Analysis of Citizen Participation in Urban Planning of Comala,Colima,Mexico-A Secondary Publication

The objective of this study was to determine the degree of citizen participation in urban planning processes in the municipality of Comala,Colima,Mexico to have a broader vision of the citizens and the environment in which they live.An instrument was designed specifically to perform this study and the instrument was validated by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha.The results showed that citizens were highly involved in issues concerning their urban environment,and the main problems of the public spaces were also identified.

An Empirical Study on Hainan Citizens'Participation in Urban Community Governance under the Background of Free Trade Port Construction

Hainan is in the period of high-speed development and transformation of government management.To build a free trade port with Chinese characteristics requires a modern social governance system that confirms to the trend of the times,and community governance is important part of whole social governance system.Citizens'cooperative participation in grass-roots community governance has the functions of creating a good living environment,reducing social conflicts,improving residents'sense of well-being and attracting all kinds of talents.Based on the perspective of multi cooperative social governance,this paper empirically investigates the current situation of Hainan urban resident's participation in community governance,explores the reasons for the lack of citizen participation in community governance,and puts forward suggestions for improving citizen participation in community governance.

Social Networks and Citizen Participation in the Collaborative Community Policing ——A Case Study of S Community in Beijing

It is of great significance to enhance collaborative community policing for crime prevention and better community-police relationships. Understanding the relational structure of collaborative community policing is necessary to pinpoint the pattern of interactions among key actors involved in community policing and improve the effectiveness of network governance. Based on 234 surveys of citizens of S Community in Beijing from April 2017 to May 2017, this paper empirically examines the characteristics of formal network and informal network of citizen participation in the collaborative community policing. Beijing is widely known for its active involvement of neighborhood volunteers in different types of community policing. We focused on four different types of interpersonal work relationships in this study： workflow, problem solving, mentoring and friendship, among resident committees, neighborhood administrative offices, media, police station, business security personnel, neighborhood volunteers, and security activists. The nature of relationships between individuals in networks can be treated as from instrumental ties to expressive ties. Expressive ties cover relationships that involve the exchange of friendship, trust, and socio-emotional support. We extended this intra-organizational insight into a community policing inter-organizational context. The collaborative network showed the trend of the distributed network. The clustering analysis showed that in the workflow network, we should make thll use of the close interaction between the citizens and activists in the community. Meanwhile, in the problem-solving network, mentoring network and friendship network, interactions between citizens and neighborhood committee are weak.

Computer support system for residential environment evaluation for citizen participation

Though the method of citizen participation in urban planning is quite well established, for a specific segment of residential environment, however, existing participation system has not coped adequately with the issue. The specific residential environment has detailed aspects that need positive and high level involvement of the citizens in participating in all stages and every field of the plan. One of the best and systematic methods to obtain a more involved citizen is through a citizen workshop. To get a more “educated” citizen who participates in the workshop, a special session to inform the citizen on what was previously gathered through a survey was revealed to be prerequisite before the workshop. The computer support system is one of the best tools for this purpose. This paper describes the development of the computer support system for residential environment evaluation system, which is an essential tool to give more information to the citizens before their participation in public workshop. The significant contribution of this paper is the educational system framework involved in the workshop on the public participation system through computer support, especially for residential environment. The framework, development and application of the computer support system are described. The application of a workshop on the computer support system was commented on as very valuable and helpful by the audience as it resulted in greater benefit to have wider range of participation, and deeper level of citizen understanding.

Logic of Citizen Participation in Sustainable Development

Sustainable development,a concept which has been built with the sustainability of economic progression as a main thrust,has been a widely preferred model to traditional developmental models.However,the real meaning of what sustainable development is and should include has been an object of debate.On the one hand,differing from traditional economic developmental models,economic progress does not necessitate the practice of ‘sustainable development'.On the other hand,current levels of science and technology are still unable to solve several problems that arise with economic development.Sustainable development has transferred the responsibility of environmental destruction to that of developing countries.Lastly,instead of utilizing the best technology and leadership into formulating excellent environmental-protection policies,it is more important to create widespread awareness to the public on the need to protect the environment and thereby engage their participation in decision-making to actually realize what is truly ‘sustainable development'.

