Laparoscopic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma: where is the limit?

Hepatocellular cancer （HCC） is the sixth most common malignant tumor worldwide and the most common primary liver cancer （1）. Liver resection or liver transplantation is the therapeutic gold standards in patient with HCC. Due to advanced disease, extrahepatic metastases, or inadequate liver reserve, only 15% to 30% of patients with HCC can undergo to surgery （2）. Five-year risk of recurrence of HCC after resection is as high as 70% because the underlying chronic liver disease continues to put the patient at risk for the development of new cancer nodules （3）. Starting from the assumption that recurrence may be newly treated with surgery, laparoscopic approach is recommended,

Some Structure and Comparison Results for Sequential Martingales in the Limit

There are several important generalizations of martingales such as games fairer with time, quasi-mils and sequential martingales in the limit. In the note, we shall consider all possible structures of a probability space （Ω,A, （An）, P） associated with a stochastic basis（An） of sub a-fields of A with An ↑ A. Then, we shall apply them to establish some comparison results for the aforementioned generalizations of martingales.

ON THE LIMIT CASE OF THE STEP-REDUCTION METHOD FOR CALCULATING NON-UNIFORM BEAM WITH VARIOUS SECTIONS

In this paper, the step reduction method is discussed, which was advanced by Prof. Yeh Kai-yuan for calculating a non-uniform beam with various sections. The following result is proved. The approximate solution by this method approaches the true solution if the number of the steps approaches the infinity. However, the measure of the error between the limit solution and the ture solution is not in the pure mathematics sense but in the mechanics sense.

The Sky’s the Limit

MARCH in Malawi was a significant time for women, In a month that traditionally celebrates the International Women＇s Day （IWD）, glass ceilings were being shattered. Malawi Airlines made history with an all-female operated and supported flight. The company celebrated IWD in style and boldness as an all-women crew took to the skies in a Bombardier Q400 flown from Blantyre in Mafawi to Dar es Salaam in Tanzania, with a stopover at Kamuzu International Airport （KIA） in Malawi.

Theoretical and experimental assessment of a novel method to establish the complete measurement range of the calorimeter and its limit of detection and quantification

For determining the accuracy of a calorimeter over the instrument’s entire measuring range,a novel method has been established.For this new approach,(a)benzoic acid(C_(6)H_(5)CO_(2)H) as a certified reference material(CRM),(b)SiO_(2) and(c)a mixture of CRM benzoic acid and SiO_(2) have been used.To illustrate the essential difference between 1)the novel analytical method for control of the entire measurement range and 2)the calorimeter calibration,both applications of benzoic acid(BA)have been demonstrated.An experimental result showed that BA was successfully used to check the whole calorimeter measurement range.The results also showed that the same new method was successfully applied to determine the limit of detection and quantification.A new instrument testing process and a new measurement technique have thus been established.In this way,the cost of using CRM to control the accuracy of measuring the entire measuring range of the calorimeter,as shown in this paper,is minimized.The requirements of the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard are satisfied.ISO/IEC 17025:2017,together with ISO 9001:2015(quality management systems),ISO 14001:2015(relate to environmental protection)and ISO45001:2018(occupational safety),constitute an integrated quality system by which a testing laboratory may also accredit.

Arc-length technique for nonlinear finite element analysis

Nonlinear solution of reinforced concrete structures, particularly complete load-deflection response, requires tracing of the equilibrium path and proper treatment of the limit and bifurcation points. In this regard, ordinary solution techniques lead to instability near the limit points and also have problems in case of snap-through and snap-back. Thus they fail to predict the complete load-displacement response. The arc-length method serves the purpose well in principle, received wide acceptance in finite element analysis, and has been used extensively. However modifications to the basic idea are vital to meet the particular needs of the analysis. This paper reviews some of the recent developments of the method in the last two decades, with particular emphasis on nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete structures.