Accessibility and Fairness of Public Service Facilities from the Perspective of Supply and Demand Coordination: A Case Study of Old Urban Area of Guangzhou City

The accessibility and fairness of public service facilities are important manifestations of the convenience and equality of urban public service resource allocation.Optimizing the layout of urban public service facilities is an inevitable requirement for promoting the construction of people centered cities.This paper takes the old urban area of Guangzhou as the research area,measures the accessibility of multiple types of public service facilities based on an improved two-step floating catchment method,and combines Palma Ratio and location quotient methods to explore the fairness of urban public service facilities from two dimensions:social equity and spatial equity,with supply and demand relationship analysis as the main line.Research has shown that:①there is a significant spatial difference in the accessibility of public service facilities in the old urban areas of Guangzhou,and the comprehensive accessibility is generally higher in the central and southeastern regions of the old urban areas with fewer residential populations;②from the perspective of social equity,the resource allocation of public service facilities in the old urban areas of Guangzhou is in a seriously unfair state(with a fairness index of 2.99),and there are also varying degrees of unfairness within the streets;③from the perspective of spatial equity,the location quotient of public service facilities in the old urban areas of Guangzhou shows a pattern of multil center circles decreasing,indicating a significant spatial mismatch between the accessibility supply side of public service facilities and the demand side of the residential population.The research conclusion will provide scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of urban public service facilities and ensuring the equalization of public services.

Policy Needs for Social Security in the Process of Citizenization of the Peri-urban Farmers:A Case Study of Hefei City

We conduct a survey of transformational towns and villages in High-tech Development District, Yaohai District and Shushan District, Hefei City. Using data, we analyze the "sideline effect" and inherent contradiction of transformational cities, research the policy needs for social security and its trend in the citizenization process of the peri-urban farmers. On this basis, we construct the social security policy system that can adapt to the accelerated process of urbanization. Finally, we put forth the following recommendations for the social security policy in the citizenization process of the peri-urban farmers: distinguishing different groups' policy needs for social security; attaching importance to people's dynamic policy needs for social security in urbanization; focusing on the adaptability of social security policy transformation in urbanization; attaching importance to the social psychosocial environment of social security policy transformation in urbanization; achieving the trinity of non-farm conversion, urbanization and citizenization in the process of urbanization; strengthening the government's dominant position in the building of social security policy system.

Development of a GIS Based Public Transport Composite Social Need Index in Jeddah

Provision of public transport is critical for all social groups with high need. The provision of effective public transport system in Jeddah is at the top priorities of the national, regional and local plans. This paper attempts to develop a public transport composite social need index in Jeddah using GIS. Population density, car ownership, family size and income level indicators were considered for identifying the social need in Jeddah. Results indicate that Jeddah is in high social need for public transport and the provision of an efficient public transport is crucial for the city. The composite social need index has shown both dispersed and clustered patterns of high need for public transport in Jeddah. The results of this study facilitate the identification of the high social need for public transport in Jeddah. Further studies are highly recommended to include other social need indictors in Jeddah city.

Public Sentiment Analysis of Social Security Emergencies Based on Feature Fusion Model of BERT and TextLevelGCN

At present, the emotion classification method of Weibo public opinions based on graph neural network cannot solve the polysemy problem well, and the scale of global graph with fixed weight is too large. This paper proposes a feature fusion network model Bert-TextLevelGCN based on BERT pre-training and improved TextGCN. On the one hand, Bert is introduced to obtain the initial vector input of graph neural network containing rich semantic features. On the other hand, the global graph connection window of traditional TextGCN is reduced to the text level, and the message propagation mechanism of global sharing is applied. Finally, the output vector of BERT and TextLevelGCN is fused by interpolation update method, and a more robust mapping of positive and negative sentiment classification of public opinion text of “Tangshan Barbecue Restaurant beating people” is obtained. In the context of the national anti-gang campaign, it is of great significance to accurately and efficiently analyze the emotional characteristics of public opinion in sudden social violence events with bad social impact, which is of great significance to improve the government’s public opinion warning and response ability to public opinion in sudden social security events. .

