Comparison of the clinical effects of dual-modality endoscopy and traditional laparotomy for the treatment of intra-and extrahepatic bile duct stones

BACKGROUND Bile duct stones(BDSs)may cause patients to develop liver cirrhosis or even liver cancer.Currently,the success rate of surgical treatment for intrahepatic and extrahepatic BDSs is not satisfactory,and there is a risk of postoperative complic-ations.AIM To compare the clinical effects of dual-modality endoscopy(duodenoscopy and laparoscopy)with those of traditional laparotomy in the treatment of intra-and extrahepatic BDSs.METHODS Ninety-five patients with intra-and extrahepatic BDSs who sought medical services at Wuhan No.1 Hospital between August 2019 and May 2023 were selected;45 patients in the control group were treated by traditional laparotomy,and 50 patients in the research group were treated by dual-modality endoscopy.The following factors were collected for analysis:curative effects,safety(incision infection,biliary fistula,lung infection,hemobilia),surgical factors[surgery time,intraoperative blood loss(IBL)volume,gastrointestinal function recovery time,and length of hospital stay],serum inflammatory markers[tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8],and oxidative stress[glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),and advanced protein oxidation products(AOPPs)].RESULTS The analysis revealed markedly better efficacy(an obviously higher total effective rate)in the research group than in the control group.In addition,an evidently lower postoperative complication rate,shorter surgical duration,gastrointestinal function recovery time and hospital stay,and lower IBL volume were observed in the research group.Furthermore,the posttreatment serum inflammatory marker(TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-8)levels were significantly lower in the research group than in the control group.Compared with those in the control group,the posttreatment GSH-Px,SOD,MDA and AOPPs in the research group were equivalent to the pretreatment levels;for example,the GSH-Px and SOD levels were significantly higher,while the MDA and AOPP levels were lower.CONCLUSION Dual-modality endoscopy therapy(duodenoscopy and laparoscopy)is more effective than traditional laparotomy in the treatment of intra-and extrahepatic BDSs and has a lower risk of postoperative complications;significantly shortened surgical time;shorter gastrointestinal function recovery time;shorter hospital stay;and lower intraop-erative bleeding volume,while having a significant inhibitory effect on excessive serum inflammation and causing little postoperative oxidative stress.

Clinical efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation in treatment of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones: A retrospective study

BACKGROUND The incidence of cholelithiasis has been on the rise in recent years,but the choice of procedure is controversial.AIM To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)combined with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation(EPBD)in patients with gallbladder stones(GS)with common bile duct stones(CBDS).METHODS The clinical data of 102 patients with GS combined with CBDS were selected for retrospective analysis and divided into either an LC+EPBD group(n=50)or an LC+endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)group(n=52)according to surgical methods.Surgery-related indexes,postoperative recovery,postoperative complications,and expression levels of inflammatory response indexes were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Total surgical time,stone free rate,rate of conversion to laparotomy,and successful stone extraction rate did not differ significantly between the LC+EPBD group and LC+EST group.Intraoperative hemorrhage,time to ambulation,and length of hospitalization in the LC+EPBD group were lower than those of the LC+EST group(P<0.05).The rate of total complications of the two groups was 9.80%and 17.65%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant.No serious complications occurred in either group.At 48 h postoperatively,the expression levels of interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,high-sensitivity Creactive protein,and procalcitonin were lower in the LC+EPBD group than in the LC+EST group(P<0.05).At 3 d postoperatively,the expression levels of aspartate transaminase,alanine transaminase,and total bilirubin were lower in the LC+EPBD group than in the LC+EST group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION LC combined with EPBD and LC combined with EST are both effective procedures for the treatment of GS with CBDS,in which LC combined with EPBD is beneficial to shorten the patient’s hospitalization time,reduce the magnitude of elevated inflammatory response indexes,and promote postoperative recovery.

