Application of Community TCM Constitution Identification in Health Management of the Elderly

Objective:To study the effect of adding traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution identification to the health management of the elderly in Shuangzhao street of Xianyang city.Methods:A total of 142 elderly people were selected from January 2019 to January 2021 in this community and were divided into two groups which consists of 71 participants each.In the reference group,where health management is done based on the current routine of the health management measures of the community;on the other hand,the subjects of the experimental group incorporatesTCM Constitution identification to their health management routine.During the course of the experiment,the level of health awareness,the scores of physical indicators and quality of life,and the subjects’satisfaction with health management were compared between the two groups.Results:According to the statistical analysis of the experimental results,the level of health awareness of experimental subjects was 98.59%,while that of the reference group was only 76.06%,the difference between the two groups was significant and P<0.05;Based on the scores of physical indicators and quality of life of the subjects,the experimental group had significant advantages over those in the reference group(P<0.05);Questionnaires were used to investigate the subjects’satisfaction with health management.The satisfaction of the experimental group was 95.83%,while the satisfaction of the reference group was 80.28%,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Constitution of TCM identification application in community health management measures for the elderly can not only effectively improve the community elderly’s health knowledgeandact as a good disease prevention measure,but also can obviously improve the elderly’sphysical index and the quality of life.Besides,it also help build harmonious relations among residents of a community,and is worth popularizing among communities.

Classification of traditional Chinese medicine constitution based on facial features in color images

Objective:To explore the possible correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution and facial features in color images and to improve the accuracy of automated constitution classification.Methods:Color images were taken of 5150 individuals of different professions.Automated face detection and key point positioning were performed on the collected images,which were then transformed into a standard size.The relationship between facial features and TCM constitution based on the red,green,blue(RGB)pixel and the local binary pattern(LBP)texture features was explored.Results:The overall accuracy rate and robustness of TCM constitution classification based on RGB features were low.Classification results of the phlegm-dampness,damp-heat,blood stasis,and balance constitutions achieved high accuracy rates.Classification accuracy rate using the LBP texture feature was higher than that of the RGB feature,with the best accuracy observed for the balance constitution.Conclusion:Application of computer image acquisition and processing of facial features may serve as an adjunct to the TCM diagnostic method of inspection.

Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Theory in Insomnia

With the development of modern bio-psycho-social medical model and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution theory,we gradually realize that the exploration of the constitution characteristics of insomnia is of great significance for the reveal of the origin of insomnia and the innovation of its treatment and nursing methods.This paper focused on the analysis of the investigation of TCM constitution classification of insomnia and the application of TCM constitution theory in the treatmentand nursing of insomnia.Moreover,the research prospect of insomnia in TCM constitution was discussed.The purpose is to provide theoretical basis for the treatment and nursing of patients with insomnia based on analysis of constitution differentiationin the future,and to better serve the clinic.

Application of TCM constitution in lifetime health maintenance

Healthy full life cycle has become an important national strategy,which indicates that attention needs to be given to human health throughout the life course.The full life cycle includes the whole process of conception and birth,development,growth,aging,and death,which has been recorded in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Medicine.From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution theory,the TCM constitution focuses on the life process in a continuous evolution based on individual development at different phases or stages from infancy to senility.The development of TCM constitution is beneficial in accumulating the theoretical and practical experience for promoting the application of TCM constitution health service into the full life cycle,and providing theory,technique and method for TCM health service in the full life cycle,as well.Through this review,we've found that TCM constitution has being widely used for clinical practice,but still needs further improvement.

The Foundation of the Classification and Diagnosis Standards for the Constitulions of TCM

The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ConstitutionClassification and the Constitutions in Chinese MedicineQuestionnaire (CCMQ) are based on nearly 30 years' researchon physique structure,physiological functions,psychologicalcharacteristics and reactive states.Epidemiology,immunology,molecular biology,genetics,mathematical statistics and multicrosseddisciplines were applied and many arguments were putforward by TCM experts,epidemiological specialists and constitutionexperts to establish the standardization tool Classificationand Diagnosis Standards for the Constitutions of TCM.At thesame time,basic research on constitution classification wasconducted to supply the objective basis of the classification standards.The Standards were used to conduct 21,948 cases ofepidemiological investigation on a national scale and showedgreat applicability,practicability and maneuverability.TheStandards were applied abroad in the medical services of TCMand were also an effective tool in the development of preventivetreatment of diseases by TCM.