The Analysis of Volunteer Service in Increasing Citizen Participation

Many scholars have gradually realized that volunteer service can not only manifest the social value,but also become an effective way to enlarge citizen participation.Mainly from the aspects of the rationality of the increasing of citizen participation in volunteer service,this paper analyses the significance of volunteer service in the modernization transformation of China and puts forward some suggestions for the development of China' s volunteer service in the future.

Participation and Communication in the Time of Social Media:A Chimera or an Opportunity

Communication and participation immediately present themselves as a combination capable of developing mutual symbiosis and reinforcement.However,it would be superficial to deduce that the ease of communicating through social media has solved the problem of participation.Instead,it is necessary to start from the awareness of the problems of this binomial in order to attempt to follow virtuous paths and avoid blind alleys.The paper presents the research/action carried out in several civic participation experiences,both real and virtual,promoted by NGOs and the local public administrations of several Italian cities(Verona,Messina,Bolzano,and Rome).The results highlight the opportunities and problems of participation through social media.Specifically,those opportunities are:(1)the possibility of involving a larger number of people who could not participate without social media;(2)the sharing not only of the results of the participation but also the processes behind the participation allows for an active protagonism of the people;and(3)the care of the real and virtual places of participation facilitates the active involvement of people.On the other hand,the problems are:(1)the lack of awareness of online media space generates a redundancy in communication;(2)the difficulty of emerging in the online public media space causes disaffection and disinterest;and(3)the scarce capability to be producers of online media content generates a fake participation.

How Do People Understand Urban Air Pollution? Exploring Citizens’ Perception on Air Quality, Its Causes and Impacts in Colombian Cities

Similarly to other Latin American countries, urban air quality is a major concern in Colombia. The purpose of the present study was to explore citizens’ perception on local air pollution, its causes and impacts. A questionnaire was individually applied to a sample of 994 participants. Relationships between demographic features and the perception on air quality were analyzed using a logistic regression, its odds ratio (OR), and a Chi-square test. Eighty percent of the respondents perceive their local air quality as either bad or fair, 65% recognize particulate matter as the main local air pollutant, and 90% recognize negative impacts on people’s health as the main consequence of air pollution. In contrast to other studies where age and economic status are variables highly related with public perception on the level of atmospheric pollution, in this study only the size of the cities has a statistically significant relationship with the perception on local air quality regarding the level of pollution(OR ≥ 1, confidence intervals > 1 and p-values < 0.05). While area sources such as mining and infrastructure construction are identified as the main sources of pollutant emissions in small towns (less than 50,000 inhabitants), in big cities, road traffic is identified as the main source contributor to atmospheric pollution. Opposite to data from official reports, and regardless of the size of the city, households are perceived as the place with greatest contribution to personal air pollution exposure. Results show that citizens are aware of the state of air quality and its health impact is a major concern. Such findings suggest people’s opinions can be used as provisional indicators in cities without data, as well as to monitor the results of local air quality management. As a complementary process, or at the same level of importance given to technical-based policy, citizen participation can contribute to a collective construction of urban air pollution control strategies.

Experiments with a University e-Participation Platform

Currently, the ICT put at our disposal is increasingly more powerful tools that can help increase citizen participation, transparency, and legitimacy in decision-making. We understand that these participation tools can break down into a set of tasks. In this dissertation, we review some of these tasks and how we can integrate them into a series of processes in public higher education institutions. By establishing the tasks, we can set up an online architecture for electronic participation and support for decision-making within the university community. One of the consolidated database architectures we have used for this study is MyUniversity-URJC. This proposal is achievable by utilizing the Universities’ technological infrastructure and, mainly, the digital culture of its users.

