Analgesic Effect of Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia and its Effect on TNF-α and CRP Levels in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture During Surgical Treatment

Objective:To observe the analgesic effect of combined spinal and epidural anesthesia on older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Method:One hundred and twenty elderly hip fracture surgery patients treated in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with 60 cases in the experimental group and 60 in the control group.The experimental group was given combined spinal-epidural anesthesia intervention measures,while the control group was given epidural anesthesia intervention measures.The analgesic effect,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP)levels,and other observation indicators were analyzed after anesthesia intervention.Result:After the intervention,the analgesic effect and the evaluation results of the subjects in the experimental group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05);the obtained values of TNF-αand CRP levels in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined spinal-epidural anesthesia intervention demonstrated positive outcomes.The analgesic effect of patients during surgery and their inflammatory factor levels improved,which makes this intervention worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Pneumocephalus Following Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia: A Case Report Analysis

Background: Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) is widely used in clinical anesthesia due to its rapid onset, reliable anesthetic effect, and strong controllability. Although advancements in technique have reduced the frequency and severity of common complications, reports of rare and serious complications such as pneumocephalus, remain scarce. Case Report: This article presents a case of pneumocephalus following CSEA in a middle-aged female patient undergoing surgery for an intrauterine space-occupying lesion. The patient experienced severe headache postoperatively, and imaging confirmed the presence of intracranial air. After receiving active symptomatic treatment, the patient recovered and was discharged. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of adhering to standard anesthesia protocols and increasing awareness of rare CSEA complications, particularly the risk of pneumocephalus. Early recognition and timely management are crucial. There is a need to further enhance training and research in anesthetic procedures to improve clinical anesthesia quality and ensure patient safety.

Regional anesthesia in a patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is an inherited autosomal-recessive disorder of impaired mucociliary clearance characterized by chronic respiratory diseases,otolaryngological diseases,central nervous system abnormalities,reproductive system abnormalities,and cardiac function abnormalities.General anesthesia in these patients is associated with a higher incidence of respiratory complications than in patients without the disease.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old male patient was referred to the emergency room complaining of right ankle pain due to distal tibiofibular fracture.Three years prior,he had been diagnosed with PCD.At that time,he had experienced several episodes of pneumonia,sinusitis,and chronic middle ear infections,for which he underwent surgical interventions.At the current admission,he presented with cough and sputum but no other respiratory symptoms.A chest computed tomography scan revealed centrilobular ground-glass opacities in both lower lobes and a calcified nodule in the left lower lobe.For the surgical procedure and postoperative pain management,combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was employed.The patient’s postoperative pain score was measured by the numerical rating scale(NRS).On the day of surgery,his NRS was 5 points.By the second postoperative day,the NRS score had decreased to 2–3 points.The epidural catheter was removed on the fourth day following the operation.The patient was subsequently discharged no respiratory complications.CONCLUSION We performed combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in a patient with PCD.The patient experienced no additional respiratory complications and was discharged with a low NRS score for pain.

Postoperative Analgesia and Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia: Multicenter Study

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia with intrathecal morphine is the reference technique in cesarean section anesthesia for the management of postoperative analgesia. If there is a contraindication to this, general anesthesia is required. The objective of the study was to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of 4 analgesic techniques performed during cesarean section under general anesthesia in two centers with different anesthetic practices (North Franche Comté Hospital and Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital). Method: This is a retrospective and descriptive study over 2 years, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. It involved evaluating the analgesic effectiveness and tolerance of morphine in the epidural catheter, wound infiltration, intravenous analgesia and Transversus Abdominous Plane block (TAP block) from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) until the 4th post-operative day. Results: Of the 354 cesarean sections performed, 84 (11.14%) received general anesthesia. The average age was 32.27 years. Acute fetal distress was the first indication for cesarean section (45.2%), followed by hemorrhagic placenta previa (10.7%) and prolapse of the cord (8.33%). Morphine in the epidural catheter was the most used (47.6%) followed by parietal infiltration (36.9%), intravenous analgesia (13.1%) and TAP block (2.38%). The analgesic effectiveness was comparable between the techniques from postoperative day 0 to day 4. No difference in side effects. Postoperative morphine consumption was significantly reduced (p = 0.011) in the infiltration (9 mg) and TAP block (9mg) groups compared to the epidural catheter (16 mg) and intravenous analgesia (17 mg). No difference in 02 rehabilitation criteria (ambulation, first bowel movement). No difference in the occurrence of chronic pain. Conclusion: In the event of a cesarean section under general anesthesia, there are effective and well-tolerated alternatives to neuraxial anesthesia, particularly regional anesthesia techniques (nerve blocks), particularly in countries with low availability of morphine.

