Characterization of salt tolerance and Fusarium wilt resistance of a sweetpotato mutant

The variant LM1 was previously obtained using embryogenic cell suspension cultures of sweetpotato variety Lizixiang by gamma-ray induced mutation, and then its characteristics were stably inherited through six clonal generations, thus this mutant was named LM1. In this study, systematic characterization of salt tolerance and Fusarium wilt resistance were performed between Lizixiang and mutant LM1. LM1 exhibited significantly higher salt tolerance compared to Lizixiang. The content of proline and activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and photosynthesis were significantly increased, while malonaldehyde（MDA） and H_2O_2 contents were significantly decreased compared to that of Lizixiang under salt stress. The inoculation test with Fusarium wilt showed that its Fusarium wilt resistance was also improved. The lignin, total phenolic, jasmonic acid（JA） contents and SOD activity were significantly higher, while H_2O_2 content was significantly lower in LM1 than that in Lizixiang. The expression level of salt stress-responsive and disease resistance-related genes was significantly higher in LM1 than that in Lizixiang under salt and Fusarium wilt stresses, respectively. This result provides a novel and valuable material for improving the salt tolerance and Fusarium wilt resistance of sweetpotato.

Genetic Engineering Peanut for Higher Drought- and Salt-Tolerance

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed crops, mainly grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is also rich in proteins, vitamins and ions, therefore it constitutes an important portion of food nutrition for people in these regions. The production of peanut is being threatened by the changing environments as the major peanut producing counties such as China, India, and USA are facing severe water shortage for peanut irrigation. The yield and quality of peanut are negatively affected by drought and salinity. Making peanut more droughtand salt-tolerant will likely sustain peanut production in countries where water shortage or saline soil are already problems. Efforts were made to genetically engineer peanut for higher tolerance to drought and salt. Analysis of these transgenic peanut plants indicated that the agronomic traits such as peanut yields were the same between wild-type and transgenic peanut plants under normal growth conditions, yet the yields of transgenic peanut plants were much higher than wild-type peanut plant under reduced irrigation conditions. Other traits such as protein content and fatty acid compositions in the seeds of transgenic peanut plants were not altered under both normal and drought conditions, indicating that the genetic manipulation of peanut for stress tolerance did not affect chemical compositions of peanut seeds in transgenic peanut plants, only increased seed yields under stress conditions.

Temperature-resistant and salt-tolerant mixed surfactant system for EOR in the Tahe Oilfield

A new temperature-resistant and salt-tolerant mixed surfactant system(referred to as the SS system)for enhancing oil recovery at the Tahe Oilfield(Xinjiang,China)was evaluated.Based on the analysis of the crude oil,the formation water and rock components in the Tahe Oilfield,the long-term thermal stability,salt tolerance and the ability to change the wettability,interfacial activity and oil washing efficiency of the mixed surfactant system were studied.The system contains the anionic surfactant SDB and another cationic surfactant SDY.When the total mass concentration of the SS solution is 0.15 wt%,m(SDB)/m(SDY)ratio is 1 to 1,and excellent efficiencies are achieved for oil washing for five kinds of Tahe Oilfield crude oils(more than 60%).In addition,after adding cationic surfactant,the adsorption capacity of the surfactant is further reduced,reaching 0.261 mg/g.The oil displacement experiments indicate that under a temperature of 150°C and a salinity of 24.6×104 mg/L,the SS system enhances the oil recovery by over 10%after water flooding.The SS anionic–cationic surfactant system is first presented in the open literature that can be successfully applied to obtain predictions of Tahe Oilfield carbonate reservoirs with a high temperature and high salinity.

Overexpression of the ThTPS gene enhanced salt and osmotic stress tolerance in Tamarix hispida

