 3.407 respectively. Quality of working life in the experimental group had significant positive changes in comparison with the control group （P 〈 0.001） after the completion of training sessions. Based on the results, nurses＇ quality of working life improved after training. It seems that it is possible to improve university students and nurses＂ quality of working life by holding special workshops of emotional intelligence in training centers.

The Support of Religious Emotion to Religious Life

The reason why religion can exist is that it provides a sense of absolute dependence, which is the ultimate emotion based on the belief of cosmic and human harmony. In a sense, it can be said that religion is absolute piety and humility, which stems from the experience of God＇ s power.

Cognitive coping strategies, emotional distress and quality of life in mothers of children with ASD and ADHD—A comparative study in a Romanian population sample

The Quality of Life (QoL) represents a dimension of the overall status and of the wellbeing that might be influenced by various factors. Mothers’ emotional and behavioral reactions, when having a child with diagnosis of mental disorder, are different depending on the emotional distress and cognitive coping strategies used. The aim of this study was to assess the cognitive coping strategies, emotional distress and the relationship between them and the quality of life in mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to mothers of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). Data were collected from 114 mothers of children with diagnosis of ASD or ADHD. Different psychological measurements have been used in order to assess the quality of life (Family Quality of Life Survey) cognitive coping strategies (Cognitive-Emotional Regulation Questionnaire) and emotional distress (Profile of Affective Distress) of the parents. For QOL and emotional distress, we didn’t find significant differences between the two groups. The coping strategies of the mothers of children with ASD that significantly correlated with the overall assessment of the family quality were: positive refocusing, positive reevaluation and catastrophizing. The results suggest that the use of adaptive coping strategies correlates with a higher family quality of life, while for the maladaptive ones, the relationship is reversed.

Effects of mindfulness meditation on trait mindfulness,perceived stress,emotion regulation,and quality of life in hemodialysis patients:A randomized controlled trial

Objective:This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness meditation on trait mindfulness,perceived stress,emotion regulation,and quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods:An experimental study with repeated measures design was conducted among a sample of 74 end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis between January and May 2021 in the dialysis center at Jahra hospital,Kuwait.The patients were randomly assigned to the experimental(n?37)and control groups(n?37).The experimental group participated in 30-min mindfulness meditation sessions(three sessions a week for five weeks)held during their hemodialysis sessions;the participants in the control group were instructed to sit with their eyes closed and relaxed for 30 min three times a week for five weeks during hemodialysis sessions.The dependent variables of both groups were measured at baseline(T0),middle of intervention(T1),and end of intervention(T2)using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS),Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ),and Kidney Disease Quality of Life(KDQOL-36)questionnaire.The study was registered in the ClinicalTrial.gov(Identifier:NCT05176730).Results:The repeated measures ANOVA(within-subject)results for the experimental group showed that mindfulness meditation had significantly decreased perceived stress by the end of the intervention.Also,mindfulness meditation improved mindfulness,emotion regulation,and kidney disease-related quality of life in the experimental group,and this improvement occurred significantly at both T1 and T2.The repeated measures ANOVA(within and between-subject)results showed that the experimental group,as compared to the control group,had lower perceived stress,higher trait mindfulness,higher emotional regulation,and higher kidney disease-related quality of life over time.Conclusions:The positive findings of this study offer health policy-makers and hospital administrators a promising tool to use with patients undergoing hemodialysis as a way to manage stress and improve quality of life.However,this study should be replicated in multiple settings with follow-up assessments.

The relationship between differentiation of self and satisfaction with life amongst Israeli women: A cross cultural perspective

The current study examined the relationships between satisfaction with life and differentiation of self among Jewish and Arab women living inIsrael. The sample included 268 participants: 114 Jewish women and 154 Arab women. For both ethnic groups, satisfaction with life was negatively correlated with emotional cutoff. Among Arab women, satisfaction with life was found positively associated with I-position, marriage duration and education. The examination of cross-cultural differences yielded several findings: Arab women reported higher levels of emotional reactivity and I-position than Jewish women. No cultural differences were found in the levels of fusion with others, emotional cutoff and satisfaction with life. The current findings show that working women, who are highly differentiated, are satisfied with life to a greater extent than non-working women who are poorly differentiated. In general, the research findings provide support to the universality of the Family Systems Theory, and to the argument that differentiation of self is an important factor which may influence emotional wellbeing in all cultures.