Effect of epidural block combined intravenous general anesthesia stress on the stress response and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with breast cancer undergoing radical mastectomy

Objective: To investigate the effect of epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia on stress response and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with breast cancer undergoing radical mastectomy. Methods: In our hospital from July 2016 to June 2017 undergoing radical mastectomy for breast cancer of 88 patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group of 44 cases, 2 patients underwent routine preoperative preparation, and routine blood pressure, heart rate, pulse, oxygen saturation, ECG monitoring, control group with intravenous anesthesia. The observation group was treated with epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia. 2 groups of patients before anesthesia, 30 MIM (T0), 1 h after skin incision (T1), 4 h after operation (T2), 24 h after operation (T3), 48 h after operation (T4) from peripheral venous blood were measured by interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), cortisol (Cor), prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH) and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), the calculation of CD4+/CD8+ value. Results: the serum IL-8 level of T1, T2, T3and T4 decreased gradually, were lower than at T0, and the control group at each time point had no significant difference, T1, T2, T3group, T4IL-8 levels lower than the control group;the 2 groups of serum IFN-γ levels T1 and T2had no significant change, T3and T4increased gradually, was higher than that of T0, but no significant difference between the 2 groups of IFN-γ levels. 2 serum Cor levels peaked at T1, decreased at T2, was higher than that of T0, T3, T4returned to T0, the observation group T1, T2Cor level lower than the control group;the serum PRL levels of 2 groups reached a peak at T1, T2, T3at the time of T4decreased gradually, was higher than that of T0, T1, T2, T3of the observation group at the PRL level is lower than the control group;the serum level of GH 2 in group T1increased gradually, reached a peak at T2, T3and T4 decreased gradually, was higher than that of T0, the observation group T1, T2, T3, T4, GH levels lower than the control group. 2 groups of CD3+ decreased gradually in T1, T2, were lower than T0, T3, T4returned to T0, the observation group T1, T2CD3+ was higher than the control group;group CD4+ decreased gradually in T1, T2, T3and T4were lower than control, T0when, and the observation group CD4+ in T1, T2, T3, T4, no significant changes were observed in group T1, T2, T3, T4and CD4+ higher than that of the control group;the 2 group CD8+ had no obvious changes in T1, T2, T3, T4;observation group CD4+/CD8+ decreased gradually in T1, T2, were lower than T0, T3, T4returned to T0, the observation group T1, T2CD4+/CD8+ was higher than the control group. Conclusion: epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia for breast cancer radical mastectomy can effectively relieve the stress and inflammatory reaction, alleviate the immunosuppression, and help to restore the postoperative immune function.

Comparative Study between General Anesthesia versus General Anesthesia Combined with Thoracic Epidural Analgesia on Cytokine Response in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients

Background and Objectives: The main benefits of laparoscopic surgery in comparison to open surgery involve the rapid discharge from recovery room, decreased postoperative hospital stays, reduced postoperative discomfort, easier getting back to work and faster return to ordinary daily life as well as cosmetic surgical wounds. The anesthesia type has an essential role in attenuation of the surgical stress and achievement of these advantages. We aimed to determine the outcome of giving general anesthesia in conjunction with thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) compared to general anesthesia alone on stress response to surgery and anesthesia by investigating cytokine reaction (interleukin 6 and 8 levels), hemodynamic changes (BP, HR, RR, SPO2), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores postoperatively in patients subjected for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: This study included 40 patients aged 20 - 60 years old with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA) I and II. They were planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Aswan University Hospital from April 2017 to March 2018. They were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A (n. 20) received general anesthesia only and Group B (n. 20) received general anesthesia in conjunction with thoracic epidural analgesia using fentanyl and bupivacaine in the epidural catheter. Chi-square was applied to differentiate categorical variables, whereas comparison between continuous variables was done by using t-test. Two-tailed p < 0.05 was estimated as statistically significant. Results: As regards IL-6 and IL-8 post-operative there is significant difference (p < 0.05) between two groups during 2nd and 4th hr and 24th hr postoperative, with significantly increased postoperative levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in comparison to their preoperative baseline values. The largest increase in IL6 & IL8 levels was in group A (GA group). VAS score showed significant lower values in TEA group in comparison to GA group. No significant difference between groups as regard intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic changes. Conclusion: Regional techniques including TEA attenuate and decrease cytokine reaction secondary to surgery which decreases inflammatory process and improves patient outcome and reduces pain score postoperatively.

Influence of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on adrenal cortex, stress factors and immunologic function in patients with lung cancer

Objective: To observe the influence of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on adrenal cortex, stress factors and immunologic function in patients with lung cancer. Methods:A total of 60 patients with lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups: observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). Observation group: general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia;control group: patients were treated only by general anesthesia. Recording and comparing the levels of Ang-Ⅱ, Cor, AD, MDA, GC, ALDO, 17-OH, 17-KS and immunologic function before and after treatment. Results: (1) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum Ang-Ⅱ, Cor, AD, MDA, GC, ALDO, 17-OH, 17-KS levels between the two groups. After treatment, the serum Ang-Ⅱ, Cor, AD, MDA, GC, ALDO, 17-OH, 17-KS levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the same group before treatment, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, there was significant difference between the two groups. (2) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+between the two groups. After treatment, the CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the same group before treatment, the CD8+ of the two groups were significantly higher, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, there was significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion:General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia for patients with lung cancer can perfect the levels of serum adrenal cortical hormone, stress factors and be beneficial to protect their immunologic function.

Effects of Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Static Aspiration Combined General Anesthesia on Postoperative Cognitive Function and Psychological State of Elderly Patients with Esophageal Cancer

Objective: To compare the effects of total intravenous anesthesia and static aspiration combined general anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function and psychological state of elderly esophageal cancer patients. Methods: From July 2020 to April 2021, 180 elderly patients who underwent radical esophageal cancer surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into 90 cases in the control group and 90 in the observation group. The control group used static aspiration compound general anesthesia, and the patients in the observation group used intravenous anesthesia to compare the cognitive function and psychological state of the two groups of patients. Results: There was no statistical difference in the cognitive function score of patients in the observation group 30 minutes before anesthesia, 1 h and 24 hours after anesthesia compared with that in the control group, P > 0.05;there was no statistical difference between the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores 30 minutes before and 24 hours after anesthesia in the observation group compared with the control group, P > 0.05;the cognitive function score of patients in the observation group of 4 h after surgery and 12 h after operation was significantly higher than that of the control group;the HAMA scores of patients in the observation group of 1 h, 4 h and 12 h after surgery were significantly lower than that of the control group, P Conclusion: The application of total intravenous anesthesia in elderly patients with esophageal cancer surgery can reduce the impact of anesthesia on their cognitive function and psychological state, which is worth popularizing and applying in clinical practice.

Dynamics of vascular volume and hemodilution of lactated Ringer’s solution in patients during induction of general and epidural anesthesia