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide with high stability and strong water absorption properties that can improve the resistance of organisms to various abiotic stresses.Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase(TPS)plays important roles in trehalose metabolism and signaling.In this study,the full-length cDNA of ThTPS was cloned from Tamarix hispida Willd.A phylogenetic tree including ThTPS and 11 AtTPS genes from Arabidopsis indicated that the ThTPS protein had a close evolutionary relationship with AtTPS7.However,the function of At TPS7 has not been determined.To analyze the abiotic stress tolerance function of ThTPS,the expression of ThTPS in T.hispida under salt and drought stress and JA,ABA and GA3 hormone stimulation was monitored by qRT-PCR.The results show that ThTPS expression was clearly induced by all five of these treatments at one or more times,and salt stress caused particularly strong induction of Th TPS in the roots of T.hispida.The ThTPS gene was transiently overexpressed in T.hispida.Both physiological indexes and staining results showed that ThTPS gene overexpression increased salt and osmotic stress tolerance in T.hispida.Overall,the Th TPS gene can respond to abiotic stresses such as salt and drought,and its overexpression can significantly improve salt and osmotic tolerance.These findings establish a foundation to better understand the responses of TPS genes to abiotic stress in plants.

Synthesis of temperature-resistant and salttolerant surfactant SDB-7 and its performance evaluation for Tahe Oilfield flooding (China)

In order to improve the enhanced oil recovery of high-temperature and high-salt oilfields, a novel temperature-resistant and salt-tolerant surfactant （denoted as SDB-7） was synthesized and evaluated for the Tahe Oilfield （Xinjiang, China）, which is representative of high-temperature and high-salt oilfields. It has a central reservoir temperature of 140 ℃ and salinity of 22.6× 10^4 mg/L. The temperature-resistant and salt-tolerant performance, interfacial activity, oil displacement efficiency, aging properties, and adsorption properties of the synthesized surfactant were evaluated for Tahe Oilfield flooding. The results showed that the SDB-7 was temperature-resistant and salt-tolerant capacity of 140 ℃ and 22.6×10^4 rag/ L, respectively, oil displacement efficiency under static condition of 84%, and adsorption loss of 0.4 mg/ g （less than 1 mg/g-oil sand）. In the heat aging experiment （under the temperature of 140 ℃ for 60 days）, the oil-water interracial tension and oil displacement efficiency of SDB-7 were almost unchanged. The oil displacement experiments showed that, under the temperature of 140 ℃ and the salinity of 22.6× 10^4 mg/L, the surfactant SDB-7 can enhance oil recovery by 14.5% after water flooding,suggesting that SDB-7 has a promising application in high temperature and high salinity （HT/HS） reservoir.

Corrosion evaluation and resistance study of alloys in chloride salts for concentrating solar power plants

Thermal energy storage(TES)systems based on molten salt are widely used in concentrating solar power(CSP)plants.The investigation of the corrosion behavior of alloy materials in molten salt is crucial for the correct selection of alloy materials and the design of TES systems.In this study,the corrosion behavior of 304,310S,316,and In625 alloys in molten chloride salts(27 mol%NaCl-22 mol%KCl-51 mol%MgCl,)was investigated.The evolution of mass loss of the alloy samples with corrosion time and temperature and the analysis of the experimental results by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),and X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed the corrosion mechanism of the alloy samples in molten chloride salts.The main factors affecting the corrosion of the alloy samples were further analyzed.It was found that the loose multi-layer corrosion was formed on the surface of the corroded alloy samples with the increase in corrosion degree.Moreover,the experimental results.showed that Mo played a positive role in improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy samples because the presence of Mo could inhibit the outward diffusion of alloying element Cr.This work enriches the molten salt corrosion database and provides a reference for the selection of alloy materials for TES systems with potential application in CSP plants.

Surface treatment to improve corrosion resistance of Al plate heat exchangers

The correlations between thermal and physical properties were studied through thermal conductivity measurements, hardness tests, salt spray tests (AASS) among the surface treatment samples named K20, K40 with thickness of 20, 40 μm respectively and raw sample named K00. In thermal conductivity measurements, there are little differences among the samples as K00, K20 and K40, they exhibit 153.39, 150.69 and 149.76 W/(m·K), respectively. According to hardness tests, K00, K20 and K40 exhibit 87.9, 259.7 and 344.8 in Vickers values. In the result of salt spray tests to examine the effects on corrosion resistance, K00, K20 and K40 exhibit the grade of 3?5, 2.0?9.8 and 10, respectively. The mutual relation of the above results was analyzed. It is found that the surface treatments do not affect the thermal conductivity of aluminum and result in the improvement of physical properties. As a result of the technology, the surface improvement of aluminum alloy specimen is achieved without thermal degradation. It validates the ability of the aluminum plate heat exchangers with surface treatment to enhance the corrosion resistance. Present work is performed as the first fundamental threshold in the process of aluminum plate heat exchangers development to check out its possibility, therefore the next step-experimental and numerical study of practical aluminum plate heat exchangers will be made.