Nursing Effect of Rapid Rehabilitation Surgery Concept in Laparoscopic Surgery for Extrahepatic Bile Duct Stones

Objective: To explore the application value of rapid rehabilitation concept in patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones under laparoscopy during perioperative period. Methods: 90 patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones treated in our hospital from January 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research object and randomly divided into the study group and the control group. The control group was given routine care, and the observation group was given rapid surgical rehabilitation care. The postoperative anal exhaust time, first meal time, early activity time, pain time, abdominal drainage tube removal time, hospitalization time and complication rate were compared between the two groups. The independent sample T test was used for the measurement data, and the x2 test was used for the counting data, and the difference was statistically significant (P Results: The postoperative anal exhaust time, first meal time, early activity time, pain time, abdominal drainage tube removal time and hospitalization time in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (all P Conclusion: The concept of rapid rehabilitation can significantly improve the perioperative nursing effect of patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones and accelerate their rehabilitation, which is worth improving and popularizing.

Intraductal ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct stones: a comparative study

BACKGROUND: Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) is highly accurate in detection of extrahepatic bile duct stones. This study was to compare the accuracy of IDUS and endo- scopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) in the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct stones. METHODS: Thirty patients suspected of extrahepatic bile duct stones on B ultrasonography, CT, or MRI were en- rolled for study. ERC was performed using a Fujinon duo- denoscope (ED-410XT, ED-410Xu), then IDUS was done by inserting a Fujinon microprobe (PL2220-15) through the endoscopic biopsy channel to detect the extrahepatic bile duct. Finally stones in the extrahepatic bile duct were detected and extracted by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). RESULTS: Among the 30 patients, 26 were diagnosed as having cholelithiasis accurately through ERC. In one pa- tient the stone detected by ERC was really floccule. Mis- diagnosis happened in 2 patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones. So the overall accuracy and sensitivity of ERC in the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct stones were 86.7% (26/30) and 92.9% (26/28) respectively. In contrast, IDUS showed the results of diagnosis were in consistent with those of EST stone extraction. Its accuracy and sensi- tivity in the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct stones were 100% (30/30) and 100% (28/28) respectively. CONCLUSION: IDUS which is superior to ERC in diagno- sing extrahepatic bile duct stones can avoid the visual error of ERC.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus common bile duct exploration for extrahepatic bile duct stones and postoperative recurrenceassociated risk factors

BACKGROUND There remain controversies regarding the surgical treatment of extrahepatic bile duct stones(EHBDSs)in clinical practice.AIM To explore the curative effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)plus common bile duct exploration(CBDE)for the surgical treatment of EHBDSs and to analyze the risk factors that affect postoperative stone recurrence.METHODS Eighty-two patients with EHBDSs admitted between March 2017 and March 2023 were selected.Among them,patients treated with open choledocholithotomy plus LC or open cholecystectomy(OC)were set as the control group(n=40),and those treated with LC plus CBDE served as the observation group(n=42).The surgical outcomes of the two groups were compared,the surgical complications and Gas-trointestinal Quality of Life Index(GIQLI)scores were counted,and the one-year prognostic recurrence was recorded.Independent factors for postoperative re-currence were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS The two groups were comparable in the stone residual rate(P>0.05).The ope-ration time(P<0.05),intraoperative bleeding(P<0.05),and total complication rate(P=0.005)were lower in the observation group than in the control group.The observation group exhibited a marked increase in the GIQLI score,which was higher than the control group(P<0.05).A lower one-year recurrence rate was determined in the observation group vs the control group(P=0.027).Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction[odds ratio(OR)=5.712,P=0.007]and the treatment scheme of open choledocholithotomy plus LC or OC(OR=6.771,P=0.008)were the independent risk factors for one-year recurrence in patients after surgery.CONCLUSION LC plus CBDE for patients with EHBDSs can reduce stone residuals,intraoperative bleeding,complications,and postoperative recurrence.

Clinical observation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or common bile duct lithotripsy

