An Information Content and Set of Common Superconcepts-Based Algorithm to Estimate Similarity between Concepts of Ontologies

Ontologies have been used for several years in life sciences to formally represent concepts and reason about knowledge bases in domains such as the semantic web, information retrieval and artificial intelligence. The exploration of these domains for the correspondence of semantic content requires calculation of the measure of semantic similarity between concepts. Semantic similarity is a measure on a set of documents, based on the similarity of their meanings, which refers to the similarity between two concepts belonging to one or more ontologies. The similarity between concepts is also a quantitative measure of information, calculated based on the properties of concepts and their relationships. This study proposes a method for finding similarity between concepts in two different ontologies based on feature, information content and structure. More specifically, this means proposing a hybrid method using two existing measures to find the similarity between two concepts from different ontologies based on information content and the set of common superconcepts, which represents the set of common parent concepts. We simulated our method on datasets. The results show that our measure provides similarity values that are better than those reported in the literature.

New Concept of Digital Structuring Landscape of the Island Systems of the Vladivostok City District

A new concept of digital vector-layer structuring of landscape space at the local level (on a scale of 1:25,000) is considered on the example of Russian island and adjacent island systems of the Vladivostok urban district. Synthesis, analysis and evaluation of the internal and external content of landscape systems are carried out and altitude complexes of tracts are identified, in each of which altitudes are distinguished. It is noted that one of the main criteria for identifying high-altitude complexes and levels is the high-altitude criterion and the quantitative and qualitative changes in their internal content, taking into account the state of erosion-denudation lowland and mountain landscape systems formed under the influence of the Earth’s real material-energy flows and first of all gravitational energy. According to these criteria, landscape areas are classified and vertex, saddle, upper slope, middle slope and other altitude complexes of tracts are distinguished in each of which altitude levels are distinguished. Structuring and classification proposed to the reader are presented for further study of structures as objects of industry-specific indication and possibilities of using high-landscape complexes as development areas. Noted, as well as the fact that the study was conducted for the first time and is aimed at the practical implementation of the landscape approach in the development of landscape systems, defines the relevance of the work performed.

Multi-Layer and Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Supporting Structure of Large-Scale Spherical Solar Concentrator for the Space Solar Power Station

Space solar power station is a novel renewable energy equipment in space to provide the earth with abundant and continuous power.The Orb-shaped Membrane Energy Gathering Array,one of the alternative construction schemes in China,is promising for collecting space sunlight with a large-scale spherical concentrator.Both the structural and optical performances such as root mean square deformation,natural frequency,system mass,and sunlight blocking rate have significant influences on the system property of the concentrator.Considering the comprehensive performance of structure and optic,this paper proposes a novel mesh grid based on normal polyhedron projection and spherical arc bisection for the supporting structure to deal with the challenge of the large-scale structural modular design.For both achieving low system mass and high surface precision,a multilayer and multi-objective optimization model is proposed by classifying the supporting structure into different categories and optimizing their internal and external diameters.The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is adopted to find optimal sectional dimensions of the different kinds of supporting structure.The infinite model is also established and structural analysis is carried out,which are expected to provide a certain reference for the subsequent detailed structural design.The numerical results indicate that the spherical concentrator designed by the novel mesh grid would obtain as high as 94.37%sunlight collection efficiency.The supporting structure constructed with the multiple layers would reduce the system quality by 6.92%,sunlight blocking rate by 28.54%,maximum deformation by 41.50%,and root mean square by 9.48%to the traditional single layer,respectively.

Equivalent Bar Conceptions for Computer Analysis of Pantographic Foldable Structures

An equivalent bar conception is firstly developed for the computer analysis of pantographic foldable structures. The uniplet of two three node beam elements is assumed as a six bar assembly with respect to least norm least square solution for the elastic strain energy equality. The equilibrium equation is developed for the equivalent models, and the internal forces formulated sequently for backup calculation. This procedure is proved practical for some engineering, and some interesting concepts proposed. Finally, three numerical tests are presented.

The Whole Pre-stressing Reinforcement Technology Directed by Conception Reinforcement and the Prospect of Engineering Application

The paper puts forward a new thinking and thought in engineering structural reinforcement-“conception reinforcement”. The “conception reinforcement”means using the human being’s thinking and judgment, deciding the fundamental question and principle of engineering structural reinforcement in macrocosm. It expounds the whole prestressing reinforcement technology owing to the direction of conception reinforcement thought, and introduces the prospect of engineering application.