Objective： To investigate the dynamics of vascular volume and the plasma dilution of lactated Ringer＇s solution in patients during the induction of general and epidural anesthesia. Methods： The hemodilution of i.v. infusion of 1000 ml of lactated Ringer＇s solution over 60 min was studied in patients undergoing general （n=31） and epidural （n= 22） anesthesia. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure and hemoglobin （Hb） concentration were measured every 5 rain during the study. Surgery was not started until the study period had been completed. Results： General anesthesia caused the greater decrease of mean arterial blood pressure （MAP） （mean 15% versus 9%; P〈0.01） and thereby followed by a more pronounced plasma dilution, blood volume expansion （VE） and blood volume expansion efficiency （VEE）. A strong linear correlation between hemodilution and the reduction in MAP （r=-0.50;P〈0.01） was found. At the end of infusion, patients undergoing general anesthesia retained 47% （SD 19%） of the infused fluid in the circulation, while epidural anesthesia retained 29% （SD 13%） （P〈0.001）. Correspondingly, a fewer urine output （mean 89 ml versus 156 ml; P〈0.05） and extravascular expansion （454 ml versus 551 ml; P〈0.05） were found during general anesthesia. Conclusion： We concluded that the induction of general anesthesia caused more hemodilution, volume expansion and volume expansion efficiency than epidural anesthesia, which was triggered only by the lower MAP.

Effect of combined spinal and epidural anesthesia on the level of pain media, stress indicators and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing high altitude cesarean section

Objective: To discuss the effect of combined spinal and epidural anesthesia on the levels of pain media, stress indicators and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing high altitude cesarean section. Methods: Eighty patients who underwent cesarean section in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2019 were enrolled in the hospital. They were divided into two groups according to the patient's anesthesia. Fourty patients receiving epidural anesthesia were included in the control group, and another 40 patients received lumbar stiffness. The combined anesthesia patient was included in the observation group. Changes in pain mediators [Serum neuropeptide Y (NPY), endorphin (β-EP), substance P (SP)], stress indicators [Serum cortisol (Cor), C-peptide (C-P), advanced oxidative protein product (AOPP)], inflammatory factor levels [Hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)], and immunoglobulin levels [Serum IgA, IgG, IgM] were compared between the two groups. Results: Before anesthesia, there were no significant difference in pain media, stress index, inflammatory factor level and immunoglobulin level between the two groups (P>0.05). At 12 h after operation, the two groups of patients were NPY, β-EP, SP, Cor. The levels of C-P, AOPP, hs-CRP and TNF-α were higher than those before operation (P<0.05). The levels of IgA, IgG and IgM were lower than those before operation (P<0.05). Among them, observation group NPY, β-EP, SP, Cor, C-P, AOPP, hs-CRP and TNF-α were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combined spinal and epidural anesthesia can more effectively alleviate maternal pain in high altitude cesarean section, more effectively reduce the inflammatory stress response of patients, promote the humoral immune function of patients, and is beneficial to the early recovery of maternal postoperative, and has high clinical value.

A combination therapy of ethanol injection and radiofrequency ablation under general anesthesia for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To summarize the effects of laparoscopic ethanol injection and radiofrequency ablation (L-EI-RFA), thora- coscopic (T-EI-RFA) and open-surgery assisted EI-RFA (O-EI-RFA) under general anesthesia for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Time-lag performance of RFA after ethanol injection (Time-lag PEI-RFA) was performed in all cases. The volume of coagulated necrosis and the applied en- ergy for total and per unit volume coagulated necrosis were examined in the groups treated under general (group G) or local anesthesia (group L). RESULTS: The results showed that the total applied energy and the applied energy per unit volume of whole and marginal, coagulated necrosis were significantly larger in group G than those in the group L, resulting in a larger volume of coagulated necrosis in the group G. The rate of local tumor recurrence within one year was extremely low in group G. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EI-RFA, un- der general anesthesia, may be effective for the treat- ment of HCC because a larger quantity of ethanol and energy could be applied during treatment under pain- free condition for the patients.

Differential effects of controlled hypotension on gastric intramucosal pH and post-operational gastrointestinal functional under two different anesthesia methods

Objective： To observe the effects of controlled hypotension on gastric intrarnucosal pH and post-operational gastrointestinal functions using two specific anesthesia methods. Methods： Thirty patients（ASA II ）scheduled for ectomy of hepatocarcinoma, were randomly assigned to two groups： epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia group（E group） and inhalation anesthesia group（G group）. Gastric PgCO2 and phi were monitored at different time points, before theintravenous induction of controlled hypotension, after 1 h and 2 h, and 1 h after the termination of controlled hypotension. In the meanwhile, the artery blood gas was analyzed. Results： There was no significant difference in blood gas indexes between E group and G group. However, phi decreased significantly after I h and 2 h of controlled hypotension（P 〈 0.05）, and during the same periods PgCO2 increased significantly（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）, the time of bowel movement and defecating deferred significantly shorter in G group patients, when compared with E group patients. Conclusion： Epidural block in combination with general anesthesia can improve gastrointestinal blood flow during controlled hypotension and facilitates post-operational recovery of gastrointestinal functions.