The theory development of traditional Chinese medicine constitution: a review

Traditional Chinese medicine constitution (TCMC),as one of the most important parts of Chinese medicine theory,attracted the attention of more and more researchers and many research projects were conducted during past several decades in China's Mainland.This review provided a historic overview of TCMC theory and research progress in its classification,evaluation criteria and epidemiology,so as to give people through a different lens to understand human health.

Discrimination of TCM constitutions by biochemical and routine urine indexes

Objective:To investigate whether the specific traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution of individuals can be defined by certain biological indexes instead of answering the questionnaire,and to explore the possibility of discriminating nine TCM constitutions from each other simultaneously using biological indexes.Methods:Blood and urine samples from 152 individuals with nine TCM constitutions were collected,and the related biological indexes were analyzed combining ANOVA,multiple comparison,discriminant analysis,and support vector machine.Results:We found that 4 out of 24 blood routine indexes,7 out of 10 urine routine indexes,and 12 out of 32 biochemical indexes showed differences among the constitutions.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein,apolipoprotein A1,and alkaline phosphatase were potential candidates for screening out individuals with unbalanced constitutions.Combining uric acid,high-density lipoprotein,apolipoprotein A1,creatine kinase,total protein,aspartate aminotransferase,total bile acid,dehydrogenase,sodium,and calcium levels had the potential to directly distinguish the nine TCM constitutions from each other.Among these indexes,the highest ratio of discriminant analysis between two constitutions was 95.5%,while the lowest was 66.1%.Conclusion:Our results suggest that some biochemical and urine indexes are related to various TCM constitutions,and thus they have the potential to be used for TCM constitution classification.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the research on the relationship between TCM constitution type and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective:Through literature research,the distribution of TCM constitution of nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD)was discussed,the common constitution types of the disease were determined,and medical evidence was provided for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD by traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:The literatures on the correlation between NAFLD and TCM constitution published in domestic journals from the database establishment to April 2020 were searched with"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and TCM constitution"as the search term,and screening,quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted according to the na exclusion criteria.Statistical software stata16.0 was used for meta analysis of the included literature.Results:Sixteen studies were included.The results showed that the proportions of TCM constitution types and 95%CI of NAFLD patients were phlegm-dampness0.28(0.24,0.31),moisture-heat0.16(0.13,0.20),qi-asthenia0.13(0.10,0.16),qi-stagnation0.11(0.06,0.17),qi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi--stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),blood stasis0.07(0.04,0.08),yang-asthenia0.06(0.04,0.08),and special report 0.02(0.01,0.02).Conclusion:The common constitution types of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver are phlegm-dam-pness,damp-heat,q-asthenia,and mild,especially phlegm-dampness,which are most closely related to nonalcoholic fatty liver.

TCM syndrome types and the related factors in 145 cases of renal cell carcinoma

Background:To analyze the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and the related factors in patients with renal cell carcinoma,and to provide further guidance for the relapse prevention and combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in postoperative renal cancer patients.Methods:A retrospective survey was conducted to establish a postoperative clinical symptom assessment scale for patients with renal cell carcinoma.The distribution of TCM syndromes in 145 patients with renal cell carcinoma was analyzed statistically.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between different TCM syndromes and risk factors.Results:The postoperative TCM syndromes of patients with cell carcinoma were mainly spleen-kidney deficiency(38.6%),liver-kidney Yin deficiency(15.9%),spleen-kidney Yang deficiency(13.1%),and damp-heat pouring downward(9.7%).The incidence of severe spleen-kidney Qi deficiency syndrome and spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was statistically different from that of liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome(P<0.05).The history of drinking and body mass index≥24 kg/m2 were risk factors for spleen-kidney Qi deficiency syndrome;the history of hypertension was a protective factor for liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome after renal cancer surgery;male was a protective factor for patients with renal cancer who had damp-heat pouring downward syndrome;smoking history and drinking history were risk factors for damp-heat pouring downward;age was a protective factor for spleen-kidney Yang deficiency after renal cancer surgery.Conclusion:This study found that spleen-kidney Qi deficiency syndrome,liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome,spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome,dampness and heat injection syndrome were the common TCM syndrome types after renal cell carcinoma patients.There was a correlation between the TCM syndromes of renal cell carcinoma and the risk factors such as drinking history,overweight and obesity,smoking history and drinking history.The distribution of TCM syndromes and its correlation with risk factors in renal cell carcinoma patients after surgery can provide ideas for clinical treatment and prognosis.

