Relationship between diversity of forest plant and community dynamics in eastern mountain area of Heilongjiang Province, China

The biodiversity was studied in 26 communities with different structures in Maoershan National Park and Liangshui Natural Reserve of Northeast Forestry University in Heilongjiang Province, China. Composition index （CI） was taken as a parameter to quantify the community dynamics, which can nicely describe forest community dynamics, meanwhile, the relationship between diversity and community dynamics were also investigated and analyzed. Results showed that the total number species of community, richness, evenness, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were obviously different in every community. The richness decreased with the increasing CI of every community, which means richness was in inverse proportion to community dynamics. The Shannon-Wiener index of every community increased from the initial stage to the middle stage of succession, and then decreased in the climax stage. The coverage weighted foliage-height diversity index increased along with the increase of CI, which was similar as the oattem diversity.

Countermeasures and Investigation of Land Circulation in Less Developed Agricultural Area of Henan Province,China

Some places in Henan Province are investigated by using sample surveys and interviews. Result shows that land circulation in less developed agricultural area of Henan Province has the characteristics of small scale,single form,short period,and circulation land in economic core region. Problems in land circulation are as follows:slow transfer of rural surplus labor force,hard implementation of fundamental land circulation,complicated mentality towards rural land circulation,many misgivings about land circulation,the unformed social service system of land circulation,and imperfect agricultural risk prevention mechanism for circulated land use. Based on the characteristics of land circulation,suggestions for promoting the land circulation of less developed agricultural areas are put forward in order to solve the problems in land circulation and to lay the foundation for effective implementation of land circulation,such as speeding up the development of urbanization,developing the circulation of collective land,effectively implementing the laws and regulations of rural collective land circulation,transferring land according to law,establishing market mechanism of agricultural land circulation,promoting the agricultural industrialization,establishing market mechanism of agricultural land circulation,promoting the agricultural industrialization,energetically readjusting rural industrial structure,and developing economy with local characteristics.

RURAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA'S LESS DEVELOPED AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF HENAN PROVINCE

Since the early 1980s, China's rural industry has gained rapid growth. However. the development of China's rural industry, like the development of the national economy as a whole, is characterized by great regional imbalance. From the economically developed coastal areas to. The hinterland and western frontier areas, the level of rural industrialization ebbs progressively. How to narrow down this imbalance and to speed up the development of rural industry in the less developed areas is one of the most important tasks in China's economic reform and development. The paper adopts an approach of combining statistical data analysis with typical case study to this research with special reference to Henan Province.

Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Urban-rural Construction Land in Rural Industrialized Areas in China:Case Studies in Changyuan City and Xinxiang County of Henan Province

Since China’s reform and opening up in 1978,the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China had led to dramatic changes in the pattern of urban-rural land use.In this paper,we focused on the rural industrialized areas in central China(Xinxiang County and Changyuan City of Henan Province).We used the average nearest neighbor index,spatial statistical analysis,and a structural equation model to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of urban-rural construction land based on multisource spatial data and survey data.The results showed that:1)from 1975 to 2019,the spatial distribution of urban-rural construction land in rural industrialized areas had evolved from homogeneous distribution to local agglomeration.In terms of comparative analysis of cases,the spatial distribution of urban-rural construction land in Changyuan City had shown a trend from diffusion to agglomeration,and Xinxiang County had overall shown a spatial change from homogenization to agglomeration and then to regional integration development.2)The hot spots with increased urban-rural construction land significantly expanded,and they had a high degree of spatial overlap with industrial development.Among them,Xinxiang County was concentrated in central and marginal areas,and Changyuan was mainly concentrated in central urban areas.3)From the evolution of spatial proximity of urban-rural construction land,rural industrialized areas generally decline,showing the characteristics of internal differentiation in the rate of change.4)Industrial development,social economy,the policy environment,and urban development played a positive role in promoting the expansion of urban-rural construction land in rural industrialized areas.To promote the optimal use of regional land and the integrated development of urban-rural areas,we should combine the advantages of regional endowment,formulate development strategies according to local conditions,and adjust the way that land is used in a timely manner.