The Role of Life Orientation and Cognitive Regulation on Decreasing Job Stress

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between life orientation and cognitive emotion regulation with job stress. On this basis, a sample of 100 employees working in Guilan Education Office was used and research hypotheses were examined by job stress, life orientation and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that job stress has a significant relationship with life orientation (-0.32), self-blame (0.25), rumination (-0.36), positive refocusing (0.25), positive refocusing on program (-0.21), positive reappraisal (-0.28), catastrophizing (-0.39) and other blames (-0.25). Furthermore, life orientation and cognitive regulation could explain 22% variances in respondents’ job stress. This finding indicates that more positive life orientation and subsequent decrease of emotion-regulation-related disorders will lead to less job stress.

Effects of positive thinking intervention on negative emotions and quality of life in stroke patients:a scoping review

Objective:To analyze domestic and international studies on the effects of positive thought intervention therapy on negative emotions and the quality of life of stroke patients to provide a reference for future related studies.Methods:Using the scoping review method as a guide,computer searches of PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,China Vipers Full Text Database and China Biomedical Literature Database were conducted to collect relevant studies on the application of positive thinking interventions in stroke patients from the establishment to January 2023,and the literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the data were extracted and analyzed by two investigators independently.Results:The search yielded 964 publications,and a total of 19 were included.The time of publication,study site,study population,study design,study length,and type of results of the included studies was summarized and analyzed.Conclusions:Positive thinking-based interventions have shown significant changes in negative emotions such as anxiety and depression in stroke patients and can reduce somatic pain,enhance their social integration,and improve their quality of life.However,interventions in the areas of self-compassion,artificial intelligence and the adoption of tailoring need to be further explored.

Influence of standardized nursing intervention combined with mindfulness stress reduction training on the curative effect in patients with acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common inflammatory disease of the pancreas with high mortality rates.It is of great significance to take scientific intervention measures for patients with AP in time.AIM To explore the effect of standardized nursing combined with mindfulness stress reduction training on the curative effect,negative emotion,and quality of life in patients with acute pancreatitis.METHODS A total of 80 patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District Hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were randomly divided into control group and observation group(n=40).Patients in control group were given the standardized nursing intervention,and the observation group were given standardized nursing plus mindfulness stress reduction training intervention.The time of clinical symptom disappeared or improved,complication occurrence rate,emotional state,and quality of life score of the two groups were observed and compared.RESULTS In comparison with the control group,the bowel sound recovery time,ventosity and abdominal pain improvement time,and venting and cacation time in observation group were shorter,and the total incidence rate of complications was reduced,showing statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The scores of anxiety and depression in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1βand IL-8 in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The scores of life quality in physiology,psychology,environment and social relations in observation group were higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The application of standardized nursing intervention combined with mindfulness stress reduction training in patients with acute pancreatitis has a definite effect,which can help to ameliorate the clinical symptoms,anxiety and depression of patients,reduce the incidence rate of complications,and improve the prognosis of patients.

Music in depression: Neural correlates of emotional experience in remitted depression

AIM: To investigate neural and behavioral correlates of emotional experiences as potential vulnerability markers in remitted depression. METHODS: Fourteen remitted participants with a history of major depression and fourteen closely matched healthy control participants took part in the study. We used two psychiatric interviews(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and one self-report scale(Beck Depression Inventory) to assess remission. Healthy control participants were interviewed by an experienced psychiatrist to exclude those who showed any current or lifetime psychiatric or neurological disorders. To explore psychosocialand cognitive-interpersonal underpinnings of potential vulnerability markers of depression, early life stress, coping styles and alexithymia were also assessed. We induced pleasant and unpleasant emotional states using congruent combinations of music and human emotional faces to investigate neural and behavioral correlates of emotional experiences; neutral stimuli were used as a control condition. Brain responses were recorded using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Behavioral responses of pleasantness, arousal, joy and fear were measured via button-press inside the resonance imaging scanner. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 54.9(± 11.3) years. There were no differences between remitted depressed(RD)(n = 14; 9 females and 5 males) and healthy participants(n = 14; 8 females and 6 males) regarding age, current degree of depression, early life stress, coping styles and alexithymia. On a neural level, RD participants showed reduced activations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex(pg ACC) in response to pleasant [parameter estimates:-0.78 vs 0.32; t(26) =-3.41, P < 0.05] and unpleasant [parameter estimates:-0.88 vs 0.56; t(26)=-4.02, P < 0.05] emotional stimuli. Linear regression analysis revealed that pg ACC activity was modulated by early life stress [β =-0.48; R2 = 0.23, F(1,27) = 7.83, P < 0.01] and taskoriented coping style [β = 0.63; R2 = 0.37, F(1,27) = 16.91, P < 0.001]. Trait anxiety modulated hippocampal responses to unpleasant stimuli [β = 0.62; R2= 0.38, F(1,27) = 15.95, P < 0.001]. Interestingly, in their reported experiences of pleasantness, arousal, happiness and fear in response to pleasant, unpleasant and neutral stimuli, RD participants did not differ significantly from healthy control participants. Adding trait anxiety or alexithymia as a covariate did not change the results.CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that, in euthymic individuals, depression history alters neural correlates, but not the subjective dimension of pleasant and unpleasant emotional experiences.

