Aim: This study aimed at describing the anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and at estimating the frequency of nerves at risk during the thyroid surgery. Methodology: We realiz...Aim: This study aimed at describing the anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and at estimating the frequency of nerves at risk during the thyroid surgery. Methodology: We realized a forward-looking study from September, 2016 in May 31st, 2018 in the laboratory of anatomy of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako in Mali. All the fresh anatomical subjects not carrying trauma and or a scar at the level of the previous region of the neck were held. The anatomical subjects were not included presenting a traumatic lesion and\or a scar of the previous region of the neck. Results: We realized 34 dissections of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve to 17 deathly subjects (11 men and 6 women with a sex-ratio of 1.8). The average age of the subjects was of 42 years (extremes: 18 and 70 years). Our study allowed highlighting in 100% of the cases, the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the superior thyroid artery so to the right as to the left. On 34 dissected external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, none had a previous route. However we found 28 nerves (82.4%) having a later route, stuck to the external face of the lower constrictor of the pharynx. These were not mixed with the superior thyroid artery and its branch of division and were situated outside the thyroid capsule. In 17.6% of the cases (6 cases), the nerve had a route mixed in the branch of the superior thyroid artery. These were found inside of the capsule (11.8% adhered to the artery and 5.8% crossed its branch of division). Conclusion: The risk of injury of the external laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery procedure is never zero. It is more important on the left side.展开更多
Purpose: Our purpose was to describe the anatomy of the external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve and to estimate the frequency of nerves at risk during the total thyroidectomies sub. Methodology: We realized in th...Purpose: Our purpose was to describe the anatomy of the external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve and to estimate the frequency of nerves at risk during the total thyroidectomies sub. Methodology: We realized in the CHU Point G in Bamako a forward-looking study over a period going from September 1st, 2016 till December 31st, 2017. All the patients operated by thyroidectomies subtotals for mild goiters were included to whom a systematic location of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in the space avascular of Reeve was realized. Cancers and other thyroid pathologies were not included. Results: We counted and operated 120 cases of mild goiters. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was seen and dissected in 80.8%;it was not seen in 19.2%. According to the classification of Cernea: the type 2 was found in 80.8% of the cases with him under typical 2b in 47.5% and under type 2a in 40 (33.3%). The global frequency of lesion of the external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve was 10.8% at 9 patients among whom 6 who presented a BENLS of Type Ni. Conclusion: The external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve of type 2 presents a risk of wound because the surgeon treats the upper pedicle at the level of the critical centimeter place over the upper pole of the thyroid. The identification of the nerve during the thyroid surgery is the solution of choice.展开更多
目的评估术中神经监测(intraoperative neuromonitoring,IONM)在甲状腺手术中对喉上神经外支(external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve,EBSLN)的保护作用。方法共133例行甲状腺手术的患者[98例女性,35例男性,年龄(45.6±11...目的评估术中神经监测(intraoperative neuromonitoring,IONM)在甲状腺手术中对喉上神经外支(external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve,EBSLN)的保护作用。方法共133例行甲状腺手术的患者[98例女性,35例男性,年龄(45.6±11.7)岁],随机分成2组。对于组1(n=66,112条神经)的患者,解剖甲状腺上极时不尝试识别EBSLN;对于组2(n=67,115条神经)的患者,手术时使用IONM来识别EBSLN。用术中环甲肌(cricothyroid muscle,CTM)震颤和声带肌电图(electromyography,EMG)信号来评估EBSLN功能。对于所有患者,分别于术前和术后第1,3,6个月行EBSLN声音损伤指数-5(voice impairment index-5,VII-5)评估。观察EBSLN损伤率、IONM对EBSLN的识别率及术后声音的改变情况。结果组1中共有9例(13.4%)患者共10条(8.9%)EBSLN损伤,组2中有1例(1.5%)患者共1条(0.9%)神经损伤,与组1相比,组2的神经损伤率显著降低(例数,P=0.008;EBSLN数,P=0.004)。而且IONM明显提高了组2的肉眼(P <0.001)和功能(P <0.001)识别率。结论甲状腺手术中,使用IONM有助于肉眼和功能识别EBSLN,降低EBSLN的损伤率,从而减少患者术后声音改变,即IONM对于EBSLN有保护作用。展开更多