Petrology and Geochronology of Monzonite Porphyry Intruding in Xiong'er Volcanic Rocks in Xiaoshan Area, Western Henan Province

Xiong’er volcanic rocks cover an area of more than6×104 km2 along the southern margin of North China Craton.The Xiong’er group has been divided,from bottom to top,into the Dagushi,Xushan,Jidanping and

Child Mortality Patterns in Rural Areas of Anhui and Henan Provinces in China, 1990

County-based IMR and U5MR in Anhui and Henan provinces in China were estimated and analyzed by using the 1990 Census Data. Census was conducted on July 1,1990, the number of deaths only occurred in the first half year of 1990 was collected. In order to obtain the total population and total number of deaths in the same year, the total number of deaths in each eqersex group for the whole 1990 was then estimated by taking the death number in the first half of 1990 as the base and multiplying a coefficient, which varied in different age-sex-region groups. Two major adjustments for some possible underreporting cases in female birth and infant death were made. If the sex ratio at age 0 in some counties was beyond 1. 2, then it was taken as 1. 15 for rural counties and 1.10 for urban cities, which were the estimates of sex ratios for the children at ape 5 in the national 1% Population Sampling Survey in 1995. The adjustment for IMR were made by comparing the segment of the county lift table from age 15 through 59 with that from the same age groups in the international and Chinese Model Life Tables. The IMR in the county life table would be substituted by the one in the closest Model Life Talbe, if it was less than in the latter.The findings of the analysis may be summarized as fol1ows: (i) Total county-based IMR and U5MR were 33. 4 Per 1000 and 41. 4 per 1000 respectively, with great variations between urban cities (25. 4 per 1000 for IMR and 31. 4 per 1 000 for U5MR) and rural counties (35. 1 Per 1000 for IMR and 43. 6 per 1000 for U5MR). There were also sighficant differences in child mortality between nationally identified Poor counties and other counties in rural areas. In the opr counties the total IMR was 40. 7 per 1 000 living births in average while in non-opr counties it was only 33. 2 per 1000 in average (P < 0.05). The U5MR in opr counties was 25 percent higher than in non-opr counties (51. 5 vs 40. 9 Per 1 000 living births).(ii) Statistically significant correlation between child mortality and socio-economic variables was revealed from the data set, among which gross social economic products per capita was found to have the strongest relationship with child mortality. The neqative correlation was found between child mortality and a set of socalled' rich' variables including the gross social products, gr-oss agricultural products, gna industrial products and the proportions of high-educated population at county level, whereas the poSitive correlation was found between child mortality and a set of'poor' variables, such as proportions Of residents with lower 1evel of education and illiteracy rate.(iii) thfferences in child mortality between these two provinces were found, which were identical to the trends of differences in socio-economic indicators between them.tower child mortality proved to be associated with better socio-economic conditions(higher per capita products, higher proPortions of residents with higher level of education, lower proportion of less educated people and illiteracy) in province Henan.

Metabasic Dyke Swarms in a High-Grade Metamorphic Terrane——A Case Study in the Taipingzhai-Jinchangyu Area,Eastern Hebei Province

Geological and petrological studies indicate that three phases of metabasic dykes are present in theTaipingzhai-Jinchangyu area within the high-grade metamorphic terrane of eastern Hebei. Garnet andhornblende in metabasic dykes of the second and third phases occur separately, forming two mineral aggregateareas gl+cpx+pl±hy and hb+cpx+pl-hy. P_(H_2O) in the rocks appears to be the main factor controlling theformation of the two aggregate areas. Both were formed simultaneously at the same metamorphic temperature. The second-phase basic dykes underwent metamorphism of pyroxene-granulite facies at a temperature ofsome 825C: later the dykes, together with the third-phase basic dykes experienced metamorphism ofamphibole-granulite facies at a temperature of about 750C under pressure of 0.9GPa.

Analysis of Outdoor Cultivation of Pepino(Solanum muricatum)in Qinghai Province

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of planting pepino(Solanum muricatum Ait.)in Qinghai Province,and to understand the cultivation quality and yield in various areas of Qinghai.[Methods]With small fruit type of pepino as the material,four areas in eastern Qinghai were selected to determine the agronomic traits,yield and quality indexes of pepino.[Results]Under the same cultivation conditions,there were some differences in the cultivation status of pepino,but overall,pepino fruit had higher quality.Various physiological indexes were correlated with quality and yield.[Conclusions]This study clarified the specific cultivation situation of pepino in Qinghai Province,and evaluated the quality and yield of pepino,providing strong data support for the promotion and planting of pepino in various regions in the future.