Outsourcing the Unsigncryption of Compact Attribute-Based Signcryption for General Circuits

In the driven of big data, social computing and information security is undergoing rapid development and beginning to cross. This paper describes a key-policy attribute-based signcryption scheme which has less computation costs than existing similar schemes by utilizing secure outsourcing of scientific computation in cloud computing and eliminates overhead for users, the ciphertext is short, compact, the correctness of transformation algorithm is verifiable. The decrease of ciphertext is 17 %. Additionally, new scheme remits the key escrow problem and is proven selective security in the standard model, it could be verified publicly, applied in mobile devices.

Building a New Countryside: a Long-term Task in China's Modernization Drive

This article discusses the achievements and major changes in China's rural development, elaborates on the prominent problems related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China, and discusses some key policy issues concerning the building of a new socialist countryside, especially from the perspective of balancing urban and rural development. The underlying viewpoint of this article is that to promote the building of a new countryside, a system and mechanism of balancing urban and rural development must be gradually established and improved. The policies should focus on improving the social mobility mechanism to remove the institutional barriers to the social mobility of farmers; establishing public finances to cover both urban and rural areas to narrow the gap in basic public service provision between cities and the countryside; expediting the establishment of a social security network to protect the interests of rural disadvantaged groups; improving the mechanism of protecting land-use rights and interests of farmers; effectively organizing the mechanism of ensuring allocations for the building of a new countryside; improving the organizational structure of rural society to support self-organized farmers' groups; and changing the concept of rural governance and the operation of social governance.

基于SNA的城市周边乡村公共空间精准优化研究——以白鹿原地区车村为例

针对城市周边乡村公共空间布局形态与村民需求不匹配的现状,提出“两模型三层级”的乡村公共空间精准优化方法。以西安周边乡村-车村为研究对象,运用社会网络分析法(SNA)构建车村公共空间双层网络模型,即:物质网络模型与村民行为网络模型(两模型)。从“聚落-片区-单点”3个层级(三层级)设计衡量公共空间网络结构特征的相关指标,并通过双层网络模型指标的对比分析,精准定位车村公共空间需要优化提升的要素。最后,基于“社会-空间”互动逻辑,以空间布局形态与村民需求匹配为导向,从聚落布局优化、片区派系完善、单点品质提升三方面提出精准优化策略。

数字政府的创新:社保经办数字化转型的困境与对策

数字化转型是公共服务高质量发展的核心路径,当前政府制定了关于数字化公共服务建设的战略部署。社保经办服务作为公共服务的重要环节,其数字化转型体现了我国政府的现代化建设水平。基于市级人力资源和社会保障局的视角,分析了社保经办服务的数字化转型面临的管理、服务、数据质量等问题,并从政务数字化转型的历史阶段中分析了社保经办的改革经验和成效,探索了群众和社保局对于数字化转型的需求,提出了创新数字化转型模式的主体协同机制、动力激励机制、资源调动机制。基于创新机制从管理、服务、数据质量方面提出了数字化转型的优化路径。

现代化视角下新质公安战斗力的实践路径

社会治理现代化与公安工作现代化均是中国式现代化的重要组成部分,也是实现国家治理现代化的重要保障。新质公安战斗力实践可以直接提升公安机关参与社会治理的综合能力,同时也直接反映公安工作的现代化水平。加快形成和提升新质公安战斗力,需要客观认识当前公安战斗力的现状,理性分析社会治理现代化与公安工作现代化对于公安战斗力提出的新要求,从而提出加快形成和提升新质公安战斗力的实践路径。公安机关应通过聚焦思想政治能力、社会治理能力、队伍建设能力及创新发展能力等四个维度来寻求实践路径。

基于社会总体偏差和同伴效应修正的海洋生态修复偏好研究

公众参与海洋生态修复对我国海洋环境保护与生态安全具有重要意义。利用单边界二分式引导技术评估青岛市居民海洋生态修复偏好,并从内疚和抵抗心理两方面就社会总体偏差与同伴效应对修复偏好的影响机理进行分析,为政府激发公众参与海洋生态修复的积极性提供理论依据与技术指导。结果表明:(1)青岛市居民平均每年愿意为海洋生态修复捐赠184.386元,考虑属性重要程度结果表明生物数量的改善可显著提高公众海洋生态修复支付意愿,而公众对改善海水水质和海岸环境并未表现出显著差异性偏好。(2)社会总体偏差和同伴效应均对公众海洋生态修复支付意愿表现出显著正向影响。(3)社会总体偏差和同伴效应可通过激发受访者的内疚感提高生态修复支付意愿,但也会导致抵抗心理抑制参与积极性;主观规范正向调节社会总体偏差和同伴效应对支付意愿的影响。研究揭示了公众在海洋生态修复中的偏好和竞争性心理对陈述偏好的影响,可为促进公众参与海洋生态修复和提高海洋环境资源价值评估准确性提供参考。

