By means of ultra-violet(UV)irradiation with photoini-tiator and multifunctional crosslinking agent,thecrosslinking modification of ultrahigh molecular weightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers prepared by gel-spin-ning was ca...By means of ultra-violet(UV)irradiation with photoini-tiator and multifunctional crosslinking agent,thecrosslinking modification of ultrahigh molecular weightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers prepared by gel-spin-ning was carried out.Thermal properties of fiber sampleswere examined using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermomechanical analysis(TMA)apparatusand a manual device.The results indicated that the opti-mal irradiation energy is 250-400 mJ/cm^2,heat-andcreep-resistant behaviors of modified fibers have beenimproved.展开更多
In this article,a high-order scheme,which is formulated by combining the quadratic finite element method in space with a second-order time discrete scheme,is developed for looking for the numerical solution of a two-d...In this article,a high-order scheme,which is formulated by combining the quadratic finite element method in space with a second-order time discrete scheme,is developed for looking for the numerical solution of a two-dimensional nonlinear time fractional thermal diffusion model.The time Caputo fractional derivative is approximated by using the L2-1formula,the first-order derivative and nonlinear term are discretized by some second-order approximation formulas,and the quadratic finite element is used to approximate the spatial direction.The error accuracy O(h3+t2)is obtained,which is verified by the numerical results.展开更多
A new energetic complex, Ni(3,4'-Hbpt)2(Hoba)2(H20)2 (3,4'-Hbpt = 3-(3-pyridyl)- 5-(4'-pyridyl)-l-H-l,2,4-triazole and H2oba = 4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid)), has been synthesized by hydrothermal reactio...A new energetic complex, Ni(3,4'-Hbpt)2(Hoba)2(H20)2 (3,4'-Hbpt = 3-(3-pyridyl)- 5-(4'-pyridyl)-l-H-l,2,4-triazole and H2oba = 4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid)), has been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses and X-ray powder diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the complex belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P2j/c with a = 10.2357(9), b = 24.594(2), c = 10.4225(9)/k, β = 114.0110(10)°, V = 2396.7(4) A3, Dc = 1.460 g/cm3,μ = 0.482 mm-1, Mr = 1053.63, F(000) = 1088, Z = 2, the final R = 0.0358 and wR = 0.0973 with I 〉 2σ(I). Both 3,4'-Hbpt and H2oba ligands adopt monodentate modes linking one Ni(II) ion to form a 0D motif. Furthermore, the 0D motifs are linked into a 3D supramolecular architecture with hydrogen bonds. In addition, the catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of the efficacy of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is explored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which indicates that the complex is a good candidate for a promoter of the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.展开更多
A new Co(Ⅱ) coordination polymer, [Co(1,4-chdc)(L)(H2O)]n(1), was synthesized under hydrothermal condition(1,4-H2chdc = 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, L = 2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1 H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline...A new Co(Ⅱ) coordination polymer, [Co(1,4-chdc)(L)(H2O)]n(1), was synthesized under hydrothermal condition(1,4-H2chdc = 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, L = 2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1 H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline). Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 8.790(5), b = 10.486(5), c = 13.305(5)A, α = 87.391(5), β = 82.925(5), γ = 81.841(5)°, V = 1204.2(10)A^3, Z = 2, C27H23FN4O5Co, Mr = 561.42, Dc = 1.548 g/cm^3, F(000) = 578, μ(Mo Ka) = 0.769 mm^-1, R = 0.0415 and wR = 0.1043. In 1, each 1,4-chdc anion bridges two neighboring Co(Ⅱ) atoms to give a chain structure. The L ligands are attached on one side of the chain through chelating the Co(Ⅱ) atoms, and are stacked with those of an adjacent chain through π-π interactions, yielding a double-chain structure. The double-chain structures are linked into a supramolecular layer structure through N–H…O hydrogen-bonding interactions between the adjacent double-chain structures. Moreover, the thermal behavior of 1 was also studied.展开更多