基于Theil指数的河南省旅游区入境旅游经济发展差异研究

以2011—2015年河南省入境旅游外汇收入作为衡量指标,采用标准差、变异系数和泰尔指数等方法探讨河南省五大旅游区之间入境旅游经济的区域差异性以及空间集聚.研究表明:河南省入境旅游虽获得了较快发展,但地市间的绝对差异和相对差异都呈持续增大的态势;五大旅游区在地带间差异和地带内差异上也呈现着各自不同的特征,区域差异明显;此外河南省入境旅游向热点旅游地集聚的态势较为显著,五大旅游区分离系数减小,核心城市旅游区聚集态势显著,空间集聚增强,而且洛阳市、郑州市、焦作市、开封市等地成为入境旅游经济的增长极.五大旅游区入境旅游经济的差异性主要与当地旅游资源、交通区位和旅游设施有密切的关系.

抗日战争时期豫北新乡地区教育述评

抗日战争前夕及初期,豫北新乡地区各县的教育已有一定程度的发展。鉴于社会经济及自然条件的差异,各县之间的教育发展水平差距较大,总体来讲,学校教育普遍优于社会教育。抗日战争全面爆发尤其是新乡地区沦陷之后,大部分县份的学校教育遭到了毁灭性打击,不少县份只得采取临时措施来救济流亡失学青年。为加强对当地人民的控制,日伪纷纷成立新民社会教育机构,将其作为进行奴化宣传的喉舌。这些机构进行有利于日伪的奴化教育,造成了极为恶劣的影响。对此,各县教育当局极少能够展开有力的反击,只能通过派员打入伪校、创办报刊、设立补习班以及民众夜校等手段,来启迪民智,对成人教育进行补救。在日伪奴化教育思想泛滥之时,新乡地区部分县份的教育当局以爱国主义为利器,通过印发宣传品、派遣忠诚师资控制伪校、成立宣传巡回队以及纠正奴化教材等手段,展开了防范日伪奴化教育的工作,并且取得了一定成效。

Delineation of Potential Mineral Resources RegionBased on Geo-anomaly Unit

The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.

河南省嵩县九仗沟-东湾金矿区深部地球物理特征与找矿预测

深部金属矿探测是目前资源勘查的重要课题和方向,地球物理方法探测深度大、分辨率高,是深部金属矿探测最有效的手段之一。河南省嵩县九仗沟—东湾矿区处于熊耳山—外方山矿集区内的蛮峪—店房金矿带之北段,目前九仗沟—东湾矿区已发现的金矿床主要为500 m以浅深度,深部(500~2000 m)找矿勘查工作基本为空白。为了查明九仗沟—东湾矿区深、边部成矿潜力,实现接替资源找矿突破,在九仗沟—东湾矿区主矿段南北两端延伸方向上,布设EH-4双源大地电磁测深和大功率激电测深剖面。以九仗沟—东湾金矿床为背景,在分析地质背景、岩石物理性质基础上,综合区域重磁资料、物探剖面反演结果,分析各物探方法异常特征,厘清了研究区内与金矿有关的F1构造破碎蚀变带深部空间分布特征等信息,揭示了研究区内深部F1构造带附近的中低电阻、高极化区为找矿有利部位,根据此特征在500~2000 m深度范围内确定了4个深部预测找矿靶区,为下一步找矿勘查提供了相关依据。研究方法和成果为区域上开展同类型金矿床的深部找矿工作提供了思路和方向,具有重要的指导和实践意义。

河南矿区高灰细泥煤泥水的絮凝沉降试验研究

目的随着采煤机械化程度的提高和重介质选煤工艺普及,入选浮煤泥中高灰细泥的含量逐渐增加。高灰细泥是影响煤泥水沉降效率的最直接因素,对煤泥水中的高灰细泥进行处理,直接关系着煤炭资源生产和水资源利用。针对河南矿区煤泥水具有高灰细泥的特性,方法通过设计正交试验测试不同种类的絮凝剂和搅拌速度对煤泥水的沉降率的影响及其之间的相互作用的效果,提高煤泥水沉降效率。结果结果表明:六偏磷酸钠与聚丙烯酰胺的分散性能及絮凝性能更优,搅拌速度、六偏磷酸钠用量、聚丙烯酰胺用量对高灰细泥煤泥水沉降率的影响程度依次减小,搅拌速度和聚丙烯酰胺用量之间的相互关系对沉降率影响最为显著;当六偏磷酸钠用量40.08 mg/L、聚丙烯酰胺用量5.75 mg/L、搅拌速度411.12 r/min,沉降率可达95.5%,沉降率提高的原因在于高灰细泥絮凝过程中絮团成球明显,絮凝剂的桥接作用可以使分散颗粒聚团并发展为球形,长条不规则颗粒明显减少,颗粒群粒形的改变有助于煤泥水的沉降,在一定搅拌速度下粒形保持较为规整,可增加沉降概率,使煤泥水得以有效沉降。结论通过改善煤泥水中颗粒的粒度粒形特性,可以有效提高河南矿区高灰细泥煤泥水的沉降效率。研究结果可为处理高灰细泥煤泥水提供理论支持和实践参考。

