THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF FLOW CYTOMETRIC DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID MEASUREMENT OF DEPARA-FFINIZED SPECIMEN IN BLADDER TUMOR

A retrospective study of flow cytometric measurements on paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 188 patients with bladder tumor was conducted. The results were analyzed in combination with the morphological variation of bladder tumors. It was found that the DNA ploid pottern, degree of infiltration and the multiplicity of bladder tumor were closely related with tumor recurrence, among which the DNA ploid pattern was most significant. In aneuploid bladder tumors the recurrent rate and mean annual recurrence frequency were 76.7% and 1.46, and those in the diploid bladder tumors were 18.7% and 0.33 respectively. Aneuploid was the most indicative parameter of the recurrence in bladder tumors. In addition, according to the DNA ploid pattern and DNA index (DI), the aneuploid tumors in our group were divided into 4 types, namely, tetraploid tumors, npn-euploid with DI(?)1.5, non-euploid tumors with DI>1.5 and two-aneuploid tumors. The results showed that the recurrent rate of tetraploid tumors was relatively lower and it became higher and higher in the following order: non-euploid tumors with DI(?)1.5, non-euploid tumors with DI>1.5, and two-aneuploid tumors. This indicates that there are different biological behaviors in tumors with different ploid pattern. Finally, the correlation between DNA ploid pattern and tumor metastasis was also discussed.

The clinical significance of detection of specific CK-20 mRNA in peripheral venous blood from patients with bladder carcinoma

Objective To determine the diagnostic significance of detecting the specific epithelial keratin CK-20 mRNA in peripheral venous blood from patients with bladder carcinomas. Methods Reverse transcription coupled with two-step polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) was used to detect CK-20 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood from patients with blodder carcinomas. Results Detection of CK-20 mRNA expression was positive in 37 of 91 patients with bladder carcinoma (41 % ). Among 20 patients with distant metastasis, 17 were positive (85 % ). CK-20 mRNA was not detectable in the blood samples from 25 normal individuals. The frequency of positive CK-20 mRNA expression was signficantly higher in those with distant metastasis. Conclusion The presence of CK-20 mRNA expression in peripheral blood may be used as an early indicator of hematogenous metastasis of bladder carcinoma cells. 6 refs,1 tab.

AN INVESTIGATION OF PEDIGREES OF 110 PATIENTS WITH GRAVES' DISEASE AND THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DETERMINATIONS OF ANTITHYROID ANTIBODIES OF THEIR FIRST-DEGREE RELATIVES

Eight hundred and ten pedigree members of 110 patients with Graves' disease were studied. In 700 first-egree relatives, inquiry of medical history, physical examination (including eyes, thyroid, heart rate, etc), thyroid function tests (serum T3, T4 and TSH levels), determinations of thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (TmAb) were performed. For male (female) probands, the incidence of Graves' disease in male (female) first-degree relatives were investigated and their serum TgAb and TmAb were analysed. The incidence of these two kinds of autoantibodies in the male (female) first-egree relatives of familial and nonfamilial Graves' disease were analysed. Eighteen persons with positive TgAb and TmAb from 5 pedigrees had been followed up one year after initial determinations. Our results suggest that the positive rates of TgAb and TmAb in the first-egree relatives of Graves' disease were coincident with the incidence of Graves' disease, and the positive results of TgAb and TmAb in the first-egree relatives of Graves' disease may be an indicator of pre-raves' disease or pre-utoimmune thyroid diseases.

The clinical significance of increased neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in sarcoidosis

Objective To investigate the clinical implications of increased neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)in sarcoidosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 72 cases of histologically diagnosed,treatment-nive sarcoidosis admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from January 2000 to October2014.The patients included 18 men and 54 women。