The influencing factors of urban land expansion in Changsha

This research systematically analyses land-use map of Changsha city in different periods of time. The spatial form and structural evolution was analysed by studying indices such as city land-use structure proportion, expansion intensity, economic flexibility, population flexibility, changing compactness index and so on. The dynamic mechanism of urban land expansion has been discussed by integrating the regional social economy development situation and many aspects such as the physiographical surrounding, population and economic development, traffic infrastructure, planning and regional development tactic and system innovation. The research indicates that the urban land expansion speed and intensity have steadily increased in Changsha from 1949 to 2004. The expansion form has been from a single external expansion to a combination form of external and internal expansion, from a circular or linear continuous form to a blocky or agglomeration shape. Overall, the urban land expansion of Changsha city is a phasic, diversified and complex process. And no matter what the stage is, it is an organic system containing multiple speed, pattern and shape, which are driven by multiple impetuses. The dominant feature at different stages was highlighted because of the balance and fluctuation between different forces, and the existing urban land border and shape have resulted from the joint efforts of these phasic forces.

DYNAMICS OF REGIONAL URBANIZATION IN FUJIAN COASTAL AREA

Since the economic reform in 1978, urban development in China has become much more rapid and the dynamic mechanisms of urbanization more diversified. The 'Bottom Up' strategy becomes as important as, or even more important than, the 'Top Down' strategy as the dynamic mechanisms of regional urbanization. On the basis of major theories of development economics and regional economics, this paper analyzes the major dynamic mechanisms of regional urbanization in coastal area of Fujian Province from 1978 to 1989, and describes quantitatively the territorial differentiation of regional urbanization process under two major dynamic mechanisms using principal componet analysis.

Study on Dynamic Mechanism of Urban Expansion: A Case Study of Shandong Province

This paper aims at studying the dynamic mechanism of urban expansion and its role. Based on the economic model of urban spatial structure and applying panel data in Shandong Province, the paper concludes. Economic growth and transition of economic structure have played the most powerful role in urban expansion. An increase in population helps the core to extend. Increasing agricultural productivity can provide a countervailing force. An increase in transportation costs will limit urban expan- sion. An increase in the marginal productivity of land in housing production will increase urban expansion. Fiscal and taxation policies also have encouraged the extensive shift of cultivated land into build-up area. This paper also suggests that if high rate increasing GDP is needed, the urban core will continue to expand. The government should take measures to improve the rapid growth of the city.

Dynamic transition mechanism analysis of the impact of energy development on urbanization in Central Asia

Energy development has a significant impact on urbanization. This study employs the entropy method to evaluate the level of urbanization in Central Asia and further analyzes the possible dynamic transition mechanisms of the impact of energy development (characterized by energy development scale, energy trade, energy consumption, and energy endowment) on urbanization using the Panel Smooth Transition Regression model (PSTR). The results demonstrate that energy development in this region is characterized by “three highs and one low”, namely, high production volume, high export volume, high endowment, and low self-consumption, and plays a crucial role in the progress of urbanization. A nonlinear relationship is found to exist between energy development and comprehensive urbanization in the transition economies of Central Asia. Generally speaking, as energy development continues to expand, its impact on urbanization in this region has shifted from constraint to promotion, with the latter gradually tending to flatten out. Energy development characterized by energy development scale, energy consumption, and energy trade can prove the point, whose threshold is 1.47 million tons oil equivalent (Mtoe), 0.29 tons oil equivalent (toe) per capita, and 20.95 Mtoe, respectively. However, not all energy development models exhibit this behavior. Energy development characterized by energy endowment is such a case where the positive effect of it on comprehensive urbanization will be restrained when it exceeds 3.18. These findings can aid decision makers in seeking a better energy development model to promote the sustainable development of urbanization in Central Asia, avoiding energy resources waste and disorderly development.

The Chinese Urban-rural Dual Economic Structure Model and Analysis

Based on the characteristics of urban-rural dual economic structure in China,we build a dynamic endogenous urban-rural dual economic model closely linked to China's reality,and carry out mathematical economics analysis of optimized conditions for urban and rural sectors. The main results show that:(i) The labor growth rate of urban-rural sectors must be greater than the time discount rate,or else there would be a vicious cycle of diminishing returns in the sectors;(ii) The accumulation rate of physical capital and human capital of urban-rural sectors,and the rate of technological progress,need to be greater than the corresponding depreciation rate plus the time discount rate,otherwise there would be a vicious cycle of diminishing returns in the sectors;(iii) The low accumulation rate in the rural sector,and the occurrence of labor outflow,human capital loss and lack of investment,will expand income gap between urban and rural areas,which is a reason for solidification of urban-rural dual economic structure.