In-situ synthesis of high thermal stability and salt resistance carbon dots for injection pressure reduction and enhanced oil recovery

Carbon dots(CDs)show great potential as a new type of oil-displacing agent for unconventional oil and gas development.However,the instability and easy aggregation epitomize the challenges that accompany the application of CDs in high temperature and high salinity(HT/HS)reservoirs.In this research,novel benzene sulfonate-modified carbon dots(BS-CDs)with remarkable thermal stability and salt resistance were fabricated through an in-situ electrochemical exfoliation method.Molecular simulation verifies that the introduction of benzene sulfonate groups substantially strengthens the electrostatic repulsion between BS-CDs,leading to outstanding dispersibility and stability even at a temperature of 100℃ and salinity of 14×10^(4) mg/L.Core flooding tests show that 0.05 wt.%BS-CDs nanofluid can significantly reduce the water injection pressure by 50.00%and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)to 68.39%under HT/HS conditions.According to the atomic force microscopy(AFM)scanning results,the adhesion force between the core(after BS-CDs treatment)and oil decreased by 11.94 times,indicating that the hydrophilicity of the core surface was increased.In addition,the distribution of the adhesion force curve is more concentrated,which means that the micro-scale wettability of the core changes from oil-wet to more homogeneous water-wet.This study provides a feasible way for the development and application of good thermal stability and salt resistance CDs in unconventional reservoir development.

Resistance to Adversity of New Poplar Clones

With four poplar clones, namely 84-323 (Populus deltoides cv. ?4-323?, 84-324 (Populus deltoides cv. ?4-324?, 79-35 (Populus ?euramericana cv. ?9-35?, and I-69 (Populus deltoides cv. 慙ux?I-69/55) as a control, researches on cold, drought and salt resistance of the clones were conducted. Electrolyte permeability under a series of low temperatures, relative water loss rate of detached leaves with time series and survival rate and growth performance in salt soil were measured. The results showed that 84-323, 84-324 and 79-35 were resistant to cold as same as I-69 (CK) and more resistant to drought and salinity than I-69 (CK).

耐盐瓜胶合成及其溶胀性能研究

针对瓜胶原粉抗盐性差的问题,通过化学改性制得耐盐瓜胶,并用红外光谱仪对产物进行了结构表征。进一步考察了相对分子质量、粒径、搅拌转速、温度、盐离子等对其溶胀性能影响。结果表明:制备的耐盐瓜胶相对分子质量越小、粒径越小,速溶性能越好;相对分子质量和粒径过小均会导致耐盐瓜胶增黏性降低。搅拌速度和温度增加均有助于溶解。一价离子相对于二价离子对耐盐瓜胶的溶胀增黏性影响较小,SEM观测不同盐溶液中耐盐瓜胶分子的构型有差别。合成的耐盐瓜胶具有一定的耐盐性,速溶性较好,可适用于海上连续混配液需求。

某型直升机超短波电台结构设计

本文开展了适用于某型直升机平台的机载超短波电台结构设计,从结构总体设计、电气互联设计、散热设计、抗冲振性能设计、三防设计等角度,全方位的阐述了设备的结构设计过程,可为同类设备的结构设计提供借鉴。

Expression of Cryptogein in tobacco plants exhibits enhanced disease resistance and tolerance to salt stress

Cryptogein (Crypt), an elicitin secreted from Phytophthora cryptogea, was used for genetic engineering of biotic and abiotic resistance plants. We generated trans-genic tobacco plants harboring a rice phenylalanine ammo-nia-lyase (PAL) promoter and Crypt fusion gene (PAL::Crypt) or the mutated Crypt (mutation of the lysine at the position 13 to valine) under the control CaMV35S promoter (CaMV35S::CryK13V). T2 progeny of the transgenic plants showed significantly enhanced disease resistance to patho-gens of fungal Phytophthora parasitica var nicotiana (Ppn) and Alternaria alternata, and bacterial Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci. The amount of mRNA accumulation of Crypt and CryK13V was quite low in the transgenic lines analyzed by Northern blot, and was detected by a reverse transcription PCR method. Plants harboring PAL::Crypt construct showed faster and stronger induction of PR-1a gene after Ppn inoculation than that in the wild-type plants. The re-sults suggested that the inducible PAL promoter could rap-idly respond to pathogen attack and efficiently suppress the pathogen infection. Furthermore, the enhanced tolerance to salt stress in both of the Crypt and CryK13V expressing tobacco plants was also observed compared with that in the control plants. The constitutive expression of PR and tran-scription factor genes in the transformants was probably associated with the salt tolerance. The above observations suggested that a cross-talk between biotic and abiotic stresses existed in tobacco plants.