社会保障的与时俱进:理念、范式和政策工具

在更高的发展阶段上,面对科技创新和制度创新的新环境,中国社会保障制度面临的挑战和应有的出路可以概括如下。首先,传统的受益人识别机制越来越难以为继,这种识别的必要性也日益降低,要求制度体系转向更加普惠和普世。其次,尽力而为和量力而行原则既体现统一性,也体现动态性,两者并非匀质和静止的关系。在中国所处发展阶段上,政府社会性支出的增长应该速度更快、幅度更大。再次,顺应公共品边界随着人均收入提高而扩展的一般规律,以全体居民全生命周期为对象的基本公共服务供给体系的完善,要求对现有社会保险、社会救助和社会福利服务等各项制度进行整合。最后,在改变理念和范式的前提下,中国式福利国家建设需要通过改革清除制度性障碍。

训词精神:新时代公安机关社会治理创新的价值遵循

习近平总书记重要训词精神为公安机关社会治理工作提供了根本价值遵循。习近平总书记重要训词精神从党的领导、人民期待、执法文化以及队伍建设等方面为公安机关社会治理工作创新提供理论指导。通过理论联系实际开创公安机关社会治理工作新局面,通过客观认知科技发展环境助力社会治理方法升级,通过制度保障实现资源合理分配,全面构建现代社会治理体系,打造多元公安机关社会治理工作新格局。

山地城市老旧社区公共空间老年人社交活动特征与可持续更新思路:基于社会网络分析

在人民城市理念背景下,针对山地城市人口老龄化趋势与老旧社区公共空间适老化更新的现实困境,需要更加长期、动态、准确地理解社区老人的社交需求与活动特征,进而结合地方自然、经济和人文特征,提出长效的可持续更新思路。运用社会网络理论和方法,选取山地城市老旧社区特征显著且老龄化严重的重庆市渝中区凉亭子社区为研究区域,以居住在该社区的老年人为研究对象,通过长期实地观察、访谈和对调研数据的分析,厘清各类社群关系下老年人的活动空间分布及活动类型特征,剖析老年社群—社交空间—社交活动的整体关系,进而明确社区公共空间适老化更新的问题与目标,提出因地制宜的可持续社区更新思路。对于突破山地城市老旧社区适老化更新的社区资产认知、持续改善和提升社区公共空间品质、整体构建和谐的社区社群关系具有参考意义。

以社区微花园绿色微更新为起点,助力北京花园城市建设

随着北京的城市更新进入转型提质新阶段,习近平总书记作出北京花园城市建设重要指示。当前,市民对绿色开放空间的要求越来越综合化和多元化,提升人民群众的获得感和幸福感成为重中之重。北京自古以来拥有丰富的园林文化资源,城园共生的传统营城和现代城市绿色网络发展奠定了花园城市的基础格局。面对北京花园城市建设的机遇和挑战,需要以“点-线-面”三维体系构建以社区微花园为起点的花园城市建设格局。通过社区微花园对于北京花园城市建设的意义及“1+N+∞”的微更新模式研究,探索可复制的微花园绿色更新模式,助力花园城市建设。通过社区微花园的“挖潜提质-网络构建-永续发展”三大阶段,提出以微花园为媒介的社会需求治理、社会文化治理、层级化治理、社会活力治理、制度治理的“五位一体”治理策略,从而全面推动以社区微花园为起点的北京花园城市环境、内涵及格局的治理。

基于社会−技术系统的城市管道燃气安全治理分析

为了系统、科学、协同开展城市安全治理,增强城市发展韧性,基于社会-技术系统理论视角,采取个案分析方法,构建相应的分析模型,对当前中国城市面临突出的管道燃气安全问题及其严重影响进行分析。结果显示:该领域(系统)安全生产尚处于初级阶段,事故频发尚为冰山一角,问题相当突出。究其原因,从社会系统角度看,既有历史遗留问题,也有城镇化加速发展、投入欠缺、安全文化氛围不浓厚等因素,还面临安全技术基础薄弱等严峻的现实挑战。结论认为:全社会应该坚持统筹发展与安全的“有机系统”思想,在基本理念、安全监管、法规制度、技术改造、安全投入、社会文化等方面多管齐下,推进全国上下同步反思、同步改革,尤其要在顶层设计、具体监管和技术创新三个层面强化科学的系统治理。