河南省引黄受水区水利高质量发展评价

为深入探讨河南省引黄受水区水利高质量发展的现状,构建了以水利高质量发展目标、途径、条件为子系统的评价指标体系,运用SMI-P法进行系统评价,并采用障碍度模型方法识别影响水利高质量发展的关键制约因素。结果表明:2011—2020年河南省引黄受水区的水利高质量发展水平整体呈现上升趋势,郑州、开封、洛阳、焦作、许昌、三门峡、周口、济源八市在2020年初步达到较高水平;从发展维度分析,目标、途径、条件3个子系统均呈现优化趋势,其中途径子系统的支撑作用尤为显著;河南省引黄受水区水利高质量发展的关键制约因素包括人均水资源量、水资源总量、人均GDP、万元GDP废水排放量、人均生活用水量、排水管道密度以及供水综合生产能力等,据此提出了改进建议。

河南省引黄受水区农业水资源安全综合评价

农业水资源安全对粮食安全、生态环境和农村经济发展意义重大。为推动区域农业水资源高效利用和可持续发展,综合考虑不确定性和复杂性因素的影响,采用序关系分析法、熵权法、TOPSIS法,选取水资源禀赋、生态环境和水资源利用3个子系统11个指标,构建评价指标体系,评估2022年河南省引黄受水区14个地级市的农业水资源安全状况。结果表明:14个地级市中除开封市为水资源“不安全”等级以及新乡市、鹤壁市、濮阳市为水资源“一般安全”等级外,其他10个地级市均为水资源“较安全”等级,距离“安全”等级还有一定距离。建议采取提升水质、增加可利用水资源量、调整作物种植结构、提高水资源利用效率、实施最严格水资源管理制度等措施,保障河南省引黄受水区农业水资源安全。

吉林延边东部四道沟钨矿床成矿流体性质、来源及矿床成因

【研究目的 】四道沟钨矿床位于延边东部Au–Cu–W矿集区,是具代表性的石英脉型白钨矿矿床。本文通过该矿床的成矿流体性质、来源及矿床成因研究,以提升东北地区石英脉型白钨矿矿床的成矿理论认识,并为该类型白钨矿进一步找矿提供理论支撑。【研究方法 】本文开展了主成矿阶段含白钨矿–石英脉流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温和激光拉曼光谱分析,并配合C–H–O同位素和白钨矿稀土元素分析。【研究结果 】流体包裹体岩相学及显微测温相关研究结果显示,主成矿阶段石英中同时分布有富气相、富液相、含石盐子矿物三相以及含CO_(2)三相等类型原生水溶液包裹体,这些不同类型流体包裹体的均一温度大体一致,应属于沸腾流体包裹体。富气端元流体包裹体的最低均一温度为283℃,基本代表了成矿温度。激光拉曼光谱分析结果显示,成矿流体中气相成分以H_(2)O和CO_(2)为主,还有少量N_(2)和CH_(4)。四道沟白钨矿呈现出“驼峰式”的稀土元素配分型式以及弱的负δEu异常。【结论 】四道沟钨矿床的成矿流体为氧化性的、高中温的NaCl–H_(2)O–CO_(2)±CH_(4)±N_(2)的流体。C–H–O同位素分析结果表明,成矿流体主要为岩浆水,还有少量大气降水的加入,而流体中的碳主要来源于五道沟群变质沉积岩系的有机物氧化作用。四道沟钨矿床为中温岩浆热液型钨矿床,流体沸腾作用是白钨矿大规模沉淀的主要机制。