TOPSIS-based Measurement and Analysis on Dynamics of Smart Lowcarbon Development for Major Chinese Cities

The smart low-carbon development of modern cities has become one of the academic hotspots.However,the dynamics is rarely involved.Therefore,TOPSIS method was used to take a quantitative study on the dynamics of smart low-carbon development for major Chinese cities.The results showed that:(1) 3 main dynamics of smart lowcarbon city development in China are institution and culture conditions,facility and function conditions and economy and industry conditions,but the overall utility is relatively low;(2) the level of dynamic operation mechanism of smart low-carbon development for major Chinese cities is distinct between regions,indicating a spatial law of diminishing from the east to the west and differing within regions;(3) the imbalance of comprehensive dynamic mechanism and operation state between major cities is prominent,showing an urban scale law of decreasing from big to small and differing within each scale and an administration hierarchy law of descending from high to low and differing within each class;(4) 7 basic development patterns can be obtained,and most of the cities take the external strong internal weak mode,which basically matches with its development realities.

城市存量土地更新的动力机制研究

随着城市化的加速发展,城市面临着空间资源有限、环境压力不断加大的问题。城市存量土地更新成为优化城市发展格局、提高资源利用效率的重要手段。论文阐述了城市存量土地的内涵,分析了城市存量土地类型与基本特征,构建了“权力—资本—民生”三大驱动力交互作用影响的更新动力分析框架,重点分析讨论了居住类存量土地的“政府+社会”协作更新机制、产业类存量土地的“政府+市场”协作更新机制、公共设施类存量土地的政府主导更新机制、公共空间类存量土地的政府主导更新机制以及历史文化类存量土地的多方协作更新机制等五种更新驱动作用机制,以期为城市存量土地更新制度设计与治理优化路径制定提供依据,更好地推动城市更新的协同、健康与可持续发展。

大城市工业用地布局演变中的城市问题研究——以西安市为例

改革开放以来在我国经济转型过程中大城市工业用地的规模和布局发生了巨大变化,并影响城市的空间形态。以西安市为例,基于多源数据,采用定量与定性相结合方法,研究发现1974—2019年西安市工业用地面积呈先持续增长后快速减少变化趋势,空间布局在园区化集聚的过程中具有显著的工业用地郊区化与城市中心用地去工业化特征,布局模式则经历了由改革开放初期“组团布局+扇形扩展”向增量规划时期“圈层扩展+跳跃扩张+轴向集聚”至存量规划时期“外围园区化集聚”转变。帮助企业纾困、城市增长、生活居住条件改善与土地经济价值是推动工业用地布局演变的主要驱动力。工业用地郊区化与城市中心去工业化加剧了职住分离、交通拥堵等城市问题,不利于城市健康可持续发展。

乡村振兴战略下城乡体育融合发展的动力机制与路径选择

运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,探析乡村振兴战略背景下城乡体育融合发展的动力机制与发展路径。研究认为,乡村振兴战略下城乡体育融合发展的动力因素包括国家战略驱动、共同富裕推动和数字技术拉动等外部动力,以及乡村、城市和“城—乡”互动等场域的内部动力。目前城乡体育融合发展过程中存在资源配置不合理,体育基础设施不健全;主体意识薄弱,乡村体育内生发展动力不足;管理机制不稳定,有效衔接机制不完善;供给错位乏力,结构功能与空间布局不合理等问题。提出优化城乡体育资源配置、激发城乡体育内生动力、强化城乡体育顶层设计和协调城乡体育建设布局的发展路径。