BACKGROUND The incidence of common bile duct(CBD) stones accounts for approximately 10%–15% of all CBD diseases.Approximately 8%–20% of these patients also have gallstones with heterogenous signs and symptoms.AIM To investigate the clinical effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and LC with CBD excision and stone extraction in one-stage suture(LBEPS) for the treatment of gallbladder and CBD stones.METHODS Ninety-four patients with gallbladder and CBD stones were selected from our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021.They were randomly divided into study and control groups with 47 patients each.The study group underwent LC with ERCP,and the control group underwent LC with LBEPS.Surgery,recovery time of gastrointestinal function,complication rates,liver function indexes,and stress response indexes were measured pre-and postoperatively in both the groups.RESULTS The durations of treatment and hospital stay were shorter in the study group than in the control group.There was no significant difference between the one-time stone removal rate between the study and control groups.The time to anal evacuation,resumption of oral feeding,time to bowel sound recovery,and time to defecation were shorter in the study group than in the control group.The preoperative serum direct bilirubin(DBIL),total bilirubin(TBIL),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) levels were insignificantly higher in the study group than that in the control group.A day after surgery,the postoperative serum DBIL,TBIL,and ALT levels were lower than their preoperative levels in both groups,and of the two groups,the levels were lower in the study group.Although the preoperative serum adrenocorticotrophic(ACTH),cortisol(COR),epinephrine(A),and norepinephrine(NE) levels were higher in the study group than that in the control group,these differences were not significant(P > 0.05).The serum ACTH,COR,A,and NE levels in both groups decreased one day after surgery compared to the preoperative levels,but the inter-group difference was statistically insignificant.Similarly,(91.79 ±10.44) ng/mL,A,and NE levels were lower in the study group than in the control group.The incidence of complications was lower in the study group than in the control group.CONCLUSION LC combined with ERCP induces only a mild stress response;this procedure can decrease the risk of complications,improve liver function,and achieve and promote a faster recovery of gastrointestinal functions.

Surgical treatment of gallbladder cancer:An eight-year experience in a single center

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is the most common biliary malignancy and has the worst prognosis,but aggressive surgeries[e.g.,resection of the extrahepatic bile duct(EHBD),major hepatectomy and lymph node(LN)dissection]may improve long-term survival.GBC may be suspected preoperatively,identified intraoperatively,or discovered incidentally on histopathology.AIM To present our data together with a discussion of the therapeutic strategies for GBC.METHODS We retrospectively investigated nineteen GBC patients who underwent surgical treatment.RESULTS Nearly all symptomatic patients had poor outcomes,while suspicious or incidental GBCs at early stages showed excellent outcomes without the need for two-stage surgery.Lymph nodes around the cystic duct were reliable sentinel nodes in suspicious/incidental GBCs.Intentional LN dissection and EHBD resection prevented metastases or recurrence in early-stage GBCs but not in advanced GBCs with metastatic LNs or invasion of the nerve plexus.All patients with positive surgical margins(e.g.,the biliary cut surface)showed poor outcomes.Hepatectomies were performed in sixteen patients,nearly all of which were minor hepatectomies.Metastases were observed in the left-sided liver but not in the caudate lobe.We may need to reconsider the indications for major hepatectomy,minimizing its use except when it is required to accomplish negative bile duct margins.Only a few patients received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiation.There were significant differences in overall and disease-free survival between patients with stages≤IIB and≥IIIA disease.The median overall survival and disease-free survival were 1.66 and 0.79 years,respectively.CONCLUSION Outcomes for GBC patients remain unacceptable,and improved therapeutic strategies,including neoadjuvant chemotherapy,optimal surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy,should be considered for patients with advanced GBCs.

LC+LERV与LC+LCBDE治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床效果比较

目的通过对比分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)+腹腔镜术中联合内镜(LERV)与LC+腹腔镜胆总管切开取石(LCBDE)对胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效,探讨两种手术方式的临床应用价值。方法前瞻性分析2021年12月至2023年5月江油市人民医院和潍坊市人民医院收治的110例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的临床资料,按随机数字表法分为LC+LERV组(n=54)和LC+LCBDE组(n=56),对两组患者的手术成功率、术中出血量、手术时间、引流管留置时间、术后并发症、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、平均住院时间以及住院费用进行比较分析。结果与LC+LCBDE组相比,LC+LERV组手术成功率较低[47(87.04%)vs 56(100.00%),χ2=7.467,P=0.006],手术时间较长[(112.0±15.6)min vs(98.0±21.5)min,t=3.771,P<0.001],但引流管留置时间明显较短[(2.34±0.66)d vs(7.41±12.88)d,t=-2.693,P=0.008],两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在术中出血量、术后并发症发生率方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组在术前、术后6 h、术后1 d及出院日VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但术后3 d LC+LCBDE组VAS评分高于LC+LERV组(P<0.05)。两组平均住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但LC+LERV组平均住院费用明显高于LC+LCBDE组[(25653.6±3317.0)元vs(17978.4±2158.0)元,t=14.219,P<0.001]。结论在治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石方面,LC+LCBDE和LC+LERV安全性上表现一致,LC+LERV术后舒适性更佳,但LC+LCBDE在治疗有效性、经济效率性方面更好,且LC+LCBDE可作为LC+LERV插管或取石失败后的补救术式。根据具体病情个性化选择手术方式,有利优势互补,获得最佳治疗效果。