MgO -ZrO2 unfired bricks with ZrO2 content up to 8% at the interval of 2% were prepared, using fused magnesia ( MgO : 97% ) and fused MgO - ZrO2 clinker ( ZrO2 : 14. 33% ) as starting materials and phenolic resi...MgO -ZrO2 unfired bricks with ZrO2 content up to 8% at the interval of 2% were prepared, using fused magnesia ( MgO : 97% ) and fused MgO - ZrO2 clinker ( ZrO2 : 14. 33% ) as starting materials and phenolic resin as binder. The effects of ZrO2 content on thermal shock resistance (TSR) and other properties such as cold and hot modulus of rupture have been investigated. Re- sidual cold modulus of rupture ratio after heating at 1 000 ℃ and quenching by air blowing was adopted to characterize TSR. Addition of the MgO -ZrO2 clinker improves TSR, attributing to the microcrack toughening effect by thermal expansion mismatch between different phases. When ZrO2 content goes above 4%. the impro- ving effect tends to be moderate. The introduction of MgO- ZrO2 clinker can also improve the HMOR at 1 500 ℃, while the increased ZrO2 content reduces CMOR of the bricks prefired at 1 600 ℃, due to the thermal expansion mismatch effect. Compromising the overall properties, the optimal ZrO2 content for such magnesia based unfired brick is suggested to be 4%.展开更多
A new energetic complex,[Co(3,3?-Hbpt)(Htm)]·H_2O(1,3,3?-Hbpt = 3,5-bis(3-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole and H_3tm = trimesic acid),has been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions and characterized by single...A new energetic complex,[Co(3,3?-Hbpt)(Htm)]·H_2O(1,3,3?-Hbpt = 3,5-bis(3-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole and H_3tm = trimesic acid),has been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elementary analysis,IR spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that the complex belongs to triclinic system,space group P 1 with a = 10.0911(1),b = 10.2573(1),c = 10.6393(1) ?,α = 103.793(2),β = 101.041(2),γ = 107.918(3)o,V = 974.9(2) ?~3,Z = 2,D_c = 1.732 g·cm-3,μ = 0.941 mm^(-1),M_r = 508.31,F(000) = 518,the final R = 0.0523 and wR = 0.0935 with I 〉 2σ(I). In the title complex,Co(Ⅱ) ions are connected by Htm2-anions generating 1D ladder-like chains which are linked by 3,3?-Hbpt to form 1D cages. In addition,the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP) with complex 1 was explored by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). AP is completely decomposed in a shorter time in the presence of complex 1,and the decomposition heat of the mixture is 2.531 kJ·g^(-1),significantly higher than that of pure AP. By Kissinger's method,the ratio of Ea/ln(A) is 11.05 for the mixture,which indicates that complex 1 shows good catalytic activity toward the AP decomposition.展开更多
The non-isothermal decomposition of lead 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinate monohydrate, Pb(TNR)·H\-2O, was investigated by means of TG-DTA, DSC and IR. The thermal decomposition mechanism and the dissociated kinetics wer...The non-isothermal decomposition of lead 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinate monohydrate, Pb(TNR)·H\-2O, was investigated by means of TG-DTA, DSC and IR. The thermal decomposition mechanism and the dissociated kinetics were also investigated. The kinetic parameters were obtained from the analysis of the DSC curves by integral and differential methods. The most probable kinetic model function of the dehydration reaction of \{Pb(TNR)·H\-2O\} was suggested by the comparison of the kinetic parameters.展开更多
In this study, two thermal barrier coatings based on YSZ were produced by using a commercially available agglomerated and sintered powder and a special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling. Both thermal b...In this study, two thermal barrier coatings based on YSZ were produced by using a commercially available agglomerated and sintered powder and a special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling. Both thermal barrier coatings exhibited similar overall porosities, but significantly different microstructures. Application of the special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling led to a microstructure with numerous inclusions of semi-molten agglomerates, which introduced a plethora of clusters of fine pores into the coating and several more microstructural defects. This microstructure resulted in a significantly better thermal shock behavior compared to the conventional thermal barrier coating. The heat treatment of both thermal barrier coatings atθ=1150℃for t=100 h led to a sintering of both coatings. The results were reduced overall porosity and significantly increased fracture toughness. A correlation between the fracture toughness of both coatings after the heat treatment and the thermal shock life time could not be identified.展开更多