Regional anesthesia for orthopedic procedures:What orthopedic surgeons need to know

Regional anesthesia is an integral component of successful orthopedic surgery.Neuraxial anesthesia is commonly used for surgical anesthesia while peripheral nerve blocks are often used for postoperative analgesia.Patient evaluation for regional anesthesia should include neurological,pulmonary,cardiovascular,and hematological assessments.Neuraxial blocks include spinal,epidural,and combined spinal epidural.Upper extremity peripheral nerve blocks include interscalene,supraclavicular,infraclavicular,and axillary.Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks include femoral nerve block,saphenous nerve block,sciatic nerve block,iPACK block,ankle block and lumbar plexus block.The choice of regional anesthesia is a unanimous decision made by the surgeon,the anesthesiologist,and the patient based on a risk-benefit assessment.The choice of the regional block depends on patient cooperation,patient positing,operative structures,operative manipulation,tourniquet use and the impact of postoperative motor blockade on initiation of physical therapy.Regional anesthesia is safe but has an inherent risk of failure and a relatively low incidence of complications such as local anesthetic systemic toxicity(LAST),nerve injury,falls,hematoma,infection and allergic reactions.Ultrasound should be used for regional anesthesia procedures to improve the efficacy and minimize complications.LAST treatment guidelines and rescue medications(intralipid)should be readily available during the regional anesthesia administration.

Effects of different anesthesiaes on activity of aldose reducetase inRBC and level of plasma nitric oxide in patients undergoing gastric canceroperation

Objective: To investigate the effects of different anesthesiaes on the activity of aldose reductase(AR) in RBC and the levels of plasma nitric oxide(NO) in patients undergoing gastric cancer operation. Methods: Twenty-eight patients undergoing gastric cancer operation were randomly divided into two groups with 14 cases for each. Anesthesia was maintained with 1.5-2.0MAC isoflurane plus epidural block in group Ⅱ. Venous blood samples were collected to measure the AR ctivity in RBC, the levels of plasma NO and glucose. Results: The plasma levels of glucose were increased significantly at 90 min after incision and kept at the high levels till the 1st postoperative day in group Ⅰ(P<0.01 or P<0.05) as compared with those before anesthesia, the changes in group Ⅱ were same as in group Ⅰ(P<0.01),but not on the 1st postoperative day. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The activity of AR in RBC was increased significantly and the level of plasma NO was decreased significantly on the 1st postoperative day in group Ⅰ(P<0.05). In group Ⅱ, AR and NO changed slightly,but these changes were not significant. The extent of change in the activity of AR or the level of NO no the 1st postoperative day in group Ⅱ was less than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05). Conclusion: Polyol pathway in RBC activated under surgical hyperglycemia while the production of NO is inhibited in patients undergoing gastric cancer operation, which can be effectively attenuated by combined general-epidural anesthesia.

SURVEY ON CLINICAL STUDY OF COMPOUND ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA IN RECENT 10 YEARS IN CHINA

In the present paper, the authors make a review on the progresses of acupuncture anesthesia (AA) from ① historical development, ② research on acupuncture combined with local anesthesia; ③ research on acupuncture combined with epidural anesthesia; and ④ research on acupuncture combined with general anesthesia. Compound acupuncture anesthesia provides a new anesthetic measure for surgical operations and has a definite analgesic effect and many advantages, and should be investigated further.