论涉罪企业合规的刑行衔接

涉罪企业合规刑事司法与行政执法的有效衔接,是企业合规预防违法犯罪功能得以完整实现的必然要求。企业合规刑行衔接关涉刑事合规整改监督评估衔接、合规不起诉后的接续监管衔接以及其他相关企业合规建设衔接三个方面。为保障刑事合规企业合规预防功能、激励功能的充分实现,检察机关需要与行政机关加强理念沟通、操作配合,优化刑行衔接机制,推动涉罪企业及关联企业、行业企业的合规建设。

能源法的法权构造及其体系展开

能源法的核心范畴界定较为模糊,亟待澄清。基于能源权利与能源权力的交互性、能源公益与能源私益的均衡性、能源监管与能源市场的协调性等需求考量,法权可作为能源法的核心范畴。能源法法权结构可从本体论、运行论和价值论三个层面予以构造,形成体系化安排。本体论上,应以公民能源权利与国家能源权力的交互为基础,强调公民能源权作为法权结构的逻辑起点、以落脚为能源普遍服务的能源权力作为法权结构的基本保障;运行论上,应以能源合同作为法权结构运行的具体承载;价值论上,应以能源正义作为法权结构价值的最终目的。由此,可仰仗能源法的法权结构构筑能源法学体系。

社会资本、社会公平感对农民政治参与的影响——基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)的实证研究

基于CGSS2017调查数据,构建了中介效应检验模型,对社会资本、社会公平感与农民政治参与之间的作用逻辑和因果关系进行了实证分析。结果表明,社会资本、社会公平感对农民政治参与有显著的正向影响;作用机制检验表明,社会公平感在社会信任对农民政治参与的影响中发挥完全中介作用,在社会网络对农民政治参与的影响中发挥部分中介作用。鉴于此,提出了利用乡村特有的地缘化社会关系结构和现代化通信渠道加强社会资本的培养和积累;从规范政治参与制度出发,保障参与者的合法权利,厘清委托—代理人之间的关系,增强农村居民的社会公平感,以提升农民的政治参与度等策略。

城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿和能力研究——以西安城市居民为例

依据2022年针对西安城市居民的相关调查,采用相关分析和回归分析探讨城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿与能力的影响因素,将参与认知作为其中的中介变量,并从中探求加强城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿和能力的路径。结果表明:内部因素和外部因素对城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿与能力同样具有影响;参与认知在内外部因素影响公民参与意愿与能力的路径中起到部分中介作用。

共建共治共享视域下不同智能程度聊天机器人的效果评估

党的二十大报告强调要建设人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体。新一代人工智能迅猛发展使得社会治理智能化受到高度关注。通过智能技术赋能,提升政府公共服务、社会治理的数字化智能化水平的重要场景之一是采用智能聊天机器人为公众拓展参与途径、助力社会治理共同体提供可能。基于此,本文从相关理论基础和实践应用出发,明确智能技术应用所体现出的智能性的内涵,通过调查实验法设计被试间实验,从实证角度出发分析智能性对于公众在线参与的影响,对实践应用场景中如何实施智能技术提供对策建议。

公众科学在天文学领域的历史、应用现状与未来

公众科学在天文学领域拥有深厚的历史底蕴和广泛的群众基础,它为天文学应对新时代的挑战提供了强有力的解决工具,对天文学的发展具有重要意义。本文旨在通过系统综述公众科学在天文学领域的历史演进、应用现状以及挑战与趋势,为公众科学在天文学领域的发展提供有价值的参考,促进天文公众科学的多元化与公众参与度的提升。本文首先通过文献研究梳理了公众科学在天文学领域的历史演进过程。其次,运用统计方法,分析了公众科学在天文学领域的应用现状,包括发展趋势、地区分布、研究主题以及项目模式等。再次,综合公众科学应用现状和文献研究,分析和总结了公众科学面临的挑战与未来趋势,提出了应从政策层面推动公众科学发展,并借助国际合作和开放科学浪潮,进一步发挥公众科学对科学发展与创新的促进作用。