This paper develops geometric nonlinear hybrid formulation for flexible multibody system with large deformation considering thermal effect. Different from the conventional formulation, the heat flux is the function of...This paper develops geometric nonlinear hybrid formulation for flexible multibody system with large deformation considering thermal effect. Different from the conventional formulation, the heat flux is the function of the rotational angle and the elastic deformation, therefore, the coupling among the temperature, the large overall motion and the elastic deformation should be taken into account. Firstly, based on nonlinear strain-displacement relationship, varia- tional dynamic equations and heat conduction equations for a flexible beam are derived by using virtual work approach, and then, Lagrange dynamics equations and heat conduction equations of the first kind of the flexible multibody system are obtained by leading into the vectors of Lagrange multiplier associated with kinematic and temperature constraint equations. This formulation is used to simulate the thermal included hub-beam system. Comparison of the response be- tween the coupled system and the uncoupled system has re- vealed the thermal chattering phenomenon. Then, the key parameters for stability, including the moment of inertia of the central body, the incident angle, the damping ratio and the response time ratio, are analyzed. This formulation is also used to simulate a three-link system applied with heat flux. Comparison of the results obtained by the proposed formulation with those obtained by the approximate nonlinear model and the linear model shows the significance of con- sidering all the nonlinear terms in the strain in case of large deformation. At last, applicability of the approximate non- linear model and the linear model are clarified in detail.展开更多
The complex of Eu(IH) with 1-(6-hydroxy- 1-naphthyl)- 1,3-butanedione (HNBD) was prepared for the first time and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, fluorescence spectrum, and DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The...The complex of Eu(IH) with 1-(6-hydroxy- 1-naphthyl)- 1,3-butanedione (HNBD) was prepared for the first time and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, fluorescence spectrum, and DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The IR and UV-visible spectra showed that Eu(Ⅲ) ion was coordinated to the HNBD ligand. The fluorescence spectrum showed the presence of Eu^3+ characteristic emission. The TG-DTA-DTG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous complex was a two-stage process and the final residue was Eu2O3. The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of the complex were evaluated from TG-DTG data by using three kinds of integral methods (Coat-Redfem equation, Horowitz and Metzger equation, Madhusudanan-Krishnan-Ninan equation). The kinetic parameters of the first stage are E^* = 164.02 kJ.moll, A = 1.31 × 10^15 s^-l, AS^*= 42.27 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^* = 159.51 kJ·mol^-l, △G^*= 136.54 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 3.1, those of the second stage are E^*= 128.52 kJ·mol^-l, A = 1.44× 106 s^-1, △S^*= - 136.89 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^* = 120.41 kJ·mol^-l, △G^*= 283.85 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 1.1.展开更多
This letter is concerned with the plane and axisymmetric stagnation-point flows and heat transfer of an electrically-conducting fluid past a stretching sheet in the presence of the thermal radiation and heat generatio...This letter is concerned with the plane and axisymmetric stagnation-point flows and heat transfer of an electrically-conducting fluid past a stretching sheet in the presence of the thermal radiation and heat generation or absorption. The analytical solutions for the velocity distribution and dimensionless temperature profiles are obtained for the various values of the ratio of free stream velocity and stretching velocity, heat source parameter, Prandtl number, thermal radiation parameter, the suction and injection velocity parameter and magnetic parameter and dimensionality index in the series form with the help of homotopy analysis method (HAM). Convergence of the series is explicitly dis- cussed. In addition, shear stress and heat flux at the surface are calculated.展开更多
1 Scope This standard specifies the definition, theory, equipment, samples, test procedures, test error, etc. of test method (calorimeter) for thermal conductivity of refractories.
