A study on the innovation of regional environmental management mechanism in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei area within the background of ecological civilization

Within the background of the need to promote the construction of ecological civilization and the current confl ict between the economic growth and the constraints of environment and resources, after a review of the theoretical study and practical exploration of ecological civilization, the article makes an analysis of the status quo of ecological civilization development in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei area, sums up the main problems there, and explores the development strategic framework to improve the regional ecological environment. It comes to the following conclusions: as the ecological and environmental problems in the BTH area are mainly the air pollution and so on, we should seek to build a mechanism of environmental management for sustainable development from the different aspects of industrial distribution, energy utilization, institution construction and market participation. We should capitalize on the chance to construct the ecological civilization, promote to change the regional economic growth pattern, improve the quality and effi ciency of development, and fi nally promote the synergetic development of ecological environment in the BTH area.

Dynamic Comparison and Trend analysis of Southeast Guizhou's Experimental Area of Eco-civilization Construction and the National Eco-efficiency

In order to better understand the development level of eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction,we conduct dynamic comparison research of its eco-efficiency and the national eco-efficiency,using single ratio method based on the ecological footprint model,to grasp the gap between its eco-efficiency and the national eco-efficiency,so that we can take appropriate countermeasures to improve eco-efficiency. The results show that in the period 1978-2010,the eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction was always lower than the national eco-efficiency; the long-time average annual value of its eco-efficiency was less than one half of that of the national eco-efficiency,with the absolute gap of 1 630. 095 yuan /hm 2 ,and the gap tended to widen year by year in the period 1978-2002 ( the gap increased from 276. 551 yuan /hm 2 in 1978 to peak of 3 227. 713 yuan /hm 2 in 2002,with an average annual increase of 118. 047 yuan /hm 2 ,and especially after 1992,the gap was particularly evident,with an average annual increase of 194.771 yuan/hm 2 ) ,but from 2003,the gap between the two tended to decrease. Based on the prediction results of grey system,in the period 2011-2025,the gap between the eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction and the national eco-efficiency will gradually narrow,and from 2019, the eco-efficiency in Southeast Guizhou's experimental area of eco-civilization construction will be higher than the national eco-efficiency.

Current Situation,Problems and Development Strategies of Marine Ecological Civilization Demonstration Areas in China

Based on analysis of current situation of national marine ecological civilization demonstration areas in China, problems were discussed from aspects of shoreline development, marine disaster waming, marine pollution, etc. Afterwards, some development strategies were proposed to provide references for construction of marine ecological civilization demonstration areas in China, thereby promoting overall construction of marine ecological civilization in China.

An Evaluation Study on Water Ecological Civilization Construction in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

By combining expert consultation and field investigation,an evaluation system,consisting of 29 indices in 5 aspects of water safety,water ecology,water management,water landscape and water culture,was established for water ecological civilization construction in coal mining subsidence areas.The weight of the indices was determined using improved group-decision fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematical method,and their score was determined according to their value before the pilot and the value at the end of the pilot.Combined with the weight,the actual score of the indices was obtained.Finally,a comprehensive index of water ecological civilization in coal mining subsidence areas was obtained.Through the weight and score of the indices,the construction status,existing problems and future tasks of coal mining subsidence areas were analyzed,in order to provide a reference for the region to further clarify the direction and key tasks of water ecological civilization construction.

Building an Ecological Civilization in China： Towards a Practice Based Learning Approach

The adoption by the 18th Congress of the Communist Party of China in November 2012 of a policy on ecological civilization is a landmark event for the nation and the world community. China＇s vision for building an ecological civilization is comprehensive, multi-sectoral and systemic and is intended to direct and balance progress among ecological, economic, social, cultural and political dimensions of change. Some on-going efforts and potential future activities that meet China＇s vision of an ecological civilization are described. Establishment of dedicated ecological civilization areas for experimenting with legal, regulatory and administrative incentives that would facilitate the march towards the ideal is encouraged. Chinese biosphere reserves which are designated with the explicit aim of building harmony between humans and nature would be suitable candidates for designing and developing such dedicated ecological civilization areas.