河南省氮素农业面源污染风险评价与关键管控区识别

农业面源污染是我国水环境保护面临的重要问题,风险评价对于农业面源污染防治具有重要意义。本研究以河南省为研究区域,采用层次分析法的分级赋值方法,基于熵值法和专家打分确定各影响因子权重,构建河南省氮素农业面源污染风险多因子综合评价模型,计算河南省氮素农业面源污染风险指数并在流域尺度上进行验证,划分氮素农业面源污染的风险等级并识别关键管控区。结果表明:种植源、养殖源和生活源分别贡献河南省31.52%、38.47%和30.01%的氮素流失负荷,流失负荷呈现为西低,中、东部高的特点。河南省有39 429 km^(2)的区域存在中风险,约占河南省总面积的23.61%,有17 318 km^(2)的区域存在高风险,约占总面积的10.37%;划定距河流2 km以内的中、高风险区为一般管控区和重点管控区,面积分别为10 982 km^(2)和9 285 km^(2)。通过与同期水质自动监测数据进行相关分析,决定系数为0.82,表明模型模拟结果具有较高的精准度。综合结果表明,建立的多因子综合评价模型具有科学性和准确性,可用于氮素农业面源污染风险的识别。

陇东地区秋播小黑麦茬后复种青贮玉米品种的筛选

为筛选出适宜在陇东地区与秋播小黑麦复种的青贮玉米品种,本试验连续2年对12个青贮玉米品种的农艺性状、鲜草产量和干草产量进行研究,以筛选出最佳适宜于秋播小黑麦复种的青贮玉米品种,从而为该区推广秋播小黑麦茬后复种青贮玉米“一年两作”饲草高效生产技术提供理论依据。结果表明:秋播小黑麦茬后复种禾玉36和北农青贮208的鲜草产量分别为74.83、72.58 t/hm2,干草产量分别为24.59、22.85 t/hm2,而且2个年份均能够表现出高产、稳产的优势。因此,禾玉36和北农青贮208可作为陇东地区秋播小黑麦复种生产优质饲草的主推品种。

冀东迁安地区BIF型铁矿地质特征及成因探讨

冀东迁安地区是我国重要的BIF型铁矿集区之一。随着铁矿床开发利用程度的提高,浅部铁矿资源开发殆尽。近年来,多家地勘单位在迁安地区大中型铁矿床深部及外围进行找矿工作,在深部新发现了厚大矿体,取得了找矿突破。虽然勘查取得一定的成果,但相关的铁矿床分布规律及成矿模式未进行过系统的研究,对迁安地区成矿带缺少整体认识。本文系统分析了迁安地区沉积变质型铁矿的成矿地质条件,总结了赋矿地层特征。进行了迁安地区铁矿褶皱构造五级划分,确定三级倒转向斜构造为主要控矿构造。初步厘定了断裂构造为成矿期后的脆性断裂,多对矿体产生破坏和错断;明确了迁安地区铁矿分布在迁安隆起向南西突出的“C”字形边缘弧形褶皱带中,形态受倒转向斜控制。针对迁安部分矿区发现的第二层铁矿体,进行了深、浅部矿体地质特征对比分析,认为海底热液喷气活动具有周期性,原始沉积时形成了多层铁矿层,并经受成矿期后断裂构造改造,形成北高南低的阶梯状地堑赋矿模式。依据多年的勘探成果结合本次研究工作,建立了迁安地区成矿模式,为下一步找矿工作提供了理论支撑。

2013-2018年河南省农村地区育龄女性低体重、超重和肥胖流行趋势分析

目的:分析2013-2018年河南省农村地区育龄女性低体重、超重和肥胖的流行趋势。方法:研究对象为2013-2018年河南省农村地区参加国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目的3686404名育龄女性。根据BMI,计算低体重率、超重率和肥胖率,并以2020年全国人口年龄构成进行标化。采用Joinpoint回归分析标化体重率、超重率和肥胖率的年度变化百分比和年均变化百分比(AAPC)。结果:河南省农村地区育龄女性标化低体重率由2013年的6.36%下降至2018年的4.72%,AAPC(95%CI)为-6.14%(-6.20%~-6.09%);标化超重率由2013年的19.77%上升至2018年的23.78%,AAPC(95%CI)为4.19%(1.64%~6.80%);标化肥胖率由2013的4.88%上升至2018年的6.89%,AAPC(95%CI)为7.77%(4.68%~10.96%)。2013-2018年河南省山区和丘陵地区标化超重率和肥胖率年均增长速度均高于平原地区。结论:河南省农村地区育龄女性超重肥胖问题日益严峻,应结合各区域特点加强体重管理指导。