Sustainability Assessment and Ranking of Run of the River(RoR) Hydropower Projects Using Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP):A Study from Western Himalayan Region of India

In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power generation.However,the governments are now facing the dilemma whether to promote small hydropower projects(SHPs) or encourage large hydropower projects(LHPs).RoR large hydropower projects result into large scale cutting of mountains for constructing tunnels and access roads,generation of huge quantity of muck and large scale impact on flora and fauna due to diversion of rivers/streams.On the other hand,though SHPs are claimed to be greener and more sustainable by a section of researchers and energy planners but,they will be required to be set up in large number to generate equivalent amount of electricity.The aim of this study is to rank the most sustainable installed capacity range of RoR hydropower projects.To achieve this aim,the study proposes the use of quite popular multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method of Operation Research named Analytical Hierarchy Process.A case study has been presented from Himachal Pradesh,a hydro rich state located in the western Himalayan region.As per sustainability assessment carried out in this study,hydropower projects in the capacity range 1 to 5 MW have been ranked to be the most sustainable.

On the National Symptoms of Boar Crossing the River:One Hundred Years of Solitude in a Malaysian Chinese Village

After the famous“Rainforest Trilogy”such as Monkey Cup and Elephants,Zhang Guixing,a Malaysian Chinese writer in Taiwan,recently published another Nanyang story Boar Crossing the River,in the background of anti-Japanese War,focusing on the massacres and resistance of the Chinese in Krokop,a Malaysian Chinese village in Borneo from 1941 to 1945 according to a list of“Committee for the Relief of Refugees of the Motherland”.In this novel,Zhang Guixing changes the accustomed narrative mode of individual family history,expands the description to the group images of the Chinese in Krokop,highlights their patriotic sacrifice,and saves the reality of the slaughter of the compatriots by magic means such as the myths and legends of Borneo and masks in children’s imagination.It is also noteworthy that the novel talks about the relationship between individual freedom and national identity in depth,and describes the tragic fate of cross-national love in the period of national opposition.These nation-state discourses in Boar Crossing the River are Zhang Guixing’s biggest transitions when missing in the literary world for 17 years,which indicate a landmark progress in his spiritual history.

An Analysis of Africans’ Blind Worship Towards European Culture in V. S. Naipaul’s A Bend in the River

As an important early work of Nobel laureate Naipaul and a model of postcolonial works,A Bend in the River has been studied for decades.It is not hard to find Africans’blind worship towards European culture after reading this book.This paper aims to explore the manifestations of Africans’blind worship towards European culture in the novel by a close reading and acts as a wake-up call for almost every nations existing in the age of globalization to firm their own national cultural stand and enhance cultural confidence so as to remain invincible in the unprecedented changes.

Silt Charge of Water in the River Sluch:Dynamics on Length and in Time

Change silt charge of water in the rivers can negatively be reflected in throughput the rivers beds,stability of coast,change of river structures,dis­appearance of boggy places,etc.In work questions of variability silt charge waters in the river Sluch in time and on length of the river are considered.It is revealed that in time average and maximal silt charge waters decrease.While on length of the river change silt charge waters is shown not precise­ly,similar on some increase silt charge waters to a mouth of the river.The researches led by the factorial analysis and graphic-analytical method on the basis of long-term materials of measurement of charges of water have shown that,on a part of posts average depth of water in the river grows,and on others-cyclically changes with the general tendency to reduction.Aver­age speed in them,accordingly,falls and grows.Stratification of interrela­tions of a silt charge with other factors on years is observed.The reasons of reduction of a silt charge are:1)agrarian and forest meliorative actions on a catchments of the river,hydraulic engineering construction;2)grassy bed of the river;3)change of a climate that promotes growth of temperature of a surface of soils and grassy bed of the river.In developed natural-climatic conditions expediently application on reservoirs of the antierosion organi­zation of territory of the land tenure including agrarian-forests-meliorative actions that will allow to adjust outflow of a moisture from reservoirs to lower warming up of a surface of the soils,to provide against a high water protection and it will favorably be reflected in manufacture of agricultural production.

Life is Elsewhere:An Interpretation of Tirra Lirra By the River from the Diasporic Theory

Jessica Anderson rose to prominence until her fourth novel Tirra Lirra by the River won the 1979 Miles Franklin Award.The novel details the vagrant life of a lonely diaspora.From the perspective of diasporic theory,this paper investigates Nora’s dia⁃sporic reasons and her successful construction of identity in a strange region,aiming at demonstrating Anderson’s concern on the diasporic women.In the novel,the influence of British cultural colonization results in Nora’s feeling of being caught between two cultures and her lack of sense of belonging.At the same time,Nora is confined in the suburbia,a restrictive realm of the housework and child rearing.Consequently,she decides to migrate to London to search for her ideal home and pursue her freedom.

A Numerical Model for Mixing Areas of Pollutant Discharging into Tidal Flows

A combined numerical model for computing mixing areas of pollution vertical jet discharging into tidal flows has been developed. This numerical model is composed of a 2-D depth-averaged dynamic far-field numerical model and a 2-D vertical dynamic near-field numerical model. The former uses finite node method to compute velocity, and improved finite node method to compute pollutant concentration distribution; the latter is a k-e turbulence model, and uses SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations) method to compute velocity. At the same time, the former provides boundary conditions for the latter. This model can simulate both far- field pollutant concentration distribution and near-field vertical recirculation quickly and precisely. This model has been verified by measured data of pollutant F of the Dachang reach of the Changjing River and test data presented by Chen el al. (1992). On the basis of verification, the authors use a designed hydrograph to compute this mixing area for a certain amount of wastewater discharging into the river.

Just Around the River Bend

China vows to stimulate business and development in the stagnant Tumen River region to expand trade into northeast

Reining the River

Concerned about the effects of increasing water scarcity on economic development, China hopes a new law will save the Yellow River The first day of August marked what could be a new page in the history of China's long-suffering "mother river." That day, a regulation took effect that for the first time in histo-

Crossing the River Frontier trade with Russia gives the Chinese border town of Heihe a taste of prosperity

Aglimpse at the Heihe Island International Trade Center offers a vivid insight into how far the business has progressed. The center

Drizzle Families by the River

Chen Chuan works as a professional painter in northern China at the Shandong Provincial Art Gallery Born and raised in the south, he has a deep attachment to China’s southern lakes. His works, depicting the lakes, have been exhibited and won awards both at home and abroad. Showing a special flavor of ink and wash, Chen applies water color blick nrintina with liaht color convevina emotion. He drew materials

A NEAR-FIELD NUMERICAL MODEL FOR A VERTICAL JET DISCHARGING INTO TIDAL FLOWS

A 2-D vertical dynamic near-field numerical model is developed for the simulation of a vertical jet discharging into tidal flows. This model is a k-εturbulent model. The semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equations is used to solve all the governing equations, which are discretized by control volume method. The model has been tested by water channel experiments. On this basis, the designed hydrological condition for one plan of wastewater of the Dachang district discharging into the Changjiang River has been obtained by this model.