老年胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者腹腔镜微创取石术后发生胰腺炎的危险因素及其预测效能

目的探讨老年胆囊结石(GS)合并胆总管结石(CBDS)患者腹腔镜微创取石术后发生胰腺炎的危险因素及预测效能。方法选择南阳市中心医院2020年1月至2023年1月收治的行腹腔镜微创取石术治疗的372例老年GS合并CBDS患者,根据术后是否发生胰腺炎分为胰腺炎组和非胰腺炎组。单因素和二元logistic回归分析老年GS合并CBDS患者腹腔镜微创取石术后并发胰腺炎的危险因素。结果372例老年GS合并CBDS患者行腹腔镜微创取石术后胰腺炎发生率为13.71%。胰腺炎组乳头旁憩室、胰管显影、行胰管括约肌切开术、胰腺支架与鼻胆管引流患者占比分别为68.63%、76.47%、58.82%、45.10%,高于非胰腺炎组的33.33%、34.89%、19.31%、21.50%(P<0.05)。乳头旁憩室、胰管显影、胰腺支架与鼻胆管引流、行胰管括约肌切开术为老年GS合并CBDS患者腹腔镜微创取石术后并发胰腺炎的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。logistic回归模型对老年GS合并CBDS患者腹腔镜微创取石术后并发胰腺炎的曲线下面积为0.860(95%CI:0.792~0.933),敏感度为90.20%,特异度为67.29%。结论老年GS合并CBDS患者腹腔镜微创取石术后并发胰腺炎风险较高,主要与乳头旁憩室、胰管显影、胰腺支架与鼻胆管引流、行胰管括约肌切开术等因素有关,基于上述因素构建预测模型具有良好预测效能,对上述危险因素进行针对性预防干预,可减少术后胰腺炎的发生,改善患者的预后。

腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术一期缝合在老年肝外胆管结石治疗中的效果及安全性评价

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术一期缝合在老年肝外胆管结石治疗中的效果及安全性。方法 选取老年肝外胆管结石患者148例为研究对象。所有患者均行腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术,其中88例行一期缝合(一期缝合组),60例做常规T管引流(常规组)。比较2组的手术相关指标、炎症因子水平变化、术后胃肠功能恢复情况以及并发症发生率。结果 一期缝合组的手术时间、术后引流时间、住院时间以及首次排气时间和肠鸣音恢复时间短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术中出血量、治疗总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术前相比,2组术后的C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBIL)水平均呈先升后降低的变化趋势,不同时点差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。一期缝合组术后1、2 d的血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。一期缝合组的术后并发症总发生率为3.41%,低于常规组的11.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术后3个月内的胆总管狭窄发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术一期缝合在老年肝外胆管结石患者治疗中的应用效果较好,有助于缩短手术时间,减轻炎症反应,降低术后并发症发生率,且安全性较高。

腹腔镜胆总管切开取石与ERCP对胆管结石合并胆囊结石患者术后恢复及远期随访结果的影响

目的:对比腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术与经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)对胆管结石合并胆囊结石患者术后恢复及远期随访结果的影响。方法:将本院2019年5月至2022年5月收治的128例胆管结石合并胆囊结石患者依据手术方式分为腹腔镜组(n=66,腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术)和ERCP组(n=62,ERCP术)。对比两组的一次手术成功率、手术时间、术中出血量、温氏孔/鼻胆管引流时间;比较两组的术后首次排气时间、下地活动时间、住院时间、住院费用。对比两组术后并发症,观察两组术后2年的结石复发率。结果:腹腔镜组的一次手术成功率高于ERCP组,手术时间、术中出血量高于ERCP组,温氏孔/鼻胆管引流时间短于ERCP组(P<0.05);腹腔镜组的术后首次排气时间、下地活动时间、术后住院时间相较于ERCP组缩短,住院费用相较于ERCP组增加(P<0.05);两组的术后并发症情况比较差异不明显(P>0.05);术后2年内,腹腔镜组的结石复发率明显低于ERCP组(P<0.05)。结论:对胆管结石合并胆囊结石患者应用腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术与ERCP均可取得明显的效果,其中腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术相比于ERCP术的术后恢复较快,远期复发率低,但手术费用较高。