基于深度学习的城市配电网多级动态重构决策方法

多级动态重构技术相比于传统全局重构技术更适合用以改善大规模城市配电网的运行经济性,但是随之而来的重构级别识别又成了新问题。由此,该文依托现有的多级动态重构数学模型,提出一种基于深度学习算法的城市配电网多级动态重构决策方法,可跨过级别识别过程直接实现输入净负荷数据与最优重构决策方案之间的非线性映射。建立了将特征空间注意力机制、时间序列注意力机制、卷积神经网络与门控循环单元相结合的组合神经网络,针对城市配电网净负荷数据时空分布不均衡的特性,采用特征空间注意力机制与卷积神经网络对整个配电网的净负荷数据进行空间特征的学习以感知其高维特征空间的潜在联系。接着采用门控循环单元与时间序列注意力机制来充分挖掘净负荷数据在长时间尺度下的时序特征,提取其在时间分布上的不平衡特征,充分训练所提组合神经网络以拟合现有数学模型。最后,通过实际的145节点系统、IEEE 33节点系统、PG&E 69节点系统进行算例分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于1990—2020年综合土地利用动态变化的巩义市城市边缘区空间研究

以郑州市下辖且接壤的巩义市为研究对象,以1990年和2020年两期TM/OLI影像和统计年鉴数据为依据,使用1 km×1 km网格划分样区并提取各样区的综合土地利用动态度数值,借助数学模型分析确定城市边缘区范围,分析巩义市近30年来城市边缘区用地变化特征及扩展机制。结果表明,自然条件是用地扩张的基础因素,政策与经济是边缘区外扩的核心驱动力,交通对扩张具有指向性作用;边缘区内的土地变化主要表现为建设用地急剧增加、农业用地锐减,同时受距离和开发时序影响,用地类型交错复杂,破碎化特征明显。

乡村产业内生的社会基础与动力机制--基于陕西省F社区樱桃产业的调研

乡村产业振兴是巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、全面推进乡村振兴和农业农村现代化等战略的交汇点。发展乡村内生型产业,激活乡村产业发展的内生动力,是乡村产业振兴的关键点。梳理相关成果可知,乡村产业内生的社会基础有乡村社会关联和乡村共同体两种理解。侧重乡村社会关联理解的学者强调村庄社会结构和社会资本对村庄内生型产业的支撑作用,侧重乡村共同体理解的学者主要关注村庄共同体建构对产业发展的影响。将两者相结合,可以从动力学的角度对F社区樱桃产业内生的社会基础及影响因素进行系统分析,进而揭示乡村产业内生的动力机制。调研显示,乡村社会基础的影响因素包括社区记忆、经济社会分化、动员资源、政府注意力、党建引领五个方面,乡村内生型产业的动力机制可以从基层党建、社会合作、组织动员、能人吸纳和政府引导五点来理解,并认为地方政府应该从找准产业定位、强化基层党建、转变自身角色、夯实社会基础等方面来为乡村产业发展创造条件。

三大城市群经济增长空间关联网络分析

本文研究对象为长三角城市群、京津冀城市群和珠三角城市群,借助格兰杰因果检验及网络分析法,对比分析了2000—2020年三大城市群经济增长空间关联网络的关联关系和关联特征,并分析了各城市群内部的动力传导机制。主要结论有:(1)三大城市群内部各城市之间的经济增长空间关联程度都不高;(2)长三角城市群拥有最为完整的板块分布,珠三角城市群、京津冀城市群板块分布分别为双溢出双受益、三溢出一受益;(3)长三角城市群和京津冀城市群增长原动力为“资本溢出型”,而珠三角城市群的增长原动力为“劳动溢出型”。

基于列车自主运行的动态编组列车运行控制系统场景设计

在城市轨道交通网络化规模和客流日益增加的过程中,旅客出行客流分布规律呈现时空不均衡特性。针对既有传统固定编组列车运行组织方式难以适应的问题,文章提出了基于列车自主运行的动态编组列车运行控制系统动态编组通用场景设计方案,其在全自动运行系统(FAO)基础上,针对动态编组新增场景5个、修订场景18个。文章详细阐述了动态编组列车运行控制系统的虚拟联挂和物理联挂下三大通用运营场景(编队建立、编队运行、编队解编),得到系统功能需求,为后续的系统功能及架构设计奠定了基础。

特色产业引领县域城乡融合发展的动力机制研究——以长株潭都市圈为例

壮大特色产业是引领县域城乡融合发展的重要举措。本研究从发展特色产业对优化城乡要素合理配置、实现城乡基本公共服务普惠共享、促进城乡基础设施一体化、推动乡村经济多元化以及缩小城乡居民收入差距等多方面引领县域城乡融合发展的动力效应展开分析,并以长株潭都市圈为例,探讨了其以特色产业引领县域城乡融合发展的具体实现路径,同时,从强化特色产业的政策支撑、外部环境支撑、要素支撑和配套支撑等四个方面,提出了加快推动特色产业引领县域城乡融合发展的保障措施。

