Visual processing of word and image in the fusiform gyrus

BACKGROUND： The role of the left midfusiform gyrus as a target for visual word processing has been a topic of discussion. Numerous studies have utilized alphabetic writing for subject matter. However, few have addressed visual processing of Chinese characters in the left midfusiform gyrus. OBJECTIVE： To verify visual processing of Chinese characters and images in the left midfusiform gyrus using functional magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A blocked design paradigm study. Experiments were performed at the Room of Magnetic Resonance, Guangdong Provincial Second People＇s Hospital, China from May to June 2009. PARTICIPANTS： A total of eight undergraduate students were recruited from Guangzhou University of China, comprising two females and six males, aged 20-23 years. The subjects were right-handed which was determined by a Chinese standard questionnaire. None of the subjects had a history of psychoneurosis, familial disease, color blindness, or color weakness. METHODS： A total of eight undergraduates were enrolled as subjects. Picture-naming and verb generation tasks were employed through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Analysis of Functional Neurolmages software was used to process the data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Visual processing of Chinese characters and images in the left midfusiform gyrus was measured. RESULTS： Picture-naming and verb generation tasks were shown to significantly activate the bilateral midfusiform gyrus. Activation occurred in the visual word form area of the left midfusiform gyrus. CONCLUSION： The left midfusiform gyrus plays a general role in visual processing of Chinese characters and images.

An Analysis of Christian Thoughts of The Grapes of Wrath by Comparing the Images in Exodus

The Bible has incomparable effect in the western culture.Almost every aspect of the works of literature was affected by Christian such as the thoughts,theme,skills and structure.What’s more,the author’s view of literature,art and value were deeply affected by the Bible stories.Actually The Grapes of Wrath was a novel full of religious color.Analyzing the character prototype,the structure,the symbolic meaning of the"Grape"and the Christian spirits of The Grapes of Wrath by comparing with Exodus.It was useful for us to have a better understanding of religious effect on the works of literature.It will help us study the connotative religious thoughts of the other literature works.

On the Quadruple Qualities of Marxist Thought on Human Rights

Marxist human rights thought has realized an epochmaking change in human rights thought and has distinguished itself from capitalist human rights thought with its distinctive character.Marxist human rights thought has a humanistic character,starts from human nature and its essence,regards human rights as an important means to realize the all-round development of human beings and the fundamental proof of human liberation.Marxist human rights thought is characterized by being people-centered,and expresses the desire of the masses,with the proletariat as the main body,to realize a better life through the guarantee of human rights.Marxist human rights thought has a practical character,is based on practical materialism,advocates that human rights are derived from the social practice and promotes social practice toward civilization and progress.Marxist human rights thought has the character of rule of law,guides legal governance to the rule of good law,and lays the guarantee fot human rights on the foundation of substantive rule of law.

Thoughts about Plant Landscape Forms of Urban Gardens

Landscape presents nature to us in another way through artificial transformation. At the same time of rapid development,cities should attach great importance to setting of urban green landscape. Plant landscape of urban gardens is an essential part of urban green landscape. To study plant landscape of urban gardens,it is necessary to find out growth habits and characteristics of plants,and ornamental benefits of plants. Different plants can be combined together to produce different space forms and generate different aesthetic effects. Through enriching plant landscape forms of urban gardens,it is feasible to increase the interest of urban landscape.

TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE SINGULAR POINTS OF THE THIRD ORDER PHASE LOCKED LOOP EQUATIONS WITH THE CHARACTER OF DETECTED PHASE BEING g(φ)=(1+k)sinφ/(1+kcosφ)

In this paper, we study the topological structure of the singular points of the third order phase locked loop equations with the character of detected phase being g(?) =(1+k)sin?/1+kcos?.

A Brief Analysis of Robison Crusoe’s Survival Method on the Island

There are three problems in human survival:ideological problem,material problem and spiritual problem.What exactlydoes it take to solve these three problems?Robinson did solve them well in the process of survival on the desert island,and his wayof survival gave us a good reference in real life.By analyzing the ideological activities and practical actions of the protagonist in thisnovel from these three angles,we can extract some excellent qualities of Robinson,which are necessary for some impetuous groupsin real life and can enhance their consciousness of happy life.