EMLA■ Cream coated on endotracheal tube with or without epidural lidocaine reduces isoflurane requirement during general anesthesia

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of tracheal topical anesthesia using EMLA■Cream(EC)coated on the endotracheal tube(ETT)with or without epidural anesthesia(EA)on isoflurane requirement during general anesthesia(GA)and investigate whether EC coated on the ETT with EA was associated with the additive effect compared with the effect when each anesthetic was administered independently.The prospective randomized,double-blinded,and controlled study included 60 ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients scheduled for upper abdominal surgery requiring GA.Patients were randomly assigned to one of the following groups:group 1 received GA,group 2 received EC+GA,group 3 received GA+EA,and group 4 received EC+GA+EA.Isoflurane was administered at the required concentrations to maintain the mean arterial pressure at a level not exceeding 20% of preoperative values.The percentage mean expired concentration(%MEC)was used in calculating the isoflurane requirement.Emergence agitation,postoperative sore throat,and hoarseness were recorded.Groups 2,3,and 4 exhibited a significant reduction on isoflurane requirement compared with group 1(P<0.05).The isoflurane requirement evaluated by%MEC decreased by 12%,38%,and 50% in groups 2,3,and 4,respectively.The incidence of emergence agitation was significantly lower in groups 2 and 4 than those in groups 1 and 3(P<0.05).Tracheal topical anesthesia using EC coated on ETT with or without EA reduced the isoflurane requirement during GA,indicating that EC combined with EA exhibited an additive effect on the requirement of general anesthetic.

腰硬联合麻醉在老年髋部骨折手术患者中的应用

目的:探析腰硬联合麻醉在老年髋部骨折手术患者中的应用。方法:选取2020年11月—2021年11月江门市新会区人民医院麻醉科收治的80例老年髋部骨折手术患者作为研究对象。根据随机法将其分为常规组和试验组,各40例。常规组给予连续硬膜外麻醉,试验组给予腰硬联合麻醉。比较两组入室时(T_(0))、手术开始后10 min(T_(1))、手术开始后30 min(T_(2))、手术结束时(T_(3))的心率、收缩压及舒张压。比较两组术前、术后12 h应激指标,麻醉效果,麻醉优良率,术后10 min,术后1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h疼痛情况,不良反应。结果:T_(1),试验组心率、舒张压均显著高于常规组,T_(2)、T_(3),试验组心率、舒张压及收缩压均显著高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后12 h,试验组肾上腺素(AD)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均显著低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组麻醉起效时间、感觉阻滞完善时间均明显短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组优良率显著高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h,试验组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应发生率显著低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:老年髋部骨折手术患者采用腰硬联合麻醉,其麻醉起效时间短,镇痛效果佳,可减轻患者的应激反应和术后疼痛,且不增加麻醉相关不良反应,可取得安全高效的麻醉效果。

腰硬联合麻醉分娩镇痛后发热对母婴分娩结局的影响

目的探讨腰硬联合麻醉分娩镇痛后发热对分娩结局的影响,以期改善母婴结局。方法选取2020年1月至2022年6月进行腰硬联合麻醉分娩镇痛的300例产妇作为研究对象,根据镇痛后是否出现发热将产妇分为两组。对照组为未出现发热的产妇,共150例;观察组为出现发热的产妇,共150例。比较两组产妇的阴道操作次数、破膜时间、总产程时间、缩宫素使用比例、分娩方式、产妇不良结局发生率以及新生儿不良结局发生率。结果观察组阴道操作次数(7.56±1.12)次,破膜时间为(11.86±2.03)h,总产程时间为(17.08±2.34)h,使用缩宫素加强宫缩为51例(34.00%),对照组阴道操作次数(5.41±1.04)次,破膜时间为(8.69±1.75)h,总产程时间为(15.04±1.84)h,使用缩宫素加强宫缩为20例(13.33%),两组产妇的阴道操作次数、破膜时间、总产程时间、缩宫素使用比例等指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组产妇自然分娩82例(54.67%),剖宫产45例(30.00%),器械助产23例(15.33%),对照组产妇自然分娩121例(80.67%),剖宫产19例(12.67%),器械助产10例(6.67%),两组产妇的分娩方式比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.001)。观察组产妇出现低血压、头痛、产后出血、产褥感染等总不良结局发生率为60.67%(91/150),对照组产妇出现低血压、头痛、产后出血、产褥感染等总不良结局发生率为31.33%(47/150),两组产妇总不良结局发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组出现胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿败血症、新生儿高胆红素血症等总不良结局发生率为40.67%(61/150),对照组出现胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿败血症、新生儿高胆红素血症等总不良结局发生率为22.67%(34/150),两组新生儿总不良结局发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论产时发热是一种临床表现,早发现早预防非常重要。对于产科医生而言,应加强产程管理,掌握阴道操作指征,严格遵循无菌操作,以预防感染性产时发热。同时,要避免产时发热相关因素的叠加,防止非感染性发热的发生。此外,还需综合分析产时发热的原因,动态监测各项指标,仔细鉴别,并采取适宜的产程处理措施。