Applied research of landscape ecology in desertification monitoring and assessment

A preliminary research on landscape ecology in desertification monitoring and assessment was reported. Also, this paper laid stress on the study of landscape diversity, dominance, evenness and Markov Matrix model and their respective landscape ecological meanings in the desertification monitoring and assessment. Concurrently, it took Shazhuyu Experimental Area, Qinghai Province as a specific case study.

城市生态景观区的划定和管控方法——以广州为例

基于生态文明理念,从“守住底线、凸显特色”的原则出发,形成城市生态景观区的划定和管控方法,分析识别广州山边、水边、林边、田边、海边独特的自然禀赋,对生态景观区周边城市建设进行引导,并通过纳入国土空间总体规划和国土空间基础信息平台、出台系列标准导引等,提高管控的科学性和可实施性,以期为城市空间的形态控制提供参考。

生态文明建设对城市碳排放的影响--基于生态文明先行示范区的准自然实验

碳达峰、碳中和目标是当前我国生态文明建设的重要指引。基于2009—2019年我国213个城市的面板数据,采用双重差分模型实证检验了生态文明建设对城市碳排放的影响。研究发现,生态文明先行示范区建设显著降低了城市碳排放强度,且通过了一系列稳健性检验;机制分析揭示了生态文明先行示范区建设通过推进节能降耗、优化产业结构、促进绿色创新进而降低城市碳排放的作用机理;异质性分析表明生态文明先行示范区建设对资源型城市和中东部城市的碳减排效应更明显。据此提出了优化生态文明示范区政策、加强绿色创新推动产业和能源结构调整等促进生态文明的建议。

生态理念与创新能力驱动的生态环境观测实验教学探索

创新人才培养是时代赋予高校的重要使命,而推进生态文明建设是时代赋予环境专业的神圣使命。该研究提出以实际环境问题为导向、学生兴趣为依托、自主研究为方法及创新能力培养和生态理念构建为目的的野外实验课程建设探索。将习近平生态文明思想等思政元素融入实验教学,通过自主研究的方式,由学生根据指定研究对象自主选题、自主设计,针对校内外实际水、气、声等环境问题开展自主研究和分组汇报,任课老师点评指导;通过自主研究显著提升学生的兴趣,提高学生科研素质、创新能力、实践技能,同时培养学生的生态文明理念,得到学生良好的反馈。

民族地区旅游产业与生态文明建设耦合协调度的时空演变及其影响因素

新时代背景下生态文明建设向纵深推进,其与旅游产业存在天然耦合,因此厘清二者间的协调发展态势与时空演变规律对引导各方面集中精力推进改革创新、推动高质量发展具有重要现实意义。利用耦合协调度模型,测算2008—2019年民族地区旅游产业与生态文明建设的耦合度和协调度,探寻两系统耦合协调度的时空演变规律,并利用地理探测器剖释其耦合协调度演变的影响因素。结果表明:(1)研究期间民族地区各省(区)耦合度均高于0.8,处于高度耦合阶段,旅游产业与生态文明建设趋于良性共振耦合;(2)民族地区各省(区)协调度均值在0.527~0.703,各省(区)协调度在勉强协调、初级协调和中级协调3种类型之间波动变化;协调度高值主要集中在南部和北部,呈现出南北略高、中部平平的格局;(3)地区对外开放程度、科技创新、经济发展水平等因素对旅游产业与生态文明建设协调度变化具有重要影响。

守护绿水青山:生态文明建设示范区减少污染企业进入了吗?

从理论构建到实践探索,新时代生态文明建设发生了历史性、转折性、全局性变化。目前,我国经济社会发展已进入加快绿色化、低碳化的高质量发展阶段,生态文明建设处于压力叠加、负重前行的关键期。文章基于2009—2020年中国1640个县级行政区面板数据,将生态文明建设示范区获批作为准自然实验,在分析政策背景及其影响污染企业进入的理论机制基础上,采用多时点DID模型实证检验了成立生态文明建设示范区对污染企业进入的影响。结果表明:生态文明建设示范区的成立显著抑制了当地污染企业的进入,且结论在经过一系列稳健性检验后依旧显著。同时,环境规制和财政支出结构会强化生态文明建设示范区的成立对污染企业进入的抑制作用;政策效果存在地区异质性,其在经济发展水平较高、数字乡村指数较高、市场化水平较高的区域作用效果更显著。此外,政策的实施带来了PM2.5及碳排放的减少,基础设施建设投入和专业技术服务业企业进入的增加,同时也对部分生产性服务业企业进入产生了冲击。因此,为进一步推动中国生态文明建设,应科学有序扩大生态文明建设示范区试点政策实行范围,并充分考虑不同地区的发展禀赋,深入打好污染防治攻坚战,推动经济高质量发展。