女性的社会公平感影响她们的公共参与吗——基于中国社会状况综合调查(CSS2021)的实证研究

从社会公平的视角研究女性的公共参与。基于“中国社会状况综合调查(CSS2021)”的数据,运用负二项回归模型分析社会公平感对女性公共参与的影响。研究发现,整体上我国女性的公共参与程度较低,社会公平感处于中等水平。社会公平感对女性公共参与存在显著正向影响,控制人口特征变量的影响和作稳健性检验后,结论依然成立,即女性的社会公平感越高,其公共参与度越高。另外,政治面貌、教育程度等人口特征因素对女性公共参与也有显著影响,中共党员相较于非党员有更高的公共参与度,教育程度高则公共参与度也高。社会工作力量在营造社会公平的氛围上有独特优势,将助力于女性的公共参与。

公民逝世后器官捐献激励政策的伦理研究

近年来,随着公民逝世后器官捐献与移植事业的快速发展,国家及地方相继出台了激励政策。为保障公民逝世后器官捐献者及其家属的合法权益,本文从伦理学视角对公民逝世后器官捐献激励政策现状进行梳理与分析,结合公正、尊重自主、不伤害、有利原则,梳理我国当前在实践公民逝世后器官捐献激励政策中存在的问题,如精神激励缺乏延续性心理干预、人道救助在实践中被曲解及间接经济激励对个人捐献自主性的影响等,并从政府、社会和个人三个层面提出相关对策与建议,以期为完善我国公民逝世后器官捐献激励政策提供参考,促进我国器官捐献事业的发展。

基于公众科学的城市绿地生物多样性研究进展

城市绿地的生物多样性对城市生态环境具有重要价值,利用公众科学进行相关研究具有独特优势,但基于公众科学的城市绿地生物多样性研究尚未得到系统性回顾。文章通过CiteSpace软件对中国知网和Web of Science数据库中2004—2023年的文献进行系统性筛选和分析,结果发现:近20年来公众科学在城市绿地生物多样性研究中呈增长趋势,尤其在近5年关注度急剧上升;现有的公众科学项目以美国居多,如iNaturalist和ebird;论文发表数量在美国、英国、澳大利亚等国家较为集中,而亚洲和非洲地区的国家在发表频次上与欧美国家存在一定差距;研究内容聚焦于物种监测、生境改造、生态教育等;公众科学与技术手段如大数据和人工智能的结合提高了数据分析的科学性、准确性。未来研究应着力提高公众科学素养,深化大数据应用,并强调跨学科合作,推动生物多样性保护和研究的持续发展。

无障碍视角下残障人体育参与权保护研究——以空间正义理论为基础

残障人体育参与权的充分实现,关键在于确保体育空间的无障碍化。在无障碍视角下,以整体主义的系统性制度观塑造多维的空间正义,是健全残障人体育参与权保护体系的重要路径。具体而言,纠正体育空间障碍造成的不正义现象,需要深化检察公益诉讼工作,并适时为社会组织参与公益诉讼创造制度条件;在信息无障碍方面,需要明确科技企业在道德、法律和合约方面的主体责任,推动体育信息服务和数字体育资源的公平分配;在无障碍社会服务方面,通过无障碍法律规范和体育赛事规则、技术标准和行业服务指南等社会规范的协同,有机整合不同的制度资源促进体育空间无障碍社会服务体系的良性发展。

美国“Citizen Archivist”项目研究:驱动因素、业务内容、启示借鉴

通过对美国"CitizenArchivist"项目进行研究,为我国档案事业发展提供借鉴与参考视角。概述了美国"Citizen Archivist"项目开展情况,认为传统支撑、政策鼓励、技术驱动、思维拓展是项目开展的主要驱动因素,以信息链视角分析了项目"公民档案保管员"的主要工作内容,认为工作内容实现了信息形态从低级到高级的演变。对我国档案事业发展有4个方面启示:推动档案意识的再启蒙与觉醒,推进档案整理与利用社会化,激发个体档案记录行为,利用公益化机构推动档案整理模式革新。