我国乡村内生发展研究进展与展望

通过对我国乡村内生发展研究的相关文献进行梳理,基于文献分析法和归纳法,对乡村内生发展研究的成果和不足进行分析。结果表明,乡村内生发展概念具有丰富的内涵和特征;主流观点认为农民是乡村内生发展的主体,需要对农民的主体性进行重塑;乡村内生发展能力是一个能力体系,乡村内生发展能力的提升具有多维度路径和多元性途径;乡村内生发展的动力包括内部动力和外部动力。对乡村内生发展研究进行展望,认为需要在以下方面加强研究:乡村内生发展的时空尺度、乡村内生发展过程中内部因素与外部因素的关系、村内生发展能力建设、乡村内生发展的边界问题、乡村内生发展的动力机制。

全球城市网络的模式演变和动力机制研究

本文在厘清“全球城市”与“世界城市”的联系与区别,分析全球城市网络的多学科理论渊源基础上,从网络关系演变、实体空间嵌套与动态轴线发展三个方面对全球城市网络的内涵进行全面梳理。结合国内外学者已有研究成果,对全球城市网络模式演变与动力机制进行阶段性分析,探索全球城市网络发展的内生机制与外生机制。进一步从全球、亚太地区、中国三个层面,探索近20年的全球城市网络演化,并对长三角、珠三角两个重点全球—城市区域对比,重点针对上海进行全球联结度分析。最后,本文指出在新全球网络竞合格局下,中国应全面应对新趋势和新挑战,发挥联系多元性与区域异质性。进一步,本文从系统、通道、组织三个方面为中国参与全球网络合作与竞争提出六条建设性方案。

城市治理转型背景下街校合作型社区微更新机制研究

文章基于对典型的街校合作型社区微更新项目的类型分析,依据高校在项目各阶段发挥的作用和参与情况,将街校合作型社区微更新归纳为高校设计型、参与型、引导型和推动型4种类型,并通过类型背后的动力机制分析,对街校合作模式进行系统梳理和发展规律总结。最后,对未来街校合作型社区微更新项目的优化提升及理论应用提出建议。

理论认知、实践困境与发展路径:农村互助养老研究综述

互助养老是解决我国农村养老难题的可行路径,在积极应对人口老龄化中发挥着重要作用。以“理论—实践—路径”为主线,梳理国内关于农村互助养老的研究成果,发现学界在农村互助养老的概念界定及属性定位方面还存在明显的分歧,但对农村互助养老的核心理念、重要参与主体、优势及积极作用基本达成了共识。在实践中,各地农村互助养老的运行模式、主体参与情况具有较大差异性,这一养老模式面临有效供给缺乏、内生动力不足、外部支持乏力、实践创新有限等发展困境,因而需要从提升服务效能、激活内生动力、促进相互协同及模式创新四个方面探索推动农村互助养老可持续发展的路径。未来应立足农村语境,加强农村互助养老的理论研究和比较研究,深入探析多元参与主体的行为逻辑与合作机制,着重探讨落后农村地区互助养老的发展模式及路径。

以人为核心的新型城镇化动力机制及其空间效应分析

文章理论分析与实证考察了以人为核心的新型城镇化动力机制及其空间效应,研究结果表明:新型城镇化的动力机制及其空间效应存在明显的区域分异,新型城镇化存在正向空间溢出效应,但只有东部地区表现得比较显著。传统动力中劳动、资本对城镇化质量具有促进作用,但能源消耗、土地投入不利于提高新型城镇化质量;新动力中技术进步、消费升级有利于提升新型城镇化质量,但金融支持和工业深化存在阻力效应。通过进一步效应分解,传统动力和新动力均存在直接效应和空间溢出效应,主要表现为传统动力对东部地区新型城镇化质量提升的促进作用不明显,增加土地投入对中部地区新型城镇化发展有利,西部地区仍需加速资本的形成;新动力中金融支持和工业深化对东部地区的新型城镇化质量具有明显促进作用,中部地区受益于技术进步和工业深化,西部地区则更需增强金融支持以加速资本积累。此研究为新时代城镇化路径重构与区域优势互补发展提供了理论参考和经验证据。