Health-related quality of life and perceived social support among cancer palliative patients in Saudi Arabia

Aim:This study aims to describe health-related quality of life(HRQL),identify factors associated with HRQL physical and mental health domains,and explore the association between perceived social supports and HRQL among cancer palliative patients in Saudi Arabia.Methods:A cross-sectional study is applied.The validated European Organization for Cancer Research and Treatment,the EORTC QLQ-15 palliative care scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS)have been used.A convenience sample of(N=301)palliative cancer patients was collected from two main regional cancer centers in Riyadh.Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.Results:Results indicate that overall quality of life showed a significant positive correlation with perceived family and friend support,sub-factors of perceived social support.Regression analysis showed that the overall model experienced 69.0%of the variance for global health statutes with F(4,7)=7.149 P<0.001.Physical functioning,emotional functioning,and family support were found to be significant predictors of global health status.Family and Friend support were found to be significant positive predictors of emotional functioning.Conclusions:The inpatient and outpatient treatment can vary at different stages and in different areas,family and friend support has been highlighted as necessary in this context.Physical and emotional factors have been demonstrated in older age(geriatric)patients as they may have debilitating diseases that can limit their functioning hence support the case for more palliative care.

Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients

Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM) need psychological support throughout their life span from the time of diagnosis. The psychological make-up of the patients with DM play a central role in self-management behaviors. Without patient's adherence to the effective therapies, there would be persistent sub-optimal contro of diseases, increase diabetes-related complications,causing deterioration in quality of life, resulting in increased healthcare utilization and burden on healthcare systems. However, provision of psychosocial support is generally inadequate due to its challenging nature of needs and demands on the healthcare systems. This review article examines patient's psychological aspects in general, elaborates in particular about emotion effects on health, and emotion in relation to other psychological domains such as cognition, self-regulation,self-efficacy and behavior. Some descriptions are also provided on willpower, resilience, illness perception and proactive coping in relating execution of new behaviors,coping with future-oriented thinking and influences of illness perception on health-related behaviors. These psychological aspects are further discussed in relationto DM and interventions for patients with DM. Equipped with the understanding of the pertinent nature of psychology in patients with DM; and knowing the links between the psychological disorders, inflammation and cardiovascular outcomes would hopefully encourages healthcare professionals in giving due attention to the psychological needs of patients with DM.

Application of positive behavior management in patients after breast cancer surgery

BACKGROUND As a radical treatment,breast cancer surgery has a positive psychological impact on most patients.However,some patients do not have a clear understanding of the disease,which requires a more scientific and comprehensive consideration during clinical intervention and are based on cognition.The positive behavior management model is based on this kind of background-derived new interventions,which can better serve the clinical rehabilitation process of patients.The positive behavior management model based on cognitive architecture is a new type of intervention derived from this background,which can better serve the clinical rehabilitation process of patients.AIM To analyze the influence of a positive behavior management model based on cognitive framework on the degree of hope and self-efficacy of patients with breast cancer surgery.METHODS Eighty-four patients with breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from August 2016 to December 2018 were included in the study.The patients were divided into the experimental group(n=42)and control group(n=42)by random number table grouping.The control group received traditional nursing intervention,while the experimental group received a positive behavior management model based on cognitive framework based on the traditional intervention of the control group.General Self-efficacy Scale,Herth Hope Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Cancer Patient Specific Scale were used to evaluate the two groups before and 1 wk after intervention.RESULTS After the intervention,self-efficacy and hope level of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).The quality of life scores in all aspects in the experimental group after intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The positive behavior management model based on cognitive framework applied to patients with breast cancer surgery improved hope for treatment and selfefficacy,reduced negative emotion,and improved quality of life.