THE SPECIFIC CHARACTER OF LIMIT ERRORS IN CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Close_range photogrammetry is to determine the shape and size of the object,instead of it’s absolute position.Therefore,at first,any translation and rotation of the photogrammetric model of the object caused by whole geodesic,photographic and photogrammetric procedures in close_range photogrammetry could not be considered.However,it is necessary to analyze all the reasons which cause the deformations of the shape and size and to present their corresponding theories and equations.This situation,of course,is very different from the conventional topophotogrammetry.In this paper some specific characters of limit errors in close_range photogrammerty are presented in detail,including limit errors for calibration of interior elements for close_range cameras,the limit errors of relative and absolute orientations in close_range photogrammetric procedures,and the limit errors of control works in close_range photogrammetry.A theoretical equation of calibration accuracy for close_range camerais given.Relating to the three examples in this paper,their theoretical accuracy requirement of interior elements of camera change in the scope of ±(0.005～0.350) mm.This discussion permits us to reduce accuracy requirement in calibration for an object with small relief,but the camera platform is located in violent vibration environment.Another theoretical equation of relative RMS of base lines ( m S/S ) and the equation RMS of start direction are also presented.It is proved that the m S/S could be equal to the relative RMS of m Δ X / Δ X .It is also proved that the permitting RMS of start direction is much bigger than the traditionally used one.Some useful equations of limit errors in close_range photogrammetry are presented as well.Suggestions mentioned above are perhaps beneficial for increasing efficiency,for reducing production cost.

Creating a New Form of Rule of Law Civilization:A Historical Narrative of the Communist Party of China

The modernization path of the Chinese rule of law reflects the glorious process of the Communist Party of China(CPC)’s continuous exploration of the rule of law development.It has created a new form of rule of law civilization for humanity,one that has not only profoundly changed China but is also deeply influencing the world historical process.Under the leadership of the CPC,the Chinese people have achieved the innovation of legal mechanisms,text,and discourse in their century-long endeavor for the rule of law.This highlights the distinctive features of the Chinese rule of law civilization.The innovation of legal mechanisms is the foundation of the modernization of the Chinese rule of law,indicating that through the Party’s century-long endeavor for the rule of law,a legal leadership mechanism has been formed,in which the Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all sides;the innovation of legal text is the manifestation of modernization of the Chinese rule of law,indicating that through the Party’s century-long endeavor for the rule of law,the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics is gradually moving toward a new stage of codification in which the promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China is a milestone;and the innovation of legal discourse is the core of modernization of the Chinese rule of law,indicating that through the Party’s century-long endeavor for the rule of law,the continuous refinement of the Chinese legal discourse system is playing a key role in providing theoretical support and legal reasoning.

习近平文化思想的哲学阐释

习近平文化思想是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分,是新时代中国共产党领导文化建设实践经验的理论概括和科学总结。习近平文化思想深刻体现了新时代中国共产党人文化主体性的守正创新,以“两个结合”为深厚底蕴,坚持民族性与世界性相融通,将“魂脉”与“根脉”相结合,在认识论、历史观和辩证法层面实现了对马克思主义哲学的时代创新。习近平文化思想正面回应了西方文明的现代性困境,聚焦西方现代文明的自反性问题和价值异化倾向,提出构建人类命运共同体与创造人类文明新形态的科学论断。习近平文化思想坚持守正与创新相结合、坚持主体性与多样性相融汇、坚持理论与实践相贯通,在实践中深化了对中国特色社会主义文化建设规律的深刻认识,展现了习近平文化思想蕴含的哲学意蕴,必将在新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设中展现思想伟力,在担当新时代新的文化使命中彰显马克思主义的真理力量。