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Theory in Patients with Cervical Spondylosis

This paper expounds the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution applied to patients with cervical spondylosis,in order to clarify the distribution characteristics of TCM constitution of patients with cervical spondylosis.And to analyze the correlation between TCM constitution theory and cervical spondylosis is helpful to provide ideas for integrated nursing care of TCM and western medicine in patients with cervical spondylosis,and provide the basis for the construction of health management program and the evaluation of health promotion effect.

Discussion on depression by thinking of t raditional Chinese medicine

Depression is a common mental disease characterized by abnormal emotional changes,which belongs to the category of“melancholia syndrome”and Chinese emotion medicine.The main clinical manifestations are mood depression,loss of interest,hallucinations,self-harm,and even suicide.Etiology and pathogenesis can be divided into“inner depression”and“outer depression”,and is related to the susceptibility of the constitution.The diagnosis can be combined with four diagnoses and new techniques.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment methods include TCM,psychotherapy,acupuncture,music therapy and so on.TCM treatment of depression has a long history,strong symptomatic,little side effects.It is forward-looking to explore new ideas of understanding and treating depression syndrome with TCM theory,which is helpful to better“prevention before disease”.TCM therapy will certainly play an important role in the treatment of depression in the future.

Association between body-constitution type and vascular endothelial dysfunction: A cross-sectional study in an adult obese/ overweight population

Objective:To measure vascular endothelial function (VED) in obese/overweight people grouped according to the constitutional theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).We wished to predict the risk of VED and cardiovascular diseases in obese/overweight populations.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study.Eighty-six obese/overweight volunteers from Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were enrolled and divided into four groups based on body-constitution type:phlegm dampness (PD);phlegm dampness with blood stasis (PDBS);qi-deficiency (QD);balance (BA).Height,weight,waist circumference and hip circumference were measured,and percent body fat and reactive hyperemia index (RHI) calculated.Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),von Willebrand factor (vWF) and plasma endothelial-1 (ET-1) were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:The RHI and vWF levels in the PDBS group were significantly lower than those in the BA group and QD group (P <.05),but there was no significant difference compared with the PD group (P >.05).These two indicators displayed no significant differences among BA,QD,and PD groups (P >.05).There was no significant difference among the four groups in level of ET-1 or VEGF (P >.05).Conclusion:Of the four indicators selected,the RHI and vWF displayed significant differences between the PDBS group and BA group,and between the PDBS group and QD group.Hence,in an obese/overweight population with different constitutional types,compared with BA and QD groups,a relatively higher risk of suffering from VED was detected in the PDBS group.Meanwhile,this study provides the experimental basis for confirming the feasibility of constitutional classification in obese/overweight population.

Study of 160 breast cancer patients with distant metastasis after operation by way of TCM syndromes classification

Objective: To discuss the relationship between the postoperative breast cancer with distant metastasis and the TCM syndromes classification. Methods: 160 postoperative 5-year breast cancer patients from 1995 to 2000 were tracked, summed up and analysized TCM syndromes as stagnation of hepatic qi, deficiency of spleen and pathogenic phlegm reten- tion, blood stasis and toxin stagnation, deficiencies of both blood and qi. Results: (1) For blood stasis and toxin stagnation TCM syndrome, the metastatic rate raised to 45% during 5 years. However, the metastatic rates of other three TCM syn- dromes are 15%, 17.5% and 22.5% respectively. The general distant metastasis rate was 27.5% (P<0.01). (2) Lymph node metastasis, tumor size, Her-2 and its receptor have no obvious relation with TCM syndromes classification (P>0.05). Conclu- sion: (1) TCM syndrome classification has close relation with breast cancer distant metastasis. Distant metastasis have close relationship with blood stasis and toxin stagnation syndrome. (2) Lymph node metastasis, tumor size, Her-2 and its receptor have no obvious relation with TCM syndromes classification, which suggested that metastatic ability has been programmed in the early stage of carcinoma initiation. (3) Significantly enlightening for predict the prognosis under the guide of TCM syn- drome classification and take right therapeutic strategy: attack pathogen and activate blood circulation against cancer.

