Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Landscape Ecological Vulnerability in the Three-River-Source National Park Region

The increasing impact of global warming and human activities has exacerbated the ecological environment in the Three-RiverSource National Park Region(TNPR). Understanding the temporal and spatial evolution of landscape ecological vulnerability(LEV)and its influencing factors are crucial to the implementation of environmental management. Here, we aimed to: 1) construct a LEV assessment model integrating landscape structure and function;2) analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of TNPR’s LEV from 1995to 2015;3) use geographic detectors to reveal the regional influence factors of TNPR’s LEV. The main findings were: 1) grasslands, water, and bare land are important landscapes of TNPR, accounting for 98.37% of the total area. During the study period, there were significant differences in the area of different landscapes;except for desert, shrub, and urban land, the other landscape areas showed a decreasing trend. 2) During the study period, the LEV of TNPR showed a downward trend;except for grasslands, the ecological vulnerability of the other landscapes decreased steadily. Furthermore, a pattern of conversion from high to low vulnerability grade was observed in the study area. In terms of spatial distribution, the LEV level shows a trend of high at both ends(east and west) and low in the middle.3) Overall, the impact of natural factors on the ecological vulnerability of the TNPR was significantly higher than that of human factors.In conclusion, our study provides a scientific basis for landscape structure optimization and the management of regional ecological vulnerability.

Functional zoning and space management of Three-River-Source National Park

Functional zoning is a key step for the integrated planning and scientific management of a national park.Selecting the Three-River-Source National Park(TNP)as the study area,this paper establishes an evaluation system including 13 evaluation indexes which are classified into four categories,namely:ecosystem services;potential distribution of key species habitats;ecological sensitivity;and ecological resilience through the comprehensive analysis on the regional eco-environmental features in the study area.The results of the comprehensive analysis,combined with the functions and requirements of management of national parks,indicate that TNP is divided into the first-level zone(the core conservation area,the ecological restoration area and the traditional utilization area)with definite targets of space management and the second-level zone with implementation of control measures.This method of functional zoning lays a solid foundation for the scientific planning of TNP;moreover,our study provides new insights into other national parks’functional zoning.