不同剂量麻醉药在超高龄患者腰硬联合麻醉中的应用效果分析

目的:分析不同剂量麻醉药在超高龄患者腰硬联合麻醉中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年6月—2020年8月于青岛市第三人民医院行腰硬联合麻醉手术的患者96例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各48例。观察组给予麻醉药2.0 mL,对照组给予麻醉药1.5 mL。比较两组麻醉效果、血流动力学指标、疼痛情况、不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组完全阻滞时间、麻醉起效时间早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。麻醉前,两组DBP、SBP、HR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术切皮时、手术完成时、术后1 h,两组DBP、SBP、HR高于麻醉前,但观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:相较于低剂量麻醉药,高剂量麻醉药在超高龄患者腰硬联合麻醉中的应用效果更好,有助于提高麻醉效果,保持患者术中生命体征平稳,且安全性较好。

老年前列腺增生患者等离子电切术中右美托咪定复合腰硬联合麻醉的镇静效果及对应激反应的影响

目的 探讨老年前列腺增生患者等离子电切术中右美托咪定复合腰硬联合麻醉的镇静效果及对应激反应的影响。方法 前瞻性选取2022年1月—2023年4月在安徽医科大学附属滁州医院行等离子电切术的102例老年前列腺增生患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组51例。对照组给予咪达唑仑复合腰硬联合麻醉,研究组给予右美托咪定复合腰硬联合麻醉。对比两组苏醒时间、围手术期血流动力学、术中寒颤、疼痛、认知功能、炎症反应、应激反应情况及不良反应情况。结果 研究组苏醒时间短于对照组(P <0.05)。两组麻醉诱导前、切皮时、术毕时的平均动脉压、心率比较,结果:(1)不同时间点平均动脉压、心率比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.523和7.961,均P=0.000);(2)两组平均动脉压、心率比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.036和8.185,均P=0.000);(3)两组平均动脉压、心率变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.654和8.235,均P=0.000)。研究组寒颤发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后4 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=8.935,P=0.000);(2)两组VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=7.419,P=0.000);(3)两组VAS评分变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(F=7.128,P=0.000)。两组术前、术后24 h、48 h的简易精神状态检查(MMSE)评分比较,两组术前、术后24 h、48 h的MMSE评分比较,结果:(1)不同时间点MMSE评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=7.986,P=0.000);(2)两组MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.171,P=0.841);(3)两组MMSE评分变化趋势比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.315,P=0.702)。两组开始麻醉时、术后24 h、术后48 h的白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点TNF-α、IL-6比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.517和8.613,均P=0.000);(2)两组TNF-α、IL-6比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.987和7.543,均P=0.000);(3)两组TNF-α、IL-6变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.968和7.741,均P=0.000)。两组术前、术后24 h、术后48 h的肾上腺素(Adr)、皮质醇(Cor)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点Adr、Cor比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.001和8.547,均P=0.000);(2)两组Adr、Cor比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.958和7.874,均P=0.000);(3)两组的Adr、Cor变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.147和7.959,均P=0.000)。两组总不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 老年前列腺增生患者等离子电切术中右美托咪定复合腰硬联合麻醉的镇静效果显著,可减轻患者围手术期疼痛、炎症反应及应激反应,维持围手术期血流动力学稳定,且安全可靠。