The optimum reaction conditions of the oxidative polycondensation of 2-(thien-2-yl-methylene)aminophenol (2-TMAP) has been accomplished by using air O_2,H_2O_2 and NaOCl oxidants in an aqueous alkaline medium between...The optimum reaction conditions of the oxidative polycondensation of 2-(thien-2-yl-methylene)aminophenol (2-TMAP) has been accomplished by using air O_2,H_2O_2 and NaOCl oxidants in an aqueous alkaline medium between 20℃and 90℃.The structures of the monomer and oligomer were confirmed by FT-IR,UV-Vis,~1H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR and elemental analysis.TGA-DTA,size exclusion chromatography(SEC) techniques and solubility tests were applied for characterization.The ~1H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR data show that the polymeriz...展开更多
A new energetic material,4,5-dimethoxy-2-(dinitromethylene)imidazolidine(DMDNI),was synthesized by the reaction of 4,5-dihydroxyl-2-(dinitromethylene)-imidazolidine(DDNI) and methanol,and structurally characte...A new energetic material,4,5-dimethoxy-2-(dinitromethylene)imidazolidine(DMDNI),was synthesized by the reaction of 4,5-dihydroxyl-2-(dinitromethylene)-imidazolidine(DDNI) and methanol,and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction.DMDNI crystallized in triclinic space group P1,with crystal data a=0.4324(4) nm,b=1.3599(11) nm,c=1.7503(14) nm,α=77.406(14)°,β=84.494(15)°,γ=87.976(14)°,V=0.9997(14) nm 3,Z=4,μ=0.140 mm-1,F(000)=488,D c =1.556 g/cm ^3,R 1 =0.0773 and wR 2 =0.1574.Thermal decomposition of DMDNI was studied,and its thermal decomposition process was divided into two stages.The first stage was a melting process and the second stage was an exothermic decomposition process.The enthalpy,apparent activation energy and pre-exponential constant of the exothermic decomposition reaction are-491.5 J/g,142.3 kJ/mol and 10 14.24 s^-1,respectively.The critical temperature of thermal explosion is 162.47 °C.DMDNI has a lower thermal stability than DDNI but it is close to that of 4,5-diacetoxyl-2-(dinitromethylene)-imidazolidine(DADNI).展开更多
Influence of intramolecular π-π interaction on the luminescent properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) molecule(3, 5-bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9 H-carbazol-9-yl)-phenyl)(pyridin-4-yl) methan...Influence of intramolecular π-π interaction on the luminescent properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) molecule(3, 5-bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9 H-carbazol-9-yl)-phenyl)(pyridin-4-yl) methanone(DTCBPY) is theoretically studied by using the density functional theory(DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT).Four conformations(named as A, B, C, and D) of the DTCBPY can be found by relax scanning, and the configuration C corresponds to the luminescent molecule detected experimentally. Besides, we calculate the proportion of each conformation by Boltzmann distribution, high configuration ratios(44% and 52%) can be found for C and D. Moreover, C and D are found to exist with an intramolecular π-π interaction between one donor and the acceptor; the intramolecular interaction brings a smaller Huang-Rhys factor and reduced reorganization energy. Our work presents a rational explanation for the experimental results and demonstrates the importance of the intramolecular π-π interaction to the photophysical properties of TADF molecules.展开更多
Each possible pair of residues inβ-1,4 glucanase for disulfide formation was assessed using online websites,and four pairs L28C-S256C,Q41C-P278C,S122C-N163C and A184C-A215C were selected.Accordingly,four recombinant ...Each possible pair of residues inβ-1,4 glucanase for disulfide formation was assessed using online websites,and four pairs L28C-S256C,Q41C-P278C,S122C-N163C and A184C-A215C were selected.Accordingly,four recombinant plasmids pET28a(+)EccslH28,pET28a(+)EccslH41,pET28a(+)EccslH122 and pET28a(+)EccslH184 were prepared and transformed into E.coli to express the recombinant enzymes.Then analysis on enzymatic properties showed that T50 of the recombinant enzymes was increased from 10 min for EccslHt2 to 90 min for EccslH28 and 40 min for EccslH41 at 70℃,while their optimum pH value and pH stability were not affected,which proved that the introduction of disulfide bond improved the thermal stability ofβ-1,4 glucanase.展开更多