新质公安战斗力:公安机关社会治安治理的实践创新——以电信网络诈骗犯罪治理为视角

进入新时代,科技创新不断推进生产力发展,符合高质量发展要求的新质生产力应运而生,反映出生产力的质变。新质生产力的发展使社会治安领域出现了新常态,而社会治安新常态又带来了新的社会治安治理需求,具体表现在安全新需求、效率新需求、秩序新需求以及伦理新需求等方面。为了满足社会治安治理的新需求,公安机关应积极创新,以新能力、新模式、新关系、新措施以及新融合来助力形成新质公安战斗力,推进公安工作现代化,为实现中国式现代化贡献公安力量.

城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿和能力研究——以西安城市居民为例

依据2022年针对西安城市居民的相关调查,采用相关分析和回归分析探讨城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿与能力的影响因素,将参与认知作为其中的中介变量,并从中探求加强城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿和能力的路径。结果表明:内部因素和外部因素对城市公共安全治理中公民参与意愿与能力同样具有影响;参与认知在内外部因素影响公民参与意愿与能力的路径中起到部分中介作用。

本质安全视域下健全平安建设长效机制的思考——以H省为研究样本

本质安全作为一种高层次的安全管理理念,强调从源头防范化解系统性风险和预防事故的发生。H省自2021年9月践行本质安全理念以来,持续致力于健全平安建设长效机制,坚持控增量、减存量、防变量的原则,在“预”字上下足功夫,在“防”字上做好文章,全力以赴打击犯罪,积极化解积案和矛盾纠纷,开展了一系列有益探索。结合多地实践来看,平安建设的长效机制构建还存在一些问题。对此,基于本质安全视角客观审视这些问题,建议从强化社会治理共同体、创新公共安全体制机制、完善社会治安防控体系、筑牢舆情风险立体化防控体系、健全应急管理体系等方面着手促进长效机制建设,为平安建设更高水平、可持续发展打造坚实的支撑。

国家城市群发展战略背景下成渝公共图书馆异构业务系统互通实践

以成渝城市群公共图书馆业务系统互通实践为例,探索在我国现行的“一级政府建设并管理一个图书馆”的基本格局下,面对“行政分管、系统异构、规则不通”的现实难题,打通跨省域城市群公共图书馆系统、文献通借通还的系统框架设计及技术实现的路径。通过创新应用社保卡(电子社保卡)、RFID终端识别技术,结合中台思想,搭建“社保卡信息中转平台”“图书通借通还RFID中转平台”,跨省域实现城市群公共图书馆异构业务系统“读者互认”“图书互借”功能,避免了异地、异构业务系统“硬对接”带来的复杂性、高投入风险,可降低技术实施门槛、缩短应用开发周期、节约财政经费投入,是西部地区首创以社保卡(电子社保卡)为主要服务载体,跨省域实现多源异构业务系统互联的实例。相关的软件平台、技术解决方案能够为国内城市群公共图书馆系统互通提供借鉴,将有助于加快推动跨省域城市群公共图书馆一体化建设的进程。

社会支出视阈下我国财政社会保障支出规模的重估

随着共同富裕战略的提出,我国财政社会保障支出规模受到了学界的广泛关注,但其支出范围依然存在争议。本文拟讨论我国财政社会保障支出的边界及现状。本文首先讨论的是我国财政收支分类改革中的社会保障和就业支出科目;其次,基于我国现行的社会保障制度体系确定我国公共财政支出中社会保障支出项目;再次,在与国际公共社会支出范围的比较中确定我国公共社会支出的边界;最后,基于2007—2021年我国一般公共预算支出数据重新评估我国的公共社会支出现状。研究发现,第一,当前我国的公共社会支出范围是由政府部门具体职能活动主导的,呈现频繁变动的特征;第二,与国际公共社会支出相比,我国公共社会支出整体偏低,但增速较快;第三,我国公共社会支出呈现以人民为中心的实践特征。