海峡两岸暨香港地区“古异今混”部件的分合现状研究

汉字的“古异今混”指古代形音义不同的汉字或构字部件,发展演变到现行汉字,成为形体相同的汉字或构字部件。考察对比《汉字字形对比字典》(香港中华书局出版)中海峡两岸暨香港地区三地的汉字字形,整理出“古异今混”部件12组:舌—、臼—楑、林—、夊—夂—攵、艹—卝、丰—丯—豐、匚—匸、壬—、冃—曰、另—叧—、月—?、曰—日,涉及400多字。逐一分析可知,对“古异今混”部件,内地依据历史传承和现实基础,大都合而为一;台湾地区则刻意区分,以维护字形的古今沿袭;香港地区大致与台湾地区一致,但把有历史传承和现实基础的合并部件作为可接纳字形,留有一定的弹性空间。三地“古异今混”部件的分合不一致形成的字形差异,虽然对阅读造成的障碍不大,但给基础教育阶段的汉字教学乃至世界各地的汉字教学,尤其是汉字信息处理带来不少问题。希望三地在微观字形问题上相向而行,最终实现真正的“书同文”。

论习近平文化思想的实践意蕴

开展社会主义先进文化建设,以繁荣发展的文化事业带动经济社会持续健康发展是推进中国式现代化建设的重要任务。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记高度重视社会主义先进文化建设,阐明了新时代文化建设的着力点,进一步指明了社会主义先进文化的前进方向,形成了习近平文化思想。准确把握习近平文化思想的实践品格,深入探究习近平文化思想的实践基础,进而深刻揭示习近平文化思想的实践意义,对于以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业具有重要意义。

语文是一门典型的人文课程——以朱光潜关于语文与思想关系的讨论为中心

在推进教育强国建设的今天,深入理解语文与思想的关系尤为重要,具体表现在三方面:语文与思想是同时发生、相互成就的统一体;语文的最高标准是“精确妥帖”,思想必须与语文同一,风格必须与人格同一,锤炼语文也就是锻造品格;语文是时代的镜像,思想随时代发展而发展,语文也随思想发展而更新,语文在与时代的互动中不断丰富着自己。以朱光潜先生为代表的前辈学人用他们的智慧洞察了语文的本质,不但解答了文学、语言学、哲学、美学的重要问题,也解答了语文教育的主要问题,使我们进一步认清语文课程的性质,明确语文是一门典型的人文课程,这样可以更好地推进语文学科理论建设,为语文教育注入了新的思想、新的方法。

《说文解字》的“字用”思想发微

《说文解字》(简称《说文》)通常被看作“形”书,其说解汉字的方法及对汉字的具体解析得到学史肯定。本文认为,《说文》还有重要的字用学价值,其“字用”思想可以从《说文·叙》和《说文》正文对字的解释两个方面考察。在《说文·叙》中,许慎揭示了“假借”之“依声托事”的用字实质;用“古文”泛指古代文字,表面上是字体概念,实际上指的是古文字的结构和古文献中的用字;许慎对文字的定义和文字功能的表述体现了职用实质;许慎对时人谬解文字的批评,对《说文》编撰目的和编撰原则的说明也都是从文字使用角度表述的。《说文》正文对每个字的解说首重意义,形体分析只是对意义的印证;《说文》解说中常用“古文以为某”来揭示古代不同于汉代的用字现象;《说文》的“重文”如“古文作某”“某古文”等也是就字的功能而言;“一曰”的说解则反映了同字异用现象;《说文》还常引用书例来证明字义。这些都说明《说文》从服务解读经书的目的出发,非常重视汉字的使用功能,多方面揭示了汉语字词的各种关系。

新文化:中国式现代化的文化形态

新文化是中国式现代化的文化形态。新文化植根于新时代现代化的伟大实践,标示着我们对文化重要性的认识达到了新的高度。新文化形态是中国式现代化的文化表达:新文化形态是新的文化生命体;新文化形态体现文化发展的方向性;新文化形态体现文化发展的人民性;新文化形态体现文化发展的全面性。建设新文化在新时代的实践要求是:文以载道,以文化人,明体达用,体用贯通,发挥文化对中国式现代化的阐释功能和引领功能,为实现中国式现代化提供强大精神力量。