Solubilities of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde in five single organic solvents,namely,n-propanol,n-butanol.cyclohexane,chloroform and dichloromethane as well as in two mixed solvents,namely,cyclohexane-acetone and cyclohexa...Solubilities of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde in five single organic solvents,namely,n-propanol,n-butanol.cyclohexane,chloroform and dichloromethane as well as in two mixed solvents,namely,cyclohexane-acetone and cyclohexane n-butanol,have been measured.These data are correlated withWilson,NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models and can be used for the process design inthe purification of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde.展开更多
基金oral prepared in the Second East Asian Polymer Conference held in Hongkong,China,January 12-16,1999
文摘By means of ultra-violet(UV)irradiation with photoini-tiator and multifunctional crosslinking agent,thecrosslinking modification of ultrahigh molecular weightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers prepared by gel-spin-ning was carried out.Thermal properties of fiber sampleswere examined using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermomechanical analysis(TMA)apparatusand a manual device.The results indicated that the opti-mal irradiation energy is 250-400 mJ/cm^2,heat-andcreep-resistant behaviors of modified fibers have beenimproved.
基金the National Natural Science Fund(11661058,11761053)Natural Science Fund of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2016MS0102,2017MS0107)+1 种基金Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJYT-17-A07)National Undergraduate Innovative Training Project of Inner Mongolia University(201710126026).
文摘In this article,a high-order scheme,which is formulated by combining the quadratic finite element method in space with a second-order time discrete scheme,is developed for looking for the numerical solution of a two-dimensional nonlinear time fractional thermal diffusion model.The time Caputo fractional derivative is approximated by using the L2-1formula,the first-order derivative and nonlinear term are discretized by some second-order approximation formulas,and the quadratic finite element is used to approximate the spatial direction.The error accuracy O(h3+t2)is obtained,which is verified by the numerical results.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21263019)
文摘A new energetic complex, Ni(3,4'-Hbpt)2(Hoba)2(H20)2 (3,4'-Hbpt = 3-(3-pyridyl)- 5-(4'-pyridyl)-l-H-l,2,4-triazole and H2oba = 4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid)), has been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses and X-ray powder diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the complex belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P2j/c with a = 10.2357(9), b = 24.594(2), c = 10.4225(9)/k, β = 114.0110(10)°, V = 2396.7(4) A3, Dc = 1.460 g/cm3,μ = 0.482 mm-1, Mr = 1053.63, F(000) = 1088, Z = 2, the final R = 0.0358 and wR = 0.0973 with I 〉 2σ(I). Both 3,4'-Hbpt and H2oba ligands adopt monodentate modes linking one Ni(II) ion to form a 0D motif. Furthermore, the 0D motifs are linked into a 3D supramolecular architecture with hydrogen bonds. In addition, the catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of the efficacy of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is explored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which indicates that the complex is a good candidate for a promoter of the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21607051)
文摘A new Co(Ⅱ) coordination polymer, [Co(1,4-chdc)(L)(H2O)]n(1), was synthesized under hydrothermal condition(1,4-H2chdc = 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, L = 2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1 H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline). Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 8.790(5), b = 10.486(5), c = 13.305(5)A, α = 87.391(5), β = 82.925(5), γ = 81.841(5)°, V = 1204.2(10)A^3, Z = 2, C27H23FN4O5Co, Mr = 561.42, Dc = 1.548 g/cm^3, F(000) = 578, μ(Mo Ka) = 0.769 mm^-1, R = 0.0415 and wR = 0.1043. In 1, each 1,4-chdc anion bridges two neighboring Co(Ⅱ) atoms to give a chain structure. The L ligands are attached on one side of the chain through chelating the Co(Ⅱ) atoms, and are stacked with those of an adjacent chain through π-π interactions, yielding a double-chain structure. The double-chain structures are linked into a supramolecular layer structure through N–H…O hydrogen-bonding interactions between the adjacent double-chain structures. Moreover, the thermal behavior of 1 was also studied.