A meta-analysis of the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver by soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen

Objective:Through literature research,the distribution of TCM constitution of nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD)was discussed,the common constitution types of the disease were determined,and medical evidence was provided for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD by traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:The literatures on the correlation between NAFLD and TCM constitution published in domestic journals from the database establishment to April 2020 were searched with"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and TCM constitution"as the search term,and screening,quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted according to the na exclusion criteria.Statistical software stata16.0 was used for meta analysis of the included literature.Results:Sixteen studies were included.The results showed that the proportions of TCM constitution types and 95%CI of NAFLD patients were phlegm-dampness0.28(0.24,0.31),moisture-heat0.16(0.13,0.20),qi-asthenia0.13(0.10,0.16),qi-stagnation0.11(0.06,0.17),qi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi--stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),blood stasis0.07(0.04,0.08),yang-asthenia0.06(0.04,0.08),and special report 0.02(0.01,0.02).Conclusion:The common constitution types of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver are phlegm-dam-pness,damp-heat,q-asthenia and mild,especially phlegm-dampness,which are most closely related to nonalcoholic fatty liver.

Regulating and tonifying spleen and kidney traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy: A systematic review

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for regulating spleen and kidney.Methods:We developed a search strategy and then retrieved the database including CNKI,Wanfang data knowledge service platform,VIP journals resource integration service platform,PubMed,Embasefor randomized controlled trial of regulating spleen and kidney traditional Chinese medicine compared with conventional western medicine in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy.The search deadline was set to June 30,2020.For the included literature,we applied the cochrane collaboration network risk bias assessment tool to evaluate the methodological quality,and evaluated the level of evidence according to GRADE standards.Quantitative data was analyzed by RevMan5.3 software,and trial sequential analysis method was used to analyze its efficiency.Results:A total of 709 cases in 10 articles were included.Compared with the control group,the related traditional Chinese medicine group improved the effective rate[RR=1.45,95%CI(1.32,1.58)],reduced the level of UA[MD=-36.24,95%CI(-41.03,-31.45)],BUN[SMD=-1.27,95%CI(-1.47,-1.07)]and SCR[MD=-36.33,95%CI(-55.79,-16.87),P=0.0003],the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no evidence that a significant adverse reaction occurred.The results of TSA analysis showed that the Chinese medicine group had definite evidence for improving the efficiency.According to the GRADE evaluation criteria,the efficiency,UA,BUN and SCR outcome indicators were extremely low-quality evidence.Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine for regulating spleen and kidney in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy improved efficiency,reduced the level of UA,BUN,SCR.Meanwhile,the therapy was proved to be safe.Nevertheless,the conclusions need further high-quality evidence to support.

Research progress of diabetes treatment guided by Traditional Chinese Medicine constitutional types

Diabetes and its complications seriously affect patients’life quality,and have a major impact on individuals,families,health systems,and national economies.Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution refers to the inherent characteristics of a relatively comprehensive and stable form,structure,physiological function,and psychological state formed under the combined effects of innate endowments and acquired in the course of an individual’s life.Many studies have shown that the constitution type is closely related to the incidence of diabetes,especially in the process of disease prevention and treatment.This article reviews the correlation of diabetes and its chronic complications with constitution types to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetes based on syndrome differentiation.