“第二个结合”:马克思主义“实际运用”的历史性飞跃

马克思主义指导实践发展的成效,既在于其真理性,更在于不同条件下的“实际运用”。马克思主义的“实际运用”,通过不同历史条件下的具体“实现形式”来实现。“两个结合”特别是“第二个结合”,找到了进一步探索马克思主义“实现形式”的基因密码,给出了马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化“相互成就”的“实现形式”,提供了进一步探索“实现形式”的科学方法,实现了马克思主义“实际运用”的历史性飞跃。在新时代不断探索“第二个结合”的“实现形式”,就必须增强推进马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化“结合”的认知自觉和责任担当,科学把握“结合”的内容和方法,高度重视“结合”的质量和成效,提升推进“结合”的能力和本领。

刍论毛泽东思想性格的梅山烙印

梅山人的思想性格地域性特征可以概括为“忠”“勇”“孝”“蛮”“义”“忍”“勤”等几个方面。毛泽东在属于梅山文化区域的家乡韶山度过了少年和青年时代,奠定了其梅山人思想性格基础,加上父母和梅山籍老师的言传身教,他自觉或不自觉地传承和升华了梅山人的优秀思想性格,是梅山优秀思想性格的集大成者。

白字戏乐语中的锣鼓乐形态与做乐

在海陆丰地区的白字戏打击乐乐人口中,有一套包括行话、术语、口诀、谚语在内的民间乐语。围绕这些乐语不断展开追问便会发现,乐人早已用这些乐语生动形象地表达出地方音乐的深层文化特征。中国许多地区的戏曲锣鼓及民间乐种中都存在类似乐语,这些乐语可集合成庞大的“近义民间乐语群”,这表明各地民间锣鼓乐之间具有一些较为共通的形态特征、创作规律和乐人思维方式。学习、理解、分析和研究这些乐语,既是认知传统音乐的重要途径,又是研究者与被研究者之间展开对话交流的重要媒介,也是丰富中国音乐话语体系的互惠方式。

习近平文化思想的理论意蕴、鲜明特征和实践要求

2023年10月召开的全国宣传思想文化工作会议深刻阐述了宣传思想文化工作的地位作用,首次提出习近平文化思想。习近平文化思想是对马克思主义文化理论的丰富和发展,要从文化作为上层建筑的系统视角,深入分析习近平关于宣传思想文化的重要论述,深刻把握蕴含其中的理论意蕴。其中,文化领导权体现了对意识形态工作规律的科学把握;建设中华民族现代文明内含着构建文化生命体的内在逻辑;文明新形态之“新”与中国式现代化的文化特色密切关联;舆论主导权蕴含着站在时代和科技前沿的深邃思考;国际话语权展现出人类文明交往背景下的战略谋划。习近平文化思想的鲜明特征体现为理论性和实践性、系统性和针对性、继承性和发展性、民族性和世界性的统一。把握习近平文化思想的实践要求,要从“七个着力”出发,明确新时代文化建设的路线图和任务书,把握文化的方向性要求、发展性要求、信息化要求、安全性要求和开放性要求。

传统造物启迪下的汉字设计

中国传统造物是一个博大而丰富的宝库,是历史文明积淀下来的智慧结晶,它的包容、智慧、审美、传承体现出中华文明独特的价值,而汉字作为古文字之一迄今为止还在沿用和发展,经久不衰。探索发现中国传统造物智慧在当代汉字设计中的应用,梳理其丰富的视觉表现,总结传统造物与汉字结合设计的主要路径,思考未来更多样的表现手法。梳理中国传统造物作为主题、作为意象、作为技艺、作为形式语言等对汉字的启迪,通过案例分析,总结在当代汉字设计中运用具象转化、仿像再现、解构重组、增减同构等结合传统造物的设计方法。以汉字作为载体,从传统造物中吸取养分,将元素、符号、形式等融入汉字设计中,结合汉字艺术中形态、笔画、结构等审美,注重将传统造物内涵与现代手法相结合,追求内在气质与外在形象相统一,装饰与功能相统一,以体现汉字设计的文化底蕴和民族特色。不断拓展传统造物启迪的汉字设计方法,让传统造物赋能现代汉字设计发挥更大的价值。