文摘MgO -ZrO2 unfired bricks with ZrO2 content up to 8% at the interval of 2% were prepared, using fused magnesia ( MgO : 97% ) and fused MgO - ZrO2 clinker ( ZrO2 : 14. 33% ) as starting materials and phenolic resin as binder. The effects of ZrO2 content on thermal shock resistance (TSR) and other properties such as cold and hot modulus of rupture have been investigated. Re- sidual cold modulus of rupture ratio after heating at 1 000 ℃ and quenching by air blowing was adopted to characterize TSR. Addition of the MgO -ZrO2 clinker improves TSR, attributing to the microcrack toughening effect by thermal expansion mismatch between different phases. When ZrO2 content goes above 4%. the impro- ving effect tends to be moderate. The introduction of MgO- ZrO2 clinker can also improve the HMOR at 1 500 ℃, while the increased ZrO2 content reduces CMOR of the bricks prefired at 1 600 ℃, due to the thermal expansion mismatch effect. Compromising the overall properties, the optimal ZrO2 content for such magnesia based unfired brick is suggested to be 4%.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21263019 and 21467022)
文摘A new energetic complex,[Co(3,3?-Hbpt)(Htm)]·H_2O(1,3,3?-Hbpt = 3,5-bis(3-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole and H_3tm = trimesic acid),has been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elementary analysis,IR spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that the complex belongs to triclinic system,space group P 1 with a = 10.0911(1),b = 10.2573(1),c = 10.6393(1) ?,α = 103.793(2),β = 101.041(2),γ = 107.918(3)o,V = 974.9(2) ?~3,Z = 2,D_c = 1.732 g·cm-3,μ = 0.941 mm^(-1),M_r = 508.31,F(000) = 518,the final R = 0.0523 and wR = 0.0935 with I 〉 2σ(I). In the title complex,Co(Ⅱ) ions are connected by Htm2-anions generating 1D ladder-like chains which are linked by 3,3?-Hbpt to form 1D cages. In addition,the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP) with complex 1 was explored by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). AP is completely decomposed in a shorter time in the presence of complex 1,and the decomposition heat of the mixture is 2.531 kJ·g^(-1),significantly higher than that of pure AP. By Kissinger's method,the ratio of Ea/ln(A) is 11.05 for the mixture,which indicates that complex 1 shows good catalytic activity toward the AP decomposition.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Shaanxi Key L aboratory of Physico- Inorganic Chemistry(No.2 9- 32 0 0 1) and the Science and Technology Foundation of the National Defence Key L aboratory of Propellantand ExplosiveCom bustion
文摘The non-isothermal decomposition of lead 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinate monohydrate, Pb(TNR)·H\-2O, was investigated by means of TG-DTA, DSC and IR. The thermal decomposition mechanism and the dissociated kinetics were also investigated. The kinetic parameters were obtained from the analysis of the DSC curves by integral and differential methods. The most probable kinetic model function of the dehydration reaction of \{Pb(TNR)·H\-2O\} was suggested by the comparison of the kinetic parameters.