胆囊结石合并胆总管多发结石治疗效果及其logistic回归分析

目的:基于logistic回归分析胆囊结石合并胆总管多发结石治疗效果及其影响因素,为临床防治提供参考依据。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年1月南阳市第一人民医院收治的150例胆囊结石合并胆总管多发结石患者作为研究对象,均行腹腔镜胆囊切除(LC)联合腹腔镜胆总管探查(LCBDE)术,随访1年,根据术后是否复发进行分组,对两组相关因素进行单因素和多因素非条件的logistic回归分析。结果:随访显示,150例胆囊结石合并胆总管多发结石患者中,术后有18例结石残留,残留率为12.00%(18/150);术后37例复发,纳入观察组,复发率为24.67%(37/150),未复发113例,纳入对照组。观察组胆固醇水平、胆总管直径、乳头旁憩室、胰管反复显影、胆管角成角、合并炎症患者比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.745、7.037、15.270、10.784、20.156、23.180,P<0.05)。胆固醇水平(>5.72 mmol/L)、胆总管直径(≥1.5 cm)、乳头旁憩室、胰管反复显影、合并炎症是胆囊结石合并胆总管多发结石术后复发危险因素,胆总管成角(>120°)是保护因素。结论:胆固醇水平、胆总管直径、乳头旁憩室、胰管反复显影、胆管角、合并炎症是胆囊结石合并胆总管多发结石术后复发的影响因素,临床应重视此类患者的术前评估及术后操作,以降低术后结石复发风险。

“三镜”联合手术治疗老年与非老年胆总管结石合并胆囊结石的效果对比

目的探讨腹腔镜、胆道镜及十二指肠镜三镜联合微创手术对老年胆总管结石合并胆囊结石病人的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析自2020年9月至2022年7月因胆总管结石合并胆囊结石就诊于华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院,同期行腹腔镜、胆道镜及十二指肠镜三镜联合手术的病人,总计65例病人纳入本研究,男性36例,女性29例,年龄范围为20~87岁。其中老年组(年龄≥60岁)病人32例,非老年组(年龄<60岁)病人33例。收集病人手术时间、术中出血量、胆总管直径、术后住院时间、术后并发症、手术费用等临床数据。结果老年组总住院时间高于非老年组[(14.5±3.6)d比(12.5±4.3)d,P<0.05],在手术时间、术中出血量、首次进食时间、术后住院时间、住院费用及术后总并发症[12.5%(4/32)比6.1%(2/33)]方面,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论“三镜”联合术式在老年胆总管结石合并胆囊结石病人和非老年胆总管结石合并胆囊结石病人中效果无明显差异,对老年病人是一种安全、有效的术式。

不同剂量瑞马唑仑对肝内外胆管结石手术患者麻醉效果及血流动力学影响

目的:探讨不同剂量瑞马唑仑对肝内外胆管结石手术患者麻醉效果及血流动力学的影响。方法:选取103例行肝内外胆管结石手术的患者为研究对象,采用瑞马唑仑麻醉,根据麻醉剂量不同分为低剂量组(0.2 mg/kg,n=52)及高剂量组(0.3 mg/kg,n=51)。比较两组患者麻醉效果、镇痛效果、氧化应激程度、血流动力学及不良反应发生情况。结果:低剂量组拔管时间及苏醒时间均短于高剂量组(P<0.05)。麻醉后,两组患者Ramsay评分均随时间发展而逐渐升高,且低剂量组Ramsay评分在麻醉15 min及麻醉30 min时均低于高剂量组(P<0.05)。术后6、12、24 h,高剂量组VAS评分均低于低剂量组,且两组患者VAS评分均随时间发展呈先升高后下降趋势(P<0.05)。术后1 d,两组患者过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))、人皮质醇(Cor)及丙二醛(MDA)水平均高于术前,且低剂量组各指标水平均低于高剂量组(P<0.05)。麻醉后15 min,两组患者舒张压、收缩压及心率水平均升高,高剂量组血氧饱和度降低,且低剂量组舒张压、收缩压及心率低于高剂量组,血氧饱和度高于高剂量组(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:两种剂量瑞马唑仑麻醉均具有较高的麻醉、镇静及镇痛效果,但高剂量麻醉易导致患者血流动力学波动较大,易引起患者产生较大应激反应,因此对于肝内外胆管结石手术采用低剂量麻醉安全性更佳。

腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆道镜经胆囊管探查取石术对胆囊合并胆总管结石患者手术相关指标及并发症的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除(LC)联合胆道镜经胆囊管探查取石术(LTCBDE)治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石患者的应用价值。方法选取2020年8月至2022年8月我院收治的96例胆囊合并胆总管结石患者为研究对象,基于随机数字表法规范化分为两组各48例,对照组实行开腹手术,观察组实行微创手术即LC+LTCBDE,观察对比两组手术相关指标、术后并发症发生率、炎症因子水平、肝功能指标。结果与对照组做对比,观察组术中出血量低,手术用时短,术后下床活动、肛门排气及住院时间均更短(P<0.05);与对照组做对比,观察组术后并发症发生率低(P<0.05);术后3d,两组CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、AMY水平均升高,其中观察组较对照组相对低(P<0.05);术后,两组AST、ALT、TBi L、ALP水平均升高,且术后3d观察组以上指标均较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论胆囊合并胆总管结石患者实施LC+LTCBDE治疗,相较于开腹胆囊切除胆总管探查术(OCBDE),患者损伤小,便于恢复,且并发症风险低,加快术后康复进程,其治疗安全性及有效性兼顾。

内镜鼻胆囊引流治疗胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎

目的 评估内镜鼻胆囊引流(ENGD)治疗胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性纳入2023年1—12月大连医科大学附属第一医院及同济大学附属东方医院收治的46例胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎患者,其中21例行内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)取石+ENGD治疗(ENGD组),另外25例行ERCP取石+经皮肝穿刺胆管引流(PTGD)(PTGD组),比较两组操作成功率、手术时间、并发症发生率、不良事件发生率、住院时间、治疗费用、患者满意度,以及二期腹腔镜胆囊切除(LC)手术时间、并发症发生率、腹腔引流管留置率及住院时间。结果 两组患者操作成功率均为100%。ENGD组和PTGD组在手术时间[(46.4±4.8)min vs (55.0±6.0)min]、治疗费用[(3.2±0.3)万元vs (3.5±0.3)万元]、患者满意度[5(5,5)分vs 4(4,5)分]方面的比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);ENGD组二期LC手术时间[(45.4±7.0)min vs (58.4±9.2)min]、并发症发生率[1(4.8%) vs 7(28.0%)]、腹腔引流管留置率[10(47.6%) vs 23(92.0%)]及住院时间[(3.6±0.7)d vs (4.7±0.6)d]均低于PTGD组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ENGD治疗胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎安全、有效,患者满意度高,并能降低LC风险。

以互动达标理论为指导的延续性护理结合家庭参与式护理干预在胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石行X线下ERCP+LC术后患者中的应用效果

目的探讨以互动达标理论为指导的延续性护理结合家庭参与式护理干预在胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石行X线下经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)+腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)术后患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年5月至2022年10月收治的120例胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石行X线下ERCP+LC术后患者作为研究对象,按护理方式差异将其分为对照组和观察组,各60例。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组在常规护理基础上采用以互动达标理论为指导的延续性护理结合家庭参与式护理干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的健康行为能力自评量表(SRAHP)各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的恐惧疾病进展简化量表(FoP-Q-SF)各维度评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的远期并发症总发生率及结石复发率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论以互动达标理论为指导的延续性护理结合家庭参与式护理干预可提高胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石行X线下ERCP+LC术后患者的健康行为,减轻疾病进展恐惧感,也能降低远期并发症发生率,预防结石复发,值得推广。

