CFD (computational fluid dynamics) is following the trend of CAD and FEA (finite element analysis) to undergraduate education especially with recent advances in commercial codes. It will soon take its place as an ...CFD (computational fluid dynamics) is following the trend of CAD and FEA (finite element analysis) to undergraduate education especially with recent advances in commercial codes. It will soon take its place as an expected skill for new engineering graduates. CFD was added as a component to an experiment in a junior level fluid mechanics course. The objectives were to introduce CFD, as an analysis tool, to the students and to support the theoretical concepts of the course. The students were asked to complete an experimental two-dimensional study for a wing in a wind tunnel, to use CFD to simulate the flow, and to predict the aerodynamic lift using CFD as well as the experimentally obtained pressure distribution. In addition, they had to compare their results to published data for the studied wing. Details of the course, the wind tunnel test and the CFD simulations are presented. Samples from the students' work are used in the discussion. The lab activities were successfully completed by the students and the learning objectives were well addressed. One of the valuable outcomes from this lab was the opportunity for the students to integrate multiple fluid mechanics analysis tools and learn about the limits for each tool. CFD also enhanced the learning in the lab activities and increased students' interest in the subject.展开更多
目的识别本科护生问题性网络使用(problematic internet use,PIU)转变模式,分析不同转变模式与非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)关联。方法便利抽样选取901名本科护生为研究对象,分别于2022年9月(T1)、2023年9月(T2),采用...目的识别本科护生问题性网络使用(problematic internet use,PIU)转变模式,分析不同转变模式与非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)关联。方法便利抽样选取901名本科护生为研究对象,分别于2022年9月(T1)、2023年9月(T2),采用一般资料调查表、戴维斯在线认知量表和青少年NSSI评定问卷对其进行调查。潜在类别分析识别PIU类别,潜在转变分析探讨PIU转变模式,Logistic回归探索不同转变模式与NSSI关联。结果T1和T2时点护生PIU均有3个类别:低PIU组(26.97%/36.07%)、中PIU组(41.95%/39.96%)、高PIU组(31.08%/23.97%)。本科护生PIU整体呈缓解趋势,但13.54%护生仍维持高PIU,命名为高PIU持续组;4.44%、1.89%护生由低PIU转变为中PIU、高PIU,8.55%护生由中PIU转变为高PIU,命名为PIU进展组。进展组(OR=2.73,95%CI:1.62~4.26)及高PIU持续组(OR=3.80,95%CI:2.25~6.12)与NSSI增加有关(均P<0.01)。结论本科护生PIU有3个潜在类别,各类别随时间推移发生转变且对NSSI有不同影响,护理教育者应重点关注保持高PIU组和转变为更高水平PIU组护生,提供相关干预以降低NSSI。展开更多
文摘CFD (computational fluid dynamics) is following the trend of CAD and FEA (finite element analysis) to undergraduate education especially with recent advances in commercial codes. It will soon take its place as an expected skill for new engineering graduates. CFD was added as a component to an experiment in a junior level fluid mechanics course. The objectives were to introduce CFD, as an analysis tool, to the students and to support the theoretical concepts of the course. The students were asked to complete an experimental two-dimensional study for a wing in a wind tunnel, to use CFD to simulate the flow, and to predict the aerodynamic lift using CFD as well as the experimentally obtained pressure distribution. In addition, they had to compare their results to published data for the studied wing. Details of the course, the wind tunnel test and the CFD simulations are presented. Samples from the students' work are used in the discussion. The lab activities were successfully completed by the students and the learning objectives were well addressed. One of the valuable outcomes from this lab was the opportunity for the students to integrate multiple fluid mechanics analysis tools and learn about the limits for each tool. CFD also enhanced the learning in the lab activities and increased students' interest in the subject.
文摘目的识别本科护生问题性网络使用(problematic internet use,PIU)转变模式,分析不同转变模式与非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)关联。方法便利抽样选取901名本科护生为研究对象,分别于2022年9月(T1)、2023年9月(T2),采用一般资料调查表、戴维斯在线认知量表和青少年NSSI评定问卷对其进行调查。潜在类别分析识别PIU类别,潜在转变分析探讨PIU转变模式,Logistic回归探索不同转变模式与NSSI关联。结果T1和T2时点护生PIU均有3个类别:低PIU组(26.97%/36.07%)、中PIU组(41.95%/39.96%)、高PIU组(31.08%/23.97%)。本科护生PIU整体呈缓解趋势,但13.54%护生仍维持高PIU,命名为高PIU持续组;4.44%、1.89%护生由低PIU转变为中PIU、高PIU,8.55%护生由中PIU转变为高PIU,命名为PIU进展组。进展组(OR=2.73,95%CI:1.62~4.26)及高PIU持续组(OR=3.80,95%CI:2.25~6.12)与NSSI增加有关(均P<0.01)。结论本科护生PIU有3个潜在类别,各类别随时间推移发生转变且对NSSI有不同影响,护理教育者应重点关注保持高PIU组和转变为更高水平PIU组护生,提供相关干预以降低NSSI。