耐盐性PAM-AMPS/Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米减阻剂流变性

采用丙烯酰胺/2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AM/AMPS)共聚物接枝纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)合成了一种PAM-AMPS/Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米减阻剂,并利用动态流变仪研究了PAM-AMPS/Fe_(3)O_(4)减阻剂的剪切稀释性,分析了纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)、盐含量及剪切作用对其流变行为的影响规律。结果表明:PAM-AMPS/Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米减阻剂的粒径为100~500 nm、黏均分子质量为4.99×10^(6)g/mol;在30℃下,剪切速率大于0.3 s^(-1)时PAM-AMPS/Fe_(3)O_(4)减阻剂表现出显著的剪切稀释特征,该减阻剂具有更复杂的微观结构,其超临界质量分数为0.035%,相比空白聚合物表现出更优良的增黏性能和黏弹性;由于AMPS含有耐温耐盐基团,在NaCl和CaCl2质量分数分别为10%和5%的条件下,PAM-AMPS/Fe_(3)O_(4)减阻剂黏度保留率分别为69%和53%,表现出了较强的耐盐性;同时,该减阻剂在剪切速率1000 s^(-1)条件下剪切3600、7200 s后的黏度回复率分别为100%和94%,表现出良好的耐剪切性。

豌豆应对非生物胁迫的研究进展

大多数农作物在遭受非生物胁迫时产量会显著降低,研究作物在非生物胁迫下的抗逆性指标变化和响应机制、探索提高植物抗逆性的途径,对稳定和提高作物产量具有重要意义,是可持续农业发展的重要环节。豌豆是最古老的驯化物种之一,因其对低温、干旱、盐碱等非生物胁迫具有较强的耐受力而被广泛种植。同时豌豆也是重要的粮、菜、饲兼用作物,具有较高的经济价值。本文就豌豆对干旱、盐碱、低温等非生物胁迫的响应机理和豌豆在非生物胁迫下的形态结构、抗逆性指标变化及提高豌豆抗逆性的途径措施进行综述,并就今后豌豆抗逆性研究中加强多逆境互作研究、豌豆表观遗传学研究、豌豆耐逆功能基因挖掘与利用进行分析展望,以期为今后豌豆育种提供方向与依据,为进一步加强豌豆抗旱、耐盐、耐低温等抗逆性研究夯实理论基础。

海上油田开发用抗温抗盐乳液聚合物研制与性能评价

为满足海上油田开发对聚合物溶解速度、抗温和抗盐性能的要求,使用自制的高效聚合物乳化剂和热稳定剂,采用低温复合引发体系多段引发,制备了超高相对分子质量的速溶抗温抗盐型乳液聚合物,分析了制备工艺,助溶剂、功能单体和热稳定剂加量对聚合物性能的影响。结果表明,通过工艺优化可制备得到相对分子质量2200万~2400万的聚合物,尿素和硫酸钠可显著提高超高相对分子质量抗温抗盐乳液聚合物的溶解速度;聚合时添加N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、自制热稳定剂和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸钠,可显著提高聚合物的抗温抗盐性能。采用电镜、激光粒度仪、GPC和TGA等方法,评价了超高相对分子质量抗温抗盐型乳液聚合物的结构及性能,结果表明,制备的聚合物乳胶粒粒径分布均匀、相对分子质量分布窄和耐温性能好,在矿化度35000 mg/L、温度75℃条件下,乳液聚合物30 d的黏度保留率大于90%。研究表明,超高相对分子质量抗温抗盐型乳液聚合物具有速溶、相对分子质量高和抗温抗盐性能好的特点,可以用于海上油田驱油开发。

克氏原螯虾3群体双列杂交群体耐高温性能比较

为构建耐高温性状的克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)杂交群体,以芜湖、建湖、滆湖3个克氏原螯虾群体完全双列杂交的9个F_(1)群体为亲本,通过自交获得F_(2)群体[滆湖♀×建湖♂(GJ)、建湖♀×滆湖♂(JG)、滆湖♀×芜湖♂(GW)、芜湖♀×滆湖♂(WG)、建湖♀×芜湖♂(JW)、芜湖♀×建湖♂(WJ)、滆湖♀×滆湖♂(GG)、建湖♀×建湖♂(JJ)、芜湖♀×芜湖♂(WW)],采用耐热性(upper thermal tolerance,UTT)、心率的阿伦尼乌斯拐点温度(arrhenius break temperatures,ABT)作为评定指标,并结合临界温度法(critical thermal methodology,CTM)、半致死时间(half leathaltime,LT_(50))等方法,比较了9个F_(2)群体对高温的耐受性,并进一步分析了克氏原螯虾UTT值、ABT值与体质量等性状的相关性。结果表明:各群体UTT值排序为GW>GJ>WJ>JG>GG>WW>WG>JW>JJ,且GW群体UTT值显著高于其余群体(P<0.05);各群体ABT排序为GW>WJ>WW>WG>JW>JJ>JG>GJ>GG,且GW群体ABT显著高于其余群体(P<0.05);各群体CTMax排序为GW>WJ>GJ>GG>WW>JG>JW>WG>JJ,且GW、WJ、GJ群体显著高于其余群体(P<0.05);各群体LT_(50)排序为GW>GJ>WJ>JG>WW>GG>JW=JJ>WG;不同规格克氏原螯虾个体之间耐热性(UTT)存在显著性差异(P<0.05),即克氏原螯虾虾苗耐热性显著高于初达上市规格的商品虾(P<0.05);克氏原螯虾热胁迫前后心率均与体质量呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.21和-0.15(P<0.05)。研究表明,滆湖♀×芜湖♂(GW)群体4个耐高温指标均优于其他群体,与UTT等指标相比,采用ABT指标测定对个体损害小,更适用于良种选育。

荒漠植物花花柴HTR基因家族表达模式及其增强细菌抗逆性分析

【目的】荒漠植物花花柴具有耐盐碱、耐高温等优异的广谱抗逆性,是新疆珍贵的天然抗逆植物种质资源。挖掘花花柴耐极端温度和耐盐基因,系统分析其在高温、低温和高盐胁迫下表达模式以及抗逆性,对于利用该基因增强作物抗逆性、稳产性、丰产性,促进荒漠植物基因资源的发掘利用都具有重要意义。【方法】采用盆栽花花柴幼苗进行不同时长的高温(45℃)、低温(4℃)和高盐(400 mmol/L Na^(+))胁迫处理,采集幼苗的根、茎、叶组织,利用RT-PCR等技术克隆花花柴HTR基因家族(KcHTRs),分析KcHTRs基因表达情况,同时通过原核表达体系分析其抗逆性以及表达蛋白质的最佳诱导条件。【结果】(1)从荒漠植物花花柴高温转录组数据中筛选并克隆了KcHTR基因家族的7个成员,通过构建原核表达载体并诱导表达,明确其cDNA长度在708~789 bp之间,所表达的蛋白质分子量在27~29 kD之间;(2)发现在大肠杆菌BL21最适生长温度37℃下该家族蛋白的最佳诱导表达体系:OD600为0.8,IPTG诱导浓度为0.5 mmol/L,诱导时间为8~10 h;(3)通过对重组大肠杆菌的模拟高温、低温、盐胁迫处理,结果显示KcHTRs能够在一定程度上增强宿主对高温、低温和高盐的耐受性。【结论】KcHTRs具有优异的广谱抗逆性,主要具有耐极端温度的抗逆性,且能够积极响应花花柴植株应对逆境胁迫。

刚毛柽柳ThZFP3基因的耐盐抗旱功能

【目的】锌指蛋白(ZFP,Zinc Finger Proteins)是植物中的一类重要的转录调控因子,在植物生长发育、逆境胁迫应答等方面具有重要的作用。通过分析刚毛柽柳Tamarix hispida锌指蛋白基因ThZFP3的耐盐、抗旱功能,为林木抗逆遗传改良提供了理论基础。【方法】在通过蘸花法获得过表达ThZFP3转基因拟南芥;在NaCl和Mannitol(甘露醇)胁迫下,观察转基因和对照拟南芥的萌芽成活率、根长、鲜质量和表型变化;在利用农杆菌瞬时转化体系获得瞬时过表达(OE)、抑制表达(RNAi)和对照(Control)转基因刚毛柽柳,胁迫下分别对三种转基因柽柳进行组织化学染色和抗逆相关生理指标测定,鉴定ThZFP3基因的抗旱、耐盐能力。【结果】在胁迫条件下,转基因拟南芥的萌芽成活率、根长、鲜质量和长势均优于野生型,表明ThZFP3基因可提高转基因拟南芥的抗旱耐盐能力;过表达ThZFP3基因显著增强了刚毛柽柳中POD和SOD的活性,从而减少活性氧(ROS)的积累;过表达ThZFP3基因可以减少刚毛柽柳中MDA的积累、降低电解质渗透率,保护细胞膜的完整。【结论】过表达ThZFP3基因可以提高刚毛柽柳体内ROS清除能力,降低细胞损伤程度,从而提高刚毛柽柳的抗旱耐盐能力。

耐盐乳酸菌的益生特性及其在酱油发酵中的应用

食品来源的耐盐乳酸菌(LAB)具有安全性和一定的抗逆特性,研究它们的益生特性和发酵特性对寻找可用于食品发酵的功能菌株具有重要意义。作者考察了5株来源于酱油发酵酱醪的乳酸菌的抑菌、抗氧化能力和对胃酸、胆盐与溶菌酶的耐受能力,以及对冻干和高温条件的抗性,并评估了乳酸菌协同高盐稀态酱油发酵的能力。结果表明,5株乳酸菌可在低盐质量浓度(50 g/L)下生长,且对中高盐质量浓度(100 g/L和150 g/L)有良好的耐受能力。这些耐盐乳酸菌皆具有低疏水性,可抑制大肠杆菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌等致病菌,并有良好的抗氧化能力。其中Pediococcus acidilactici ZQ1与Pediococcus acidilactici WT1对胃酸、胆盐和溶菌酶的耐受能力高于Pediococcus pentosaceus WT6、Weissella paramesenteroides JL-5、Weissella paramesenteroides LCW-28和对照菌Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JP31。此外,P.acidilactici WT1经冷冻干燥处理后的存活率最高(85%),且该菌株在60℃下的存活率比L.plantarum JP31高2个数量级。利用P.acidilactici WT1协同高盐稀态酱油发酵,可使酱油中氨基酸态氮和有机酸质量浓度分别提高11.03%和34.42%。该研究初步证实了食品来源的耐盐乳酸菌的益生特性和用于酱油发酵的潜力。

两亲碳点的表界面性能与驱油性能

高界面活性纳米驱油材料的制备是纳米技术在超低渗透油藏提高采收率中应用的关键问题。考察了自制两亲碳点(CDs)的表界面活性,研究了无机盐和老化温度对两亲CDs界面活性的影响,并研究了两亲CDs的油膜剥离性能和润湿反转性能,通过岩心驱替实验评价了两亲CDs的驱油性能。研究结果表明,两亲CDs具有与表面活性剂相似的表面张力曲线,其临界胶束浓度和平衡表面张力分别为150.21 mg/L和28.43 mN/m。在60℃、100 g/L NaCl和25 g/L CaCl_(2)条件下仍能保持较高的界面活性,可将油水界面张力由0.578 mN/m分别降低至0.032 mN/m和0.015 mN/m。此外,两亲CDs具有优异的油膜剥离性能和润湿反转性能,经两亲CDs处理后,油膜面积分别减少了79.3%,并且具有润湿反转能力,可将亲油玻璃片表面的水滴接触角由109.2°降至44.8°。岩心驱油实验表明,在85 g/L NaCl和10 g/L CaCl_(2)条件下,两亲CDs驱油效率为17.4%,具有较好的耐盐性。因此,两亲CDs作为一种高界面活性的耐高温耐盐纳米颗粒,在高温高盐油藏提高采收率方面具有广阔的应用前景。