A Brand New Start:New Educational Concept of English Teaching

Teachers have to show solicitude for the mood of students and stimulate their interest of learning.Therefore,application of " New Educational Concept" and "Optimizing Teaching Structure" is badly needed.This thesis aims to arouse the English teaching staff's regard of New Educational Concept,so as to improve their teaching level through expatiation of how to apply New Curriculum Standards into English teaching.

THE EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE TOURISM RESOURCES IN JILIN PROVINCE

This paper comprehensively evaluates and analyzes the tourism resources in Jilin Province, China. And it consists of three parts. The first two parts are on the resources evaluation and analysis. Based on the results of evaluation about the structural and spatial distribution of the tourism resources, it is found that, the natural resources play fundamental roles in Jilin, while the human and cultural resources are important complementary parts as well. In the spatial distribution analysis, the resources show the characteristic of "six clusters"and "three belts"spatial relations. Four clusters are centered on the cities, which are Changchun, Jilin, Baicheng, Tonghua and Ji′an; one cluster is around the Changbai Moutains and one cluster nears the frontier at Tumen between China, Russia and P.D. R. Korea. And the three belts are: 1) The west belt. It contains Xianghai and Momoge natural protection region. The evident of this zone is its ecological and ethical tourism resources. 2)The middle belt characterized by urban traveling and recreation, including Jilin and Changchun, together with their nearby Nong′an and Siping. 3) The last belt is also the most important one, which is the east zone. It covers the Changbai Mountains, the golden triangles of Tonghua and the Tumen River. This zone is remarkable for its abundant natural landscapes and unique folk customs. In the last part the concept planning is briefly constructed for the tourism resources in Jilin Province according to the above evaluation and analysis.

New Concept of Digital Structuring Landscape Space of Mountain Territories Landscape Sphere

For the first time, a new concept of digital structuring of landscape space of mountainous territories is considered. It is proposed to carry out structuring and classification of landscape systems, with the distribution of high-altitude landscape complexes. When finding the boundaries of these complexes, the high-altitude selection criterion prevailed, as well as quantitative and qualitative changes in their internal content. According to these criteria, it is possible to distinguish between plain, low-slope, low-mountain, dissected-middle-mountain, massive-medium-mountain, altitude-landscape complexes. Structuring and classification are presented for further study of structures as objects of industry indications and possibilities of using high-growing complexes as development areas.

Analysis of a New Composite Material for Watercraft Manufacturing

In this paper, we investigate the properties of an alternative material for use in marine engineering, namely a rigid and light sandwich-structured composite made of expanded polystyrene and fiberglass. Not only does this material have an improved section modulus, but it is also inexpensive, light, easy to manipulate, and commercially available in various sizes. Using a computer program based on the finite element method, we calculated the hogging and sagging stresses and strains acting on a prismatic boat model composed of this material, and determined the minimum sizes and maximum permissible stresses to avoid deformation. Finally, we calculated the structural weight of the resulting vessel for comparison with another structure of comparable dimensions constructed from the commonly used core material Divinycell.

CAE Characterization and Optimization of Automotive Seat Rattle Noise

The vehicle seat rattles or, in general, BSR (buzz, squeak, and rattle) noises are one of the major issues, which are directly linked to the NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) quality of the vehicle. Predicting and improving the seat BSR noise in early design phase is still challenging. This is mainly due to the complexity, nonlinearity and uncertainty of the impact mechanism at joints contributed to the rattle. Here, it is shown that there is a strong link between the seat structural dynamics and the seat rattle noise so that the seat rattle noise can be predicted and controlled from the seat structural analysis in early design phase. Accordingly, two experiments are designed for this study. The first experiment is set up to characterize the seat resonant frequencies and its corresponding structural mode-shapes. The second experiment is designed to measure the seat-radiated noise when it goes under vibration excitation. Alternatively, a concept CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) model of the seat is developed and the seat structural dynamics is characterized by using this analytical model. The model is developed to allow designing the seat-structure modifications as well as examining the effects of the modifications on the rattle noise. Comparisons of the results of the simulation and experiment validate the developed CAE model. The results confirm that by changing the seat resonant frequency, the rattle noise and in general BSR noise can be improved or controlled accordingly. Consequently, for the seat system which has an identifiable structural dynamics, the BSR noise can be managed and controlled in early design phase by using the seat CAE model.

