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Economic and Social Impact of China’s Aging Population and Public Policy Response 被引量:11
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作者 Wang Guangzhou Wang Jun 《China Economist》 2021年第1期78-107,共30页
In mapping out China’s future development,policymakers must bear in mind the challenges from a falling birthrate and aging society.Based on previous demographic censuses and original data of large sample surveys,this... In mapping out China’s future development,policymakers must bear in mind the challenges from a falling birthrate and aging society.Based on previous demographic censuses and original data of large sample surveys,this study employed an indirect method for estimating China’s total fertility rate(TFR)and a demographic forecast method based on the parity progression ratio(PPR).Our analysis details the socioeconomic implications behind demographic change,and we have proposed public policy countermeasures.The findings include:(i)China’s ultra-low fertility rate over the past three decades has led to an increasingly aging society,and China’s future fertility rate is likely to continue to decrease.(ii)Around 2024,China’s total population is expected to peak at 1.407 billion,followed by chronic negative population growth at an accelerating pace.By 2050,China’s newborn population will shrink to 8.73 million and the aging population will increase to roughly 30%of the total population resulting in the total dependency ratio above 50%.(iii)With a falling birthrate and aging society,China will face unprecedented challenges with respect to education,employment,and pension.(iv)As a public policy response,China should remove birth control altogether.If the fertility rate continues to stall,policymakers should consider issuing policies to encourage birth and create a birth-friendly society for all birth cycles. 展开更多
关键词 falling birthrate aging society education EMPLOYMENT elderly health removal of birth control
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John Milton's Ongoing Project of Protestant Enlightenment in Paradise Lost
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作者 WANG Su-fang 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2016年第4期380-387,共8页
For some critics, the publication of Milton's Paradise Lost in 1667 suggests his taking religious retreat from his previous political investment in both the Commonwealth Government (1649-1653) and Oliver Cromwell'... For some critics, the publication of Milton's Paradise Lost in 1667 suggests his taking religious retreat from his previous political investment in both the Commonwealth Government (1649-1653) and Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate that was abnegated by the return of King Charles II in 1660. Not to mention that Milton's flamboyant portrayal of Satan appears to be a critique of republicanism: Just as the republicans who revolted against the monarchy, Satan tempts other angels to rebel against the omnipotent God and gain their freedom. This transgressive betrayal fails and is punished in Paradise Lost. However, when the strict censorship of the writings of Milton's contemporaries is taken into account, the strategies employed in Milton's Paradise Lost become clearer: It may be read as a veiled critique of kingship hiding behind the facade of a criticism of republicanism so as to circumvent censorship. In other words, the work may have surreptitiously conveyed a hidden message for his English citizens. That message may be indirectly delivered through Milton's innovative elaboration of the fall of Man, which is roughly described in the Genesis. Therefore, this essay argues that Milton veils the seed of political reform in the moral lessons conveyed in his presentation of the psychological dynamic of Adam and Eve's fall. In addition, this essay further explores how Milton endeavors to re-shape the national consciousness of the 17th century English people through alternate historical awareness. 展开更多
关键词 the fall of Adam and eve free will fortitude
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日本少子化的现状及成因分析 被引量:5
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作者 黄小葵 《广播电视大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 2005年第2期107-110,共4页
少子化是发达国家共有的社会现象,因少子化而引发的一系列社会问题已经受到了国际社会的普遍关注。我国由于计划生育政策的实施,人口出生率迅速下降,已经提前进入了低生育水平国家的行列。分析日本少子化的现状及成因,可以为我国少子化... 少子化是发达国家共有的社会现象,因少子化而引发的一系列社会问题已经受到了国际社会的普遍关注。我国由于计划生育政策的实施,人口出生率迅速下降,已经提前进入了低生育水平国家的行列。分析日本少子化的现状及成因,可以为我国少子化问题的研究提供必要的参考和借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 少子化 总和生育率 生育水平 婚育观
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《马贩子的女儿》赏析
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作者 连博甘 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》 2010年第2期106-107,共2页
《马贩子的女儿》是劳伦斯的一部有着明显写实框架和坚实生活内容的小说。作者用寥寥数笔道出了一家三兄弟和一个妹妹在马贩子父亲死后家道中衰,树倒猢狲散之前各自的心态,勾勒出了三个兄弟冷漠丑陋的小市民嘴脸,以及对那个孤立无援的... 《马贩子的女儿》是劳伦斯的一部有着明显写实框架和坚实生活内容的小说。作者用寥寥数笔道出了一家三兄弟和一个妹妹在马贩子父亲死后家道中衰,树倒猢狲散之前各自的心态,勾勒出了三个兄弟冷漠丑陋的小市民嘴脸,以及对那个孤立无援的小妹妹的同情。该小说取胜的主要原因是他在叙事中使用了两个重要的原型:北欧神话之命运三女神;《圣经》故事中夏娃的诞生与堕落。 展开更多
关键词 劳伦斯 马贩子的女儿 命运三女神 夏娃的诞生与堕落
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