Clinical observation of Guipi Decoction Combined with non steroidal drugs on sleep in elderly patients with acute traumatic pain and Qi deficiency constitutionabortion

Objective:To explore the effect of Guipi Decoction Combined with non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on sleep time of elderly patients with traumatic pain and Qi deficiency constitution during hospitalization.Methods:A total of 52 elderly patients hospitalized in the orthopedic(trauma)ward of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from November 2020 to may 2021 were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.Patients in the control group were treated with loxoprofen sodium tablets immediately after admission,and placebo was added to loxoprofen sodium tablets from the second day of admission;The patients in the treatment group were treated with loxoprofen sodium tablets after admission.Guipi Decoction was added on the basis of loxoprofen sodium tablets from the second day of admission.Before and after admission,all patients used the TCM constitution classification judgment table to evaluate the score of qi deficiency and VAS;From the first day to the fourth day after admission,the bracelet was worn to monitor the sleep time(total sleep time,deep sleep time,light sleep time and awakening times)every night.The patients were scored by VAS after taking drugs every morning.Results:Finally 25 patients in the control group and 24 patients in the treatment group completed the experiment.There was no significant difference in gender,age,fracture location,chronic medical history VAS score and TCM Qi deficiency constitution score,between two groups at admission(P>0.05).At the time of discharge,the score of qi deficiency constitution in the treatment group was 33.724±12.634;The TCM Qi deficiency constitution score of the control group was 42.25±15.912,and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05);and there was significant difference in VAS score between the two groups at discharge(P<0.05).There were significant differences in total sleep time,light sleep time,deep sleep time and night awakening times between the two groups on the second,third and fourth day of admission(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Guipi Decoction can significantly improve the sleep time of patients with Qi deficiency acute traumatic pain.2.Guipi Decoction can not only improve the constitution of patients with Qi deficiency bias,but also improve the VAS score at discharge.

Progress in the study of Yang-deficiency constitution in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine:a narrative review

The Yang-deficiency constitution has been a hot topic of interest in recent years.Important research progress has been made in quantitative diagnostic criteria and auxiliary identification technologies,modern biological interpretations of the constitution characteristics,the association between the Yang-deficiency constitution and diseases,as well as the mechanisms of regulating the constitution.Yet,there are still some deficiencies and limitations.Herein,we systematically reviewed the research progress on the Yang-deficiency constitution by searching articles published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,Wanfang Database,PubMed,and Embase.The future development direction of the Yangdeficiency constitution should focus on developing objective constitution identification techniques,establishing animal models of Yang-deficiency constitution,conducting constitutional and diseaserelated research with a high level of evidence,combined with research on the full chain of the nine constitutions so as to obtain more scientific and objective conclusions.

A brief history of human constitutionology

Human constitutionology studies human itself, which was proposed by Dr. Kuang. The study on human constitution in Chinese medicine has ever increased since the late 1970s. This review on the development of human constitutionology in Chinese Traditional Medicine (TCM) and western medicine is expected to give people with a different background to understand the establishment of this new subject, and its significance in promoting modernization of TCM and multi-disciplinary collaboration in human study and as an individualized model guiding the re-orientation of modern medicine.

Construction of an Early Warning Model for Ischemic Stroke Recurrence Based on Generalized Estimating Equation

Objective:To explore the appropriate modeling method of the early warning model of ischemic stroke recurrence in TCM.Methods:This was a prospective,multi-center and registered study conducted in 7 clinical subcenters from 8 provinces and 10 cities in China between 3rd November 2016 and 27th April,2019.1,741 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were recruited.Univariate analysis was carried out using distance correlation coefficient,mutual information entropy,and statistical correlation test.Multivariate analysis adopted multi-factor Cox regression model and combined with expert opinions in the field of stroke to determine modeling variables.The generalized estimating equation of longitudinal data and the Cox proportional hazard regression model of cross-sectional data were used to construct and compare in the early warning model of ischemic stroke recalls.The area under the ROC curve(AUC value)was used to evaluate the early warning capability of the model.Results:The follow-up time was 1-3 years,and the median follow-up time was 1.42 years(95%CI:1.37-1.47).Recurrence events occurred in 175 cases,and the cumulative recurrence rate was 10.05%(95%CI:8.64%-11.47%).The AUC values of the TCM syndrome and TCM constitution model were 0.71809 and 0.72668 based on the generalized estimating equation and the AUC values.Conclusion:The generalized estimating equation may be more suitable for the construction of early warning models of stroke recurrence with TCM characteristics,which provides a certain reference for the evaluation of secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.