Impact of extended nursing model after multi-disciplinary treatment on young patient with post-stroke

BACKGROUND Stroke has become one of the most serious life-threatening diseases due to its high morbidity,disability,recurrence and mortality rates.AIM To explore the intervention effect of multi-disciplinary treatment(MDT)extended nursing model on negative emotions and quality of life of young patients with post-stroke.METHODS A total of 60 young stroke patients who were hospitalized in the neurology department of our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 30 patients in each group.The control group used the conventional care model and the experimental group used the MDT extended nursing model.After the inhospital and 3-mo post-discharge interventions,the differences in negative emotions and quality of life scores between the two groups were evaluated and analyzed at the time of admission,at the time of discharge and after discharge,respectively.RESULTS There are no statistically significant differences in the negative emotions scores between the two groups at admission,while there are statistically significant differences in the negative emotions scores within each group at admission and discharge,at discharge and post-discharge,and at discharge and post-discharge.In addition,the negative emotions scores were all statistically significant at discharge and after discharge when compared between the two groups.There was no statistically significant difference in quality of life scores at the time of admission between the two groups,and the difference between quality of life scores at the time of admission and discharge,at the time of discharge and post-discharge,and at the time of admission and post-discharge for each group of patients was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The MDT extended nursing mode can improve the negative emotion of patients and improve their quality of life.Therefore,it can be applied in future clinical practice and is worthy of promotion.

Clinical value of ankle flexion and extension exercises combined with a psychological intervention in knee osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND Considering the limited effectiveness of clinical interventions for knee osteoarthritis(KOA),it is necessary to continue to explore appropriate and effective treatment strategies to improve the condition of KOA patients.AIM To clarify the influence of ankle flexion and extension exercises combined with a psychological intervention on the psychological status and activities of daily living(ADLs)of patients with KOA.METHODS The research participants were 116 KOA patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May 2019 and May 2022,including 54 patients receiving routine treatment,care and psychological intervention(control group)and 62 patients additionally treated with ankle flexion and extension exercises(research group).The two groups were comparatively analyzed in terms of psychological status(Self-rating Anxiety/Depression Scale,SDS/SAS),ADLs,knee joint function(Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale),pain(Visual Analog Scale,VAS),fatigue(Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory,MFI),and quality of life(QoL;Short-Form 36 Item Health Survey,SF-36).RESULTS After evaluation,it was found that the postinterventional SDS,SAS,VAS,and MFI scores in the research group were significantly reduced compared with the baseline(before the intervention)values and those of the control group,while the postinterventional Lysholm,ADL and SF-36 scores were markedly elevated.CONCLUSION Therefore,ankle flexion and extension exercises are highly effective in easing negative psychological status,enhancing ADLs,daily living ability,knee joint function and QoL,and relieving pain and fatigue in KOA patients,thus warranting clinical promotion.

Maugham's Notion of Predestination as Reflected in Of Human Bondage

Of Human Bondage is generally acknowledged as Maugham's masterpiece and is one of the best realistic English pop novels of the early 20th century, so critics always emphasize its importance as a masterpiece that reveals the cruel reality of the society. But in fact Maugham's philosophy is mainly focused on the meaning of life. Here in this book, through the description of Philip's suppressed emotion for the beauty of life and his untouchable passion for the atonement of his imperfectness, Maugham shows us his own philosophy of life that in this futile world, people are so powerless that we could do nothing in changing our fate. All our struggles are not against our fate, but against ourselves. In his mind, life is futile, meaningless, and when people realize this and accept their status quo, they would reach the source of happiness, but this kind of happiness is not for me. The arguments that I really want to show you is not only the pessimistic and cynical predetermination, but the enthusiasm to fight against our life even if we knew nothing would change.

创造力与大学生生命意义感:积极情绪和创造性自我效能感的作用

为考察创造力与大学生生命意义感之间的关系,以及积极情绪和创造性自我效能感在其中的作用,本研究采用Runco创新观念行为量表、积极情绪量表、创造性自我效能感问卷和生命意义问卷对665名大学生进行了测查。结果显示:(1)创造力、积极情绪、创造性自我效能感和生命意义感之间存在两两正相关关系;(2)积极情绪在创造力与生命意义感之间起部分中介作用;(3)创造性自我效能感调节了创造力影响生命意义感的直接路径,随着创造性自我效能感的提升,创造力对生命意义感的预测作用减弱。本研究在理论上揭示了创造力对生命意义感的作用及其机制,对大学生生命意义教育具有一定实践参考价值。

多学科团队模式干预对老年帕金森病患者情绪睡眠及生活质量的影响

目的探讨多学科团队模式干预对老年帕金森病患者负性情绪、睡眠障碍及生活质量的影响。方法以86例老年帕金森病患者为研究对象,按入院顺序分为对照组和观察组各43例。两组患者均接受常规诊疗,观察组患者在常规诊疗基础上接受多学科团队模式干预。比较两组患者干预前后汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、帕金森睡眠量表(PDSS)和帕金森病患者生活质量问卷(PDQ-39)的评分。结果干预后两组患者HAMD评分、HAMA评分、PDQ-39评分均较干预前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01);干预后两组患者PDSS评分均较干预前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论对老年帕金森病患者应用多学科团队模式干预可以缓解负性情绪、改善睡眠、提高生活质量。