基金the German Science Foundation (DFG) for financially supporting the research work within the scope of the DFG projects ZH205/2-1 and BO1979/32-2
文摘In this study, two thermal barrier coatings based on YSZ were produced by using a commercially available agglomerated and sintered powder and a special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling. Both thermal barrier coatings exhibited similar overall porosities, but significantly different microstructures. Application of the special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling led to a microstructure with numerous inclusions of semi-molten agglomerates, which introduced a plethora of clusters of fine pores into the coating and several more microstructural defects. This microstructure resulted in a significantly better thermal shock behavior compared to the conventional thermal barrier coating. The heat treatment of both thermal barrier coatings atθ=1150℃for t=100 h led to a sintering of both coatings. The results were reduced overall porosity and significantly increased fracture toughness. A correlation between the fracture toughness of both coatings after the heat treatment and the thermal shock life time could not be identified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11272203)the Key National Natural Science Foundation of China (11132007)
文摘This paper develops geometric nonlinear hybrid formulation for flexible multibody system with large deformation considering thermal effect. Different from the conventional formulation, the heat flux is the function of the rotational angle and the elastic deformation, therefore, the coupling among the temperature, the large overall motion and the elastic deformation should be taken into account. Firstly, based on nonlinear strain-displacement relationship, varia- tional dynamic equations and heat conduction equations for a flexible beam are derived by using virtual work approach, and then, Lagrange dynamics equations and heat conduction equations of the first kind of the flexible multibody system are obtained by leading into the vectors of Lagrange multiplier associated with kinematic and temperature constraint equations. This formulation is used to simulate the thermal included hub-beam system. Comparison of the response be- tween the coupled system and the uncoupled system has re- vealed the thermal chattering phenomenon. Then, the key parameters for stability, including the moment of inertia of the central body, the incident angle, the damping ratio and the response time ratio, are analyzed. This formulation is also used to simulate a three-link system applied with heat flux. Comparison of the results obtained by the proposed formulation with those obtained by the approximate nonlinear model and the linear model shows the significance of con- sidering all the nonlinear terms in the strain in case of large deformation. At last, applicability of the approximate non- linear model and the linear model are clarified in detail.
基金financially supported by the Important Foundation of the Educational Commission of Hubei Province (No. Z200622001)the Natural Science Foundation of the Educational Commission of Hubei Province, China (No. J200522002)
文摘The complex of Eu(IH) with 1-(6-hydroxy- 1-naphthyl)- 1,3-butanedione (HNBD) was prepared for the first time and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, fluorescence spectrum, and DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The IR and UV-visible spectra showed that Eu(Ⅲ) ion was coordinated to the HNBD ligand. The fluorescence spectrum showed the presence of Eu^3+ characteristic emission. The TG-DTA-DTG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous complex was a two-stage process and the final residue was Eu2O3. The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of the complex were evaluated from TG-DTG data by using three kinds of integral methods (Coat-Redfem equation, Horowitz and Metzger equation, Madhusudanan-Krishnan-Ninan equation). The kinetic parameters of the first stage are E^* = 164.02 kJ.moll, A = 1.31 × 10^15 s^-l, AS^*= 42.27 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^* = 159.51 kJ·mol^-l, △G^*= 136.54 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 3.1, those of the second stage are E^*= 128.52 kJ·mol^-l, A = 1.44× 106 s^-1, △S^*= - 136.89 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^* = 120.41 kJ·mol^-l, △G^*= 283.85 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 1.1.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Founda-tions of China (50936003)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals & Materials and the Research Foundation of Engineering Research Institute,University of Science and Technology Beijing (2009Z-02)
文摘This letter is concerned with the plane and axisymmetric stagnation-point flows and heat transfer of an electrically-conducting fluid past a stretching sheet in the presence of the thermal radiation and heat generation or absorption. The analytical solutions for the velocity distribution and dimensionless temperature profiles are obtained for the various values of the ratio of free stream velocity and stretching velocity, heat source parameter, Prandtl number, thermal radiation parameter, the suction and injection velocity parameter and magnetic parameter and dimensionality index in the series form with the help of homotopy analysis method (HAM). Convergence of the series is explicitly dis- cussed. In addition, shear stress and heat flux at the surface are calculated.
文摘1 Scope This standard specifies the definition, theory, equipment, samples, test procedures, test error, etc. of test method (calorimeter) for thermal conductivity of refractories.
基金supported by the Government Planning Organization(GPO2002K120170-7)TUBITAK GrantsCommission for a research grant(No.TBAG-105T428).
文摘The optimum reaction conditions of the oxidative polycondensation of 2-(thien-2-yl-methylene)aminophenol (2-TMAP) has been accomplished by using air O_2,H_2O_2 and NaOCl oxidants in an aqueous alkaline medium between 20℃and 90℃.The structures of the monomer and oligomer were confirmed by FT-IR,UV-Vis,~1H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR and elemental analysis.TGA-DTA,size exclusion chromatography(SEC) techniques and solubility tests were applied for characterization.The ~1H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR data show that the polymeriz...
