Iodization of dietary salt is recommended to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. The kinetic study of dietary iodized salt proves to be of interest not only for the determination of the conditions of prod...Iodization of dietary salt is recommended to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. The kinetic study of dietary iodized salt proves to be of interest not only for the determination of the conditions of production of iodine, but also for a good knowledge of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the reaction. In this work, two salt brands were studied and one of them was used for the kinetic study. The kinetic study showed that the reaction proceeded slowly at a medium rate. Since the reaction admits a global order equal to 1, potassium iodide has no influence on this reaction rate. The concentration of iodate ions introduced in the dietary salt is a kinetic parameter that affects the reaction rate. Calculated rate constant was inversely proportional to time. The study has therefore determined experimentally kinetic parameters of the reaction between iodate and iodide ions.展开更多
Objective:To monitor iodized salt consumption and evaluate iodine deficiency status in 2014 in China.Materials and Methods:In 2014,a nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 31 provinces (in this study,provi...Objective:To monitor iodized salt consumption and evaluate iodine deficiency status in 2014 in China.Materials and Methods:In 2014,a nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 31 provinces (in this study,provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in China's Mainland were named as provinces).Probability proportional to size sampling method was adopted to recruit children ages 8-10 and pregnant women.47,467 children's and 18,994 pregnant women's urine samples were collected and 47,706 children's thyroid volumes were examined.Iodine content in salt was determined with 46,900 edible salt samples from children's households;urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was tested from children and pregnant women's urine samples;thyroid volume of children was assessed by ultrasound.Results:The national coverage rate of iodized salt and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 96.3％ and 91.5％,respectively.Median iodine content in iodized salt was 25.2 mg/kg.In 22 of 31 provinces,the provincial coverage rates of iodized salt were over 95％.And consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were more than 90％ in 21 provinces.In this study,the national median urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) of children in China was 197.9 μg/L.At the provincial level,MUIC of children in 19 provinces was 100-199 μg/L,which in 12 provinces was 200-299 μg/L.The national MUIC of pregnant women in 2014 was 154.6 μg/L,slightly higher than the lower limit of the WHO criteria for adequate (150-249 μg/L).At the provincial level,MUIC of pregnant women in 18 provinces was 100-149 μg/L,which in 13 provinces was 150-249 μg/L.The national prevalence of goiter among children in 2014 was 2.6％,of which only Shandong province (5.6％) exceeded the national standard (5％).Conclusions:In China,iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) has been eliminated since 2005.And in 2014,the IDD-free status still remained.展开更多
【目的】分析沿海地区实行食盐碘化(universal salt iodization,USI)前后甲状腺疾病临床病理资料,初步探讨添加碘盐与结节性甲状腺肿的关系。【方法】复查本地区USI前后各3年手术切除的甲状腺病检标本,双盲法按现行诊断标准确诊,分别统...【目的】分析沿海地区实行食盐碘化(universal salt iodization,USI)前后甲状腺疾病临床病理资料,初步探讨添加碘盐与结节性甲状腺肿的关系。【方法】复查本地区USI前后各3年手术切除的甲状腺病检标本,双盲法按现行诊断标准确诊,分别统计两个时间段内结节性甲状腺肿的百分比,患者年龄、性别、病灶部位,计算结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺腺瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状腺机能亢进的构成比。【结果】USI前后两时间段结节性甲状腺肿在甲状腺疾病中所占的百分比有显著性差异;患者平均年龄在USI前为39.97岁,USI后为47.04岁;其性别比例,女性>男性;发病部位以右侧为多,其次为左侧和双侧,峡部较少,其他部位罕见;在甲状腺疾病类型中以结节性甲状腺肿为多,其次为甲状腺腺瘤,结节性甲状腺肿中合并乳头状癌较多见,部分合并腺瘤样结节。【结论】沿海地区添加碘盐后,对防治碘缺乏病有显著成效;但随着碘摄入量增加,结节性甲状腺肿发患者数比例增高,部分病例合并乳头状癌,须引起重视。展开更多
文摘Iodization of dietary salt is recommended to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. The kinetic study of dietary iodized salt proves to be of interest not only for the determination of the conditions of production of iodine, but also for a good knowledge of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the reaction. In this work, two salt brands were studied and one of them was used for the kinetic study. The kinetic study showed that the reaction proceeded slowly at a medium rate. Since the reaction admits a global order equal to 1, potassium iodide has no influence on this reaction rate. The concentration of iodate ions introduced in the dietary salt is a kinetic parameter that affects the reaction rate. Calculated rate constant was inversely proportional to time. The study has therefore determined experimentally kinetic parameters of the reaction between iodate and iodide ions.
文摘Objective:To monitor iodized salt consumption and evaluate iodine deficiency status in 2014 in China.Materials and Methods:In 2014,a nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 31 provinces (in this study,provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in China's Mainland were named as provinces).Probability proportional to size sampling method was adopted to recruit children ages 8-10 and pregnant women.47,467 children's and 18,994 pregnant women's urine samples were collected and 47,706 children's thyroid volumes were examined.Iodine content in salt was determined with 46,900 edible salt samples from children's households;urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was tested from children and pregnant women's urine samples;thyroid volume of children was assessed by ultrasound.Results:The national coverage rate of iodized salt and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 96.3％ and 91.5％,respectively.Median iodine content in iodized salt was 25.2 mg/kg.In 22 of 31 provinces,the provincial coverage rates of iodized salt were over 95％.And consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were more than 90％ in 21 provinces.In this study,the national median urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) of children in China was 197.9 μg/L.At the provincial level,MUIC of children in 19 provinces was 100-199 μg/L,which in 12 provinces was 200-299 μg/L.The national MUIC of pregnant women in 2014 was 154.6 μg/L,slightly higher than the lower limit of the WHO criteria for adequate (150-249 μg/L).At the provincial level,MUIC of pregnant women in 18 provinces was 100-149 μg/L,which in 13 provinces was 150-249 μg/L.The national prevalence of goiter among children in 2014 was 2.6％,of which only Shandong province (5.6％) exceeded the national standard (5％).Conclusions:In China,iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) has been eliminated since 2005.And in 2014,the IDD-free status still remained.
文摘【目的】分析沿海地区实行食盐碘化(universal salt iodization,USI)前后甲状腺疾病临床病理资料,初步探讨添加碘盐与结节性甲状腺肿的关系。【方法】复查本地区USI前后各3年手术切除的甲状腺病检标本,双盲法按现行诊断标准确诊,分别统计两个时间段内结节性甲状腺肿的百分比,患者年龄、性别、病灶部位,计算结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺腺瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状腺机能亢进的构成比。【结果】USI前后两时间段结节性甲状腺肿在甲状腺疾病中所占的百分比有显著性差异;患者平均年龄在USI前为39.97岁,USI后为47.04岁;其性别比例,女性>男性;发病部位以右侧为多,其次为左侧和双侧,峡部较少,其他部位罕见;在甲状腺疾病类型中以结节性甲状腺肿为多,其次为甲状腺腺瘤,结节性甲状腺肿中合并乳头状癌较多见,部分合并腺瘤样结节。【结论】沿海地区添加碘盐后,对防治碘缺乏病有显著成效;但随着碘摄入量增加,结节性甲状腺肿发患者数比例增高,部分病例合并乳头状癌,须引起重视。