腹腔镜联合胆道镜经胆囊管胆道探查取石术与胆总管切开取石术治疗胆囊结石合并胆管结石患者疗效研究

目的比较研究腹腔镜联合胆道镜经胆囊管胆道探查取石术(LTCBDE)与腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术(LCBDE)治疗胆囊结石(GS)合并肝外胆管结石(EBDS)患者的疗效。方法2022年1月~2024年1月我院收治的GS合并EBDS患者168例,其中对照组123例接受LCBDE)手术,观察组45例接受LTCBDE手术治疗。采用ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素(IL)-6和C反应蛋白(CRP),常规检测血生化指标。结果观察组手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、术后住院日和医疗花费分别为(104.4±34.2)min、(29.9±11.2)ml、(22.3±10.1)h、(6.5±2.9)d和(1.4±0.6)万元,均显著短于或少于对照组【分别为(149.9±37.4)min、(43.6±16.3)ml、(28.4±9.6)h、(9.2±2.4)d和(1.8±0.7)万元,P<0.05】,两组结石清除率均为100.0%;在术后3d,观察组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α和白介素-6水平分别为(32.5±5.9)ng/L和(25.4±7.1)pg/L,均显著低于对照组【分别为(40.3±6.8)ng/L和(35.6±6.4)pg/L,P<0.05】;术后观察组胆漏、胆道感染、腹腔感染、胆道出血和急性胰腺炎发生率分别为0.0%、2.2%、2.2%、0.0%和0.0%,与对照组的2.4%、0.0%、4.1%、1.6%和2.4%比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论LCBDE与LTCBDE手术治疗GS合并EBDS患者均具有较好的清除结石效果,但在术后恢复和花费成本方面,LTCBDE手术更显优异。

双镜联合治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石患者的疗效及安全性分析

目的对胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石患者采用双镜联合(腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜)治疗的临床效果和安全性进行分析。方法选择103例胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石患者,根据手术方案不同分为观察组(61例,行双镜联合下胆囊切除术)和对照组(42例,实施传统开腹手术)。比较两组围术期指标[手术时间、住院时间、出血量、术后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、结石清除率]、血清应激指标[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、皮质醇(Cor)]、肝功能指标[谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)]、并发症发生率。结果两组结石清除率均为100.0%,比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。观察组的手术时间(96.3±7.5)min和住院时间(7.5±2.1)d短于对照组的(119.2±10.2)min、(9.4±1.2)d,出血量(25.8±5.4)ml少于对照组的(46.3±6.9)ml,术后VAS评分(2.9±0.8)分低于对照组的(3.4±0.7)分(P<0.05)。术前,两组血清中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP、Cor水平比较无明显差异(P>0.05);术后7 d,两组血清中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP、Cor水平均明显高于术前,但观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。术前,两组的ALT、AST、GGT比较,无明显差异(P>0.05)。术后7 d,观察组的ALT(43.9±4.3)U/L、AST(40.4±4.1)U/L、GGT(154.2±12.9)U/L均低于对照组的(56.9±6.4)、(49.2±5.1)、(193.3±26.5)U/L(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为4.92%,低于对照组的21.43%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石患者治疗中采用双镜联合下胆囊切除术治疗,能够改善围术期各项指标,并使得术后应激反应得到减轻,促进患者的术后恢复,并发症风险也大大降低,因此该方案值得在临床上推广。

熊去氧胆酸片对胆囊合并胆总管结石术后老年患者肝功能及胆汁成分的影响

目的探讨熊去氧胆酸片对胆囊合并胆总管结石术后老年患者肝功能及胆汁成分的影响。方法选取医院2021年2月至2023年2月收治的胆囊合并胆总管结石并行腹腔镜胆囊切除术联合消化内镜逆行性胰胆管造影术的老年(年龄不低于60岁)患者120例,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各60例。术后,对照组患者予常规治疗注射用头孢噻肟钠和异苷草酸镁注射液,观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上加用熊去氧胆酸片,两组患者均治疗3周。结果治疗后,两组患者的胆囊壁厚度均显著变小(P<0.05),胆囊收缩率均显著升高(P<0.05),且观察组均显著优于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶水平均显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的胆汁总胆固醇、总胆红素水平均显著降低(P<0.05),总胆汁酸水平均显著升高(P<0.05),且观察组均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2个月,观察组患者的腹胀、右上腹不适、胆绞痛等临床症状消失率均显著高于对照组(95.00%比61.67%,88.33%比68.33%,100.00%比76.67%,P<0.05)。术后1,6,12个月,观察组患者的结石复发率均显著低于对照组(0比1.67%,3.33%比8.33%,3.33%比18.33%,P<0.05)。结论熊去氧胆酸片可有效改善胆囊合并胆总管结石术后老年患者的肝功能及胆汁成分,减轻患者的临床症状,增强胆囊功能,减少结石复发。