Educational Method for Developing Assessment Skills of Nursing Students

This study aimed to verify the effects of a new instructional method to structure knowledge. The research hypothesis was that “Structured knowledge improves assessment skills of students”. Fifty-five second-year undergraduate students volunteered to participate in this study. They were randomized into either a group that received instructional intervention (n = 19;intervention) or a group that did not (n = 36;non-intervention). A survey and instructional intervention comprised pre-tests, individual instructional intervention, participant self-studies and post-tests. The students attempted one pre- and one post-test task, each comprising concept map drawing and assessment of actual patients with diabetes. Participants who received educational intervention described concept maps regarding the pathophysiology and nursing of diseases, and we taught a learning strategy to understand relationships between concepts and the assumption of clinical assessment. The results of the concept map drawing task showed that post-test structural knowledge scores were significantly higher for the intervention, than the non-intervention group (p p p < 0.01). The educational intervention in this study seemed to augment the ability to identify nursing problems, although we did not teach assessment strategies. The intervention seemed to confer structured knowledge with explicit conditions for applicability. Structured knowledge with explicit conditions and learning how to use knowledge to assess patients before a clinical practicum seemed to augment assessment skills.

经管类文献综述写作的“新概念-立体结构”法

文献综述是经管类学术论文的重要组成部分。如何才能写出高质量的文献综述是非常值得关注的问题。概括相关的研究,一般遵循文献综述写作的平面分类模式,其抓住了对文献进行分类的要求,但也存在分类评价标准、研究内容、表达形式三方面不足。为了弥补不足,提出了文献综述写作的“新概念-立体结构”法。该方法的主要特征是:(1)指出清晰明确的文献分类评价标准,即文献内容的组间差异极大化、组内差异极小化标准;(2)鼓励不断利用抽象、归纳、概括能力,形成具有导向意义的新概念;(3)要求建构不同概念之间的多层级空间立体结构,形成抽象等级不同的、纵向的、整体性的观点脉络。“新概念-立体结构”方法既能从整体上解决文献综述的写作问题,也能为创新性研究提供更加可靠的基础。

网络金融犯罪预警系统结构及优化研究——基于信息生态视角

[研究目的]网络金融犯罪预警系统是实现网络金融犯罪数字化治理的重要工具,但目前在预警体系构建、信息及技术共享、制度供给等方面尚存在诸多不足。将信息生态理论应用于网络金融犯罪预警系统研究中,可基于系统观、互动观、人本观和平衡观对网络金融犯罪预警系统结构进行全面分析和观察,为理清系统优化路径、推动系统健康可持续运行提供理论和实践指导。[研究方法]结合信息生态理论,系统梳理和分析网络金融犯罪预警系统构成要素的内涵、作用和关联关系,明确网络金融犯罪预警系统的形态和动态结构,在此基础上构建网络金融犯罪预警系统结构模型,并结合现实困境提出若干有针对性的优化对策建议。[研究结论]分析得出网络金融犯罪预警系统是由人员层、数据层和环境层通过建立依存与影响、补充与抑制、支持与促进的两两交织关系而形成的动态信息系统,且人员层存在链带、迭升和子集关系,数据层存在同源、遗传变异、离易和重生关系。系统可通过优化预警和组织体系、推动多链式区块链技术创新应用和完善信息共享机制、相关法律法规及绩效考评制度等路径实现健康可持续运行。

属性偏序形式结构的数学形式化

属性偏序形式结构,作为一种基于人类认知原理和粒计算思想的知识发现和知识表示新理论,目前已有广泛的应用,但其理论基础缺乏抽象化数学化,这势必影响该理论的系统发展。针对上述问题,研究了属性偏序形式结构的数学形式化描述问题。首先,基于粒计算的思想提出了知识表示的形式化框架。在此基础上,通过定义对象集合的覆盖和最简覆盖,给出属性偏序形式结构的粒和粒群的概念,进而通过对粒衍生出粒群的充要条件的讨论,给出了属性偏序形式结构中的知识结构,从而完成属性偏序形式结构的数学形式化描述。最后,通过具体实例展示了利用数学形式化描述构造属性偏序形式结构的过程,并揭示了该过程所体现的人类认知规律。

指向人的内在品质刻画的计算思维框架构建

计算思维作为培养目标,应该指向人的内在品质。为此,文章借鉴胡塞尔认识论思想,在认识发生的视野中分析人的构造过程,形成“它—我”结构,即“知识—素养”结构,以此解释概念与观念的根本相关性。借鉴皮亚杰两个范畴说说明概念与观念的关联是在思维过程中实现的,借鉴布伦南计算思维的框架结构及布鲁姆认知目标分类理论中关于应用的强调,最终给出结构与应用兼备的指向人的内在品质的包括概念(基本概念、核心概念、大概念)、思维(关联、抽象、系统化)、观念(局部、聚合、全局)的计算思维框架。