基于自然保护地的自然教育创新路径探析

随着我国自然教育的快速发展,自然保护地依托自然生态系统、自然遗迹和自然景观等自然资源及其独特的人文资源,已经成为自然教育的重要场所。为保障自然保护地自然教育工作的科学有序开展,梳理当前我国自然保护地开展自然教育的现状,分析自然保护地开展自然教育的具体实践和存在的主要问题。针对顶层设计不完善、教育资源挖掘不够、配套设施短缺、专业人才匮乏、社会参与机制尚未形成等突出问题,提出自然保护地开展自然教育的具体路径。一是自然保护地行政管理部门做好顶层设计,疏通多元参与渠道,为自然保护地开展自然教育构建完善制度体系。二是自然保护地主动接受行政管理部门的指导,探索构建与自然保护地自然和人文资源紧密结合的自然教育实践模式。三是自然保护地要大力加强自然教育设施建设,结合人工智能等高新技术,打造智能自然教育一体化平台;结合独特的自然和人文资源,开发精品课程、编写特色教材;利用新媒体技术做好宣传引导;严格管理程序,不断强化安全管理;注重存量人才培养,积极拓宽引才渠道等。

贵州省生态文明建设发展水平研究

在国家生态文明建设持续推进的背景下,贵州省作为我国喀斯特分布最为集中和典型的区域,一直是社会各界关注的重点和难点,研究其生态文明建设的发展状况具有重大的理论意义和实践价值。文章从生态空间、生态经济、生态环境、生态治理和生态制度五个维度入手,采用熵权TOPSIS法对贵州省2006—2022年的生态文明建设进行实证分析,并进一步通过格兰杰因果法分析各个维度之间的因果关系。结果显示:(1)贵州省生态文明建设发展水平综合评分从2006年的0.31上升到2022年的0.61,年均增长率为4.32%,整体呈上升趋势。同时,生态空间、生态环境、生态治理和生态制度的评分也呈现快速增长的趋势,年均增长率分别为3.56%、5.24%、8.03%和5.91%。(2)通过应用格兰杰因果检验,证实生态治理、生态制度以及生态空间对生态经济具有促进作用;生态经济和生态治理对生态环境也产生了促进作用。文章利用时间序列动态分析,填补了贵州省生态问题在生态文明建设研究领域的空白,首次将因果分析方法引入生态文明建设影响维度的分析中,不仅为后续研究提供了有益参考,也为政策制定提供了依据。基于研究结论,提出政策启示:(1)生态经济方面,发展绿色经济,实现发展和生态的协调统一。(2)生态保障方面,建立补偿与激励、约束与惩罚机制。(3)生态治理方面,建立以政府为主导、市场与社会参与的多元协调机制。

乡村振兴战略下农村生态文明建设路径探析

乡村振兴战略背景下,农村生态文明建设出现许多新矛盾和新情况,面临着许多亟待解决的问题。该文以乡村振兴战略为背景,研究生态文明建设过程中存在的问题,尝试分析当前农村生态环保面临的困境及其原因,从而提出如何更好地优化乡村振兴战略下农村生态文明建设的路径,为农村经济绿色发展和农村生态文明建设提供参考。

生态文明视野下鄱阳湖区水文化建设的路径

鄱阳湖区水文化是湖区生态文明的重要组成部分,主要包括渔文化、水利文化和水神信仰等,这一文化在历史上对湖区生态保护起到了积极作用。随着生产方式改变、科技发展以及教育普及,鄱阳湖区水文化发生了重大变化,与其他地区相比,鄱阳湖区水文化建设存在较大不足。应尝试进一步加大水文化遗产保护力度,重视加强湖区水文化宣传教育,建立水文化研究的专门队伍与平台,加强国际国内合作与交流等路径,解决当前湖区生态环境问题,实现湖区可持续发展,助力湖区生态文明建设。