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20803058)the Basal Science Foundation of National Defense(No.B0920110005)+1 种基金the Science Program Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2011kjxx31)the Education Committee Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2010JK881)
文摘A new energetic material,4,5-dimethoxy-2-(dinitromethylene)imidazolidine(DMDNI),was synthesized by the reaction of 4,5-dihydroxyl-2-(dinitromethylene)-imidazolidine(DDNI) and methanol,and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction.DMDNI crystallized in triclinic space group P1,with crystal data a=0.4324(4) nm,b=1.3599(11) nm,c=1.7503(14) nm,α=77.406(14)°,β=84.494(15)°,γ=87.976(14)°,V=0.9997(14) nm 3,Z=4,μ=0.140 mm-1,F(000)=488,D c =1.556 g/cm ^3,R 1 =0.0773 and wR 2 =0.1574.Thermal decomposition of DMDNI was studied,and its thermal decomposition process was divided into two stages.The first stage was a melting process and the second stage was an exothermic decomposition process.The enthalpy,apparent activation energy and pre-exponential constant of the exothermic decomposition reaction are-491.5 J/g,142.3 kJ/mol and 10 14.24 s^-1,respectively.The critical temperature of thermal explosion is 162.47 °C.DMDNI has a lower thermal stability than DDNI but it is close to that of 4,5-diacetoxyl-2-(dinitromethylene)-imidazolidine(DADNI).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11374195 and 21403133)Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Normal University,China+1 种基金the Promotive Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.BS2014cl001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2014M560571)
文摘Influence of intramolecular π-π interaction on the luminescent properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) molecule(3, 5-bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9 H-carbazol-9-yl)-phenyl)(pyridin-4-yl) methanone(DTCBPY) is theoretically studied by using the density functional theory(DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT).Four conformations(named as A, B, C, and D) of the DTCBPY can be found by relax scanning, and the configuration C corresponds to the luminescent molecule detected experimentally. Besides, we calculate the proportion of each conformation by Boltzmann distribution, high configuration ratios(44% and 52%) can be found for C and D. Moreover, C and D are found to exist with an intramolecular π-π interaction between one donor and the acceptor; the intramolecular interaction brings a smaller Huang-Rhys factor and reduced reorganization energy. Our work presents a rational explanation for the experimental results and demonstrates the importance of the intramolecular π-π interaction to the photophysical properties of TADF molecules.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2019YFC1905902,2019YFC1905900)Key Research and Development Plan in Shandong Province(2020CXGC010603,2021ZDSYS10,2022CXGC020206)+2 种基金"Open Competition Mechanism"Project of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(2022JBZ01-06)Taishan Industry Leading Talent Program(tscy20180103)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801527)。
文摘Each possible pair of residues inβ-1,4 glucanase for disulfide formation was assessed using online websites,and four pairs L28C-S256C,Q41C-P278C,S122C-N163C and A184C-A215C were selected.Accordingly,four recombinant plasmids pET28a(+)EccslH28,pET28a(+)EccslH41,pET28a(+)EccslH122 and pET28a(+)EccslH184 were prepared and transformed into E.coli to express the recombinant enzymes.Then analysis on enzymatic properties showed that T50 of the recombinant enzymes was increased from 10 min for EccslHt2 to 90 min for EccslH28 and 40 min for EccslH41 at 70℃,while their optimum pH value and pH stability were not affected,which proved that the introduction of disulfide bond improved the thermal stability ofβ-1,4 glucanase.
文摘Solubilities of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde in five single organic solvents,namely,n-propanol,n-butanol.cyclohexane,chloroform and dichloromethane as well as in two mixed solvents,namely,cyclohexane-acetone and cyclohexane n-butanol,have been measured.These data are correlated withWilson,NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models and can be used for the process design inthe purification of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde.