Think Tanks in the United States： The Evolution and Evolving Roles

Think tanks as an important force in the policy making field in the United States have strengthened their visibility and expanded their influence in recent decades. This paper contends that the historical and political climate of the United States has fostered the development of think tanks and they will continue to exert their influence in the policy making field of the United States. It mainly examines the history of American think tanks and the roles they have been performing during more than one hundred years＇ evolution. In the twenty-first century, in a more and more flattering world, policy issues become increasingly complicated, therefore think tanks are indeed fixtures of American policy making scene. They play six major roles （1） source for policy idea; （2） venue for communicating and initiating new policy ideas; （3） source for personnel; （4） educating and informing the public; （5） evaluator of government policies; and （6） Track lI diplomacy.

BRICS POLITICAL PARTIES, THINK TANKS AND CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS TO CEMENT COOPERATION

The BRICS political parties,think tanks and civil society organizations Forum was held in Fuzhou,capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province,June 11-12,2017.The forum drew over 400 participants from BRICS and other developing countries.Heads of political parties,think tanks and civil society organiza-

Institute of Policy and Management: Aiming at the Ranks of World-class Think Tanks

Established on June 26, 1986 by the consolidation of four former CAS subordinates (namely,the Office of Policy Research, Division of Management Science, Editorial Department of the Journal of Dialectics of Nature, and Section of Optimization and Overall Planning under the CAS Institute of Applied Mathematics), the Institute of Policy and Management (IPM), CAS, is characterized by interdisciplinary studies of social and natural sciences. It applies itself to theoretical, methodological and applied research into national strategies, policies and management for S&T development. It also provides consultancy services for government departments, local authorities and CAS on issues concerning S&T development, social and economic growth, S&T management and administration of enterprises.……

Delegation of African NGOs,Think Tanks and Media Representatives Visits China

At the invitation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU),an African delegation composed of 14 representatives from NGOs,think tanks and media of South Africa,Tanzania and Namibia visited China from July 20to 31,2013.The theme of this visit is"Enhancing People-topeople Understanding and Promoting

Global Think Tanks and the AMI Index Evaluation System

This paper has 4 parts. Part 1 presents a comparative analysis of think tank evaluation methods. Part 2 introduces the AMI index system for comprehensive evaluation of global think tanks. Part 3 describes the current situation of global think tanks based on ranking by AMI. Part 4 proposes the construction of new type think tanks with Chinese characteristics under the global perspective.

Function Construction of Think Tanks in the Teaching Management Platform of Universities

In the new era of knowledge and information,knowledge,as the support of management and power development,increasingly reflects its own value.As the advanced platform for knowledge dissemination,research,and cultivation of knowledge talents,colleges and universities need to cultivate compound and multi-functional talents.This is becoming more and more important in the reality of social,economic,and cultural development.They also need to be protected and supported by rules,decisions,and systems that are relatively wise,rational,and conform to the development laws of education and teaching.Educational administration institutions in colleges and universities should not only assume traditional responsibilities such as teaching management and resource allocation,but also establish their own rational decision-making mechanism and framework driven by development trends to form similar think tank functions or think tank attributes as well as gradually promote the construction of such management system in various teaching institutions,organizations,and departments to ensure that the teaching platform can become a new management and decision-making center.

A retrospective on the intellectual adventures of think tanks in biosecurity before and after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak

Think tanks play a fundamental role in shaping policy agendas in Western countries,especially in the US.As international biosecurity is turning from a moderate to a serious concern,the convergence of biosecurity subjects and think tanks is evidently increasing.Examining the involvement and implication of think tanks in biosecurity policy formulation domestically and internationally is,therefore,of great value.This article takes a brief look at the intellectual output of over 30 think tanks during the last five years,before and after the outbreak of COVID-19,and tries to build an understanding of the extent to which these think tanks informed strategic,operational,and tactical decisions,with the aim of providing a better basis for dealing with sophisticated biological threats.

Analysis in Results Production Mode of Chinese Media Type Think-Tank

Purpose/Significance:Through the analysis in the results production mode of the Chinese media type think-tank based on the media operation structure and communication platform,found there are structure and cooperation problems of spread and research line,team cooperation and transformation problem of research and spread,research production and media production positioning problem,and spread channel widening problem,this paper tries to provide a useful suggestions for the current traditional media transformation encourage the media type think tank go abroad,raise the international influence,personalize the products,make it into Boutique,become a brand and the development strategy of the new think-tank with Chinese characteristics.Methods/Processes:analysis the results production model of media-based think tank from four aspects:category,characteristics,existing problems and development trend.Results/conclusion:the achievements of Chinese media-based think tanks will follow a new development trend through the establish of cooperative innovation system,achievements make and press system of“all media tendency”,market-oriented transformation theory,brand strategy,and exerting international influence.

Promoting Space Internationalization Development Based on QIAN Xuesen Think Tank

Today, the "division" thought of "Reductionism" makes people feel helpless and gradually recognize the consequence of the social alienation. Based on 20 years' experience in America, 28 years' practice in China's space industry, and nearly 30 years' research in his later years, QIAN Xuesen integrated the Western Reductionism with the Eastern Holism to form the QIAN Xuesen think tank thought and the Hall for Workshop of Metasynthetic Engineering from qualitative to quantitative, promoting space internationalization to play an irreplaceable role in the development of technology, engineering and industrialization.

QIAN Xuesen Think Tank to Promote the Development of Xiong'an New District

The sixth QIAN Xuesen Forum'QIAN Xuesen Think Tank to Promote the Development of Xiong’an New District'was held in Beijing on April 23,2017 before the arrival of the second Space Day.Under the guidance of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE),China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation(CASC)and the preparatory work committee of Xiong’an New District,the forum was

Construction of QIAN Xuesen's Meta-Synthetic Wisdom System and Aerospace Hall for Workshop for Meta-Synthetic Engineering

China's aerospace industry is facing a major task of increasing the reform of aerospace management system and speeding up civil-military integration, which leads to an urgent demand for new aerospace think tank products. Thankfully, with "information space" as the carrier, the "systems science" as the guidance, and QIAN Xuesen's "metasynthetic wisdom system" as the core, QIAN Xuesen think tank provides the decision support for China to develop an aerospace knowledge economy and to continuously enhance the "space soft power". In this paper, the framework of the meta-synthetic wisdom system guided by systems science is presented, the relationship between basic ideas of QIAN Xuesen think tank and meta-synthetic wisdom system is explained and the construction items of aerospace hall of the workshop for meta-synthetic engineering(aerospace HWMSE) are analyzed.

A Small “Think Tank” Integrating Foresight,Innovation,and Practicability: A Review on Practice and Reflections on Local Governments' Response to Major Natural Disasters

Practice and Reflections on Local Governments’Response to Major Natural Disasters Authors:He Zhen et al.Year:2014Publisher:People’s Publishing House ISBN:9787010137049(478 pages,in Chinese)China is a countr y with frequent occur rence of major natural disasters.Especially since the 21st century,natural disasters。

50 Years of a Think Tank

Once a small,secretive institute with the sole target of providing information services for the government,the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies(SIIS)has grown into a full-fledged academic body and one of the leading think tanks in China,and even the world,over the past five decades.Shortly before the SIIS’50th anniversary commemorative conference on July 24,SIIS President Yang Jiemian sat down with Beijing Review reporter Yan Wei to explain how the SIIS has strived to be successful academically while also serving the country’s economic development and foreign affairs needs.Edited excerpts follow

Design and implementation of international agricultural and biological engineering expert management system based on WEB mode

Agriculture and biological engineering are the foundation of agricultural modernization,and related countries have also issued relevant policies to guide the development of agriculture and biotechnology.Agricultural and biological engineering experts are the intellectual resources in the field.At present,there is less research on the management and maintenance of agricultural and biological engineering experts,and there is a lack of software systems in this area.In order to realize the management and maintenance of agricultural and biological engineering expert information,a service platform for the international agricultural and biological engineering expert system based on the B/S framework has been developed.The background of the system used C#as the development language,and the foreground used JavaScript technology and Bootstrap.The software adopted ASP.NET MVC as the web development framework and used the Entity Framework to operate the SQL Server background database.The system has the function of searching and querying agricultural and biological engineering expert information according to keywords,and implements the functions of adding,deleting,and modifying data records,and the function of generating spreadsheets and importing spreadsheet data.The development of this system provides effective management tools for the maintenance and construction of agricultural and biological engineering expert databases and lays a good foundation for the construction of agricultural and biological engineering think tanks.

Chinese Educational Policy Research:The Arduous Formation of a Research Paradigm

Purpose:Through combing the 40 years’history of the development of Chinese educational policy research,this article attempts to sort out the efforts and lessons learned by researchers in the field of education policy in China.Design/Approach/Methods:As one of the earliest scholars engaged in the study of Chinese education policy,based on the academic publications,symposia,and thematic research,the author has found efforts in four directions in the field:proposals for policy-oriented research and research-oriented policy,disciplinization-based endeavors,empirical research on theory-guided educational policy,and guidance on major educational policy research topics and a think tank for educational policy decisions.Findings:This article argues that there is now a correspondence among the ideas,themes,forms,and frameworks of the educational reform promulgated by the government in recent years that have appeared in educational policy research,but there is no clear demarcation of what makes an educational policy researcher;no stable academic community has been formed that might strive together toward the foundation of a disciplinary paradigm,the rational organization of academic ideas,and the establishment and handing over of a theoretical framework to a succeeding generation.Originality/Value:This article takes a step back to claim that a paradigm for Chinese educational policy research is still nascent in the arduous process of formulation.