文摘Aim: This study aimed at describing the anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and at estimating the frequency of nerves at risk during the thyroid surgery. Methodology: We realized a forward-looking study from September, 2016 in May 31st, 2018 in the laboratory of anatomy of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako in Mali. All the fresh anatomical subjects not carrying trauma and or a scar at the level of the previous region of the neck were held. The anatomical subjects were not included presenting a traumatic lesion and\or a scar of the previous region of the neck. Results: We realized 34 dissections of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve to 17 deathly subjects (11 men and 6 women with a sex-ratio of 1.8). The average age of the subjects was of 42 years (extremes: 18 and 70 years). Our study allowed highlighting in 100% of the cases, the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the superior thyroid artery so to the right as to the left. On 34 dissected external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, none had a previous route. However we found 28 nerves (82.4%) having a later route, stuck to the external face of the lower constrictor of the pharynx. These were not mixed with the superior thyroid artery and its branch of division and were situated outside the thyroid capsule. In 17.6% of the cases (6 cases), the nerve had a route mixed in the branch of the superior thyroid artery. These were found inside of the capsule (11.8% adhered to the artery and 5.8% crossed its branch of division). Conclusion: The risk of injury of the external laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery procedure is never zero. It is more important on the left side.
文摘Purpose: Our purpose was to describe the anatomy of the external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve and to estimate the frequency of nerves at risk during the total thyroidectomies sub. Methodology: We realized in the CHU Point G in Bamako a forward-looking study over a period going from September 1st, 2016 till December 31st, 2017. All the patients operated by thyroidectomies subtotals for mild goiters were included to whom a systematic location of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in the space avascular of Reeve was realized. Cancers and other thyroid pathologies were not included. Results: We counted and operated 120 cases of mild goiters. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was seen and dissected in 80.8%;it was not seen in 19.2%. According to the classification of Cernea: the type 2 was found in 80.8% of the cases with him under typical 2b in 47.5% and under type 2a in 40 (33.3%). The global frequency of lesion of the external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve was 10.8% at 9 patients among whom 6 who presented a BENLS of Type Ni. Conclusion: The external branch of the upper laryngeal nerve of type 2 presents a risk of wound because the surgeon treats the upper pedicle at the level of the critical centimeter place over the upper pole of the thyroid. The identification of the nerve during the thyroid surgery is the solution of choice.
文摘目的评估术中神经监测(intraoperative neuromonitoring,IONM)在甲状腺手术中对喉上神经外支(external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve,EBSLN)的保护作用。方法共133例行甲状腺手术的患者[98例女性,35例男性,年龄(45.6±11.7)岁],随机分成2组。对于组1(n=66,112条神经)的患者,解剖甲状腺上极时不尝试识别EBSLN;对于组2(n=67,115条神经)的患者,手术时使用IONM来识别EBSLN。用术中环甲肌(cricothyroid muscle,CTM)震颤和声带肌电图(electromyography,EMG)信号来评估EBSLN功能。对于所有患者,分别于术前和术后第1,3,6个月行EBSLN声音损伤指数-5(voice impairment index-5,VII-5)评估。观察EBSLN损伤率、IONM对EBSLN的识别率及术后声音的改变情况。结果组1中共有9例(13.4%)患者共10条(8.9%)EBSLN损伤,组2中有1例(1.5%)患者共1条(0.9%)神经损伤,与组1相比,组2的神经损伤率显著降低(例数,P=0.008;EBSLN数,P=0.004)。而且IONM明显提高了组2的肉眼(P <0.001)和功能(P <0.001)识别率。结论甲状腺手术中,使用IONM有助于肉眼和功能识别EBSLN,降低EBSLN的损伤率,从而减少患者术后声音改变,即IONM对于EBSLN有保护作用。