基于“和美乡村”建设的农民生态文明意识培育路径探析

建设“宜居宜业和美乡村”是新时代党和国家全面推进乡村生态振兴的重要目标之一,更是提升乡村人民生活幸福感的重要举措。农民作为乡村中的主体力量,加强农民生态文明意识培育对提升乡村生态振兴主体素质,持续推进“和美乡村”建设,有效落实乡村生态振兴具有重要时代价值。当前,农民参与生态文明建设积极性不高、农民生态文明意识培育载体单一、体制机制薄弱等成为“和美乡村”建设的掣肘因素。因此,通过完善农民生态文明意识培育内容体系,拓宽农民生态文明意识培育主体,健全农民生态文明意识培育的机制保障,成为有效落实“宜居宜业和美乡村”建设目标重要环节。

生态文明立法下保护地役权的现状及规范构造

保护地役权由国外经验引入,在国家公园试点中逐渐成为兼具本土化探索的新兴土地权属管理制度。但基于公私属性争论,保护地役权的规范路径存在众多争论,尚未在我国法律体系中正式确立。考虑到国家公园正式设立以及自然保护地体系的建立,保护地役权制度应尽快于法有据。基于此,通过分析保护地役权制度属性,对比民法与环境法两条入法路径,结合生态文明立法进程探讨保护地役权规范构造的更优选择。分析得出在环境法中另起炉灶路径较为适宜,建议在先行出台的《国家公园法》中设定具体规则,后考虑在《自然保护地法》与《生态环境法典》中予以原则性纳入,最后将细化规定空间留给专类保护地法。

江苏省灌区水生态文明建设评价指标体系研究

为了客观准确评价江苏省灌区水生态文明建设状况,为水美乡村建设和全国农业现代化发展提供重要保障,文章从资源节约、生产高效、生态自然、环境优美、意识文明5个方面初步构建了江苏省灌区水生态文明建设评价指标体系。通过查询文献、规范、标准等确定评级标准,采用层次分析法(AHP)和综合指数评价法构建了评价模型,并对江苏省渠南灌区进行了综合评价实证研究。渠南灌区水生态文明综合评价指数为3.812,属于Ⅱ级灌区,资源节约、生产高效和生态自然状况好,环境优美和意识文明评价指数不高,分析了渠南灌区建设的薄弱环节。文章为江苏省灌区水生态文明建设提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

太原西山示范区取用水分析及影响评价

为使太原西山生态文化旅游示范区生态文明发展与区域水资源条件相适应,亟需科学评估区域取用水水平与水资源承载力的协调性。在优化区域水资源配置方案基础上,进一步对分析规划实施后区域水资源可持续利用的影响,并提出具体预防和减轻负面影响的对策与措施。旨在通过示范区水资源可持续利用和优化配置,为示范区绿色发展及招商引资提供技术支撑。

深汕特别合作区创建国家生态文明建设示范区策略研究

创建国家生态文明建设示范区是加强生态环境保护、深化生态文明体制改革、加快推进生态文明建设的重要抓手。为评估深圳市飞地—深汕特别合作区能否顺利创建国家生态文明建设示范区,在深圳市成功创建的背景下,围绕生态环境部发布的最新创建指标,通过指标达标情况分析,深入研究深汕特别合作区创建国家生态文明建设示范区的差距。研究发现,合作区在环境质量改善、生态质量提升、生态环境风险防范和节能减排降碳增效等方面的工作非常突出,相关指标全部达标,但在资源节约集约等方面,一些涉农指标如“农田灌溉水有效利用系数”“规模以下畜禽粪污集中收运利用体系”等还未达标,暴露出合作区从主营农业生产的乡镇向现代化智慧新城转变过程中的一些问题。针对存在的不足和短板,提出相应的策略:守护生态安全,保障生态环境质量不降低;发展生态经济,促进绿色低碳发展;弘扬生态文化,提高群众生态环保意识;振兴生态乡村,还清农业基础设施建设欠账。