Genetic and Correlation Analysis of Grain Characters in Three-line Hybrid Rice

Abst[Objective] This study was to understand the genetic dynamics of three-line hybrid rice, and explore the respective effect of sterile line and restoring line on grain characters of hybrid rica. [Method] Four three-line stedle lines and 27 restoring lines（cultivars） commonly culti- vated in Central China region were regarded as expadmental materials to conduct 4 x27NCII cross design, and the grain characters of three-line hybrid rico were analyzed at genetic and correlation levels. [ Result] Four characters of grain length, grain width, 1 000-grain weight and length- width ratio play the leading role in additive gene effect; these four characters were simultaneously influenced by male parent and female parent, but the effect from male parent was relatively larger. The grain length, grain width, 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio all have high brood hedtabUities（ respectively 99.65%, 98.31%, 95.27% and 98.81% ）. Correlation analysis showed that grain length was positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio at extremely significant level; 1 000-grain weight was positively correlated with grain length and length- width ratio at extremely significant level, and was insignificantly correlated with grain width; grain width was negatively correlated with grain length and length-width ratio at extremely significant level. Path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients of grain length, grain width and 1 0（30- grain weight to length-width ratio were 0.624 6, -0.555 9 and -0.015 8, respectively. [ Conclusion] This study systematically analyzed the effects of stedle line and restoring line on grain characters of hybrid rice, which provided theoretical basis for breeding high quality and yield hy- brid dce.

Reproduction of the Three-line Genic Male Sterile Line Parent Mian 7MB-1 （Brasscia Napus L.） and Seed Production of F1 Based on Somatic Tissue Culture

[Objective] The aim was to study the reproduction of the three-line genic male sterile （GMS） lineparent Mian7MB-1 （B. NapusL.） and the seed production of F1 through somatic tissue culture. [Methed] Through hybridization, a new breeding material Mian 7MB-1 in three-line genic temporary maintainer line propagated by tissue culture was used to improve the sterile plant rate of rapeseed in dual-purpose recessive GMS line, such as Mian 7AB type, S45AB type, and etc. And then the variety comparative test was performed. [Result] In order to avoid some fertility restoration phenomena occurring during the process of self-reproduction, Mian 7AB was propagated in bulk with somatic tissue culture of temporary maintainer line plant stem. The propagated temporary maintainer line seedlings were applied to the breeding and seed production of net room male sterile line parent, promoting the sterile plant rate of the male sterile line parent to 91.7% -93.5%. The male sterile line parents per hectare were enough for the seed production of hybrid F1 in 7 500 -15 000 hm^2. [ Conclusion ] Compared with the original dual-purpose GMS line, the seed production ultilizing male sterile line with high sterile plant rate greatly reduced the labor, significantly improved the seed yield, ensuring the seed quality and forming a perfect breeding and seed production system.

Technical Specification for Producing Hybrid Pepper Seed Using Three-line Male Sterility

This paper described the whole process of three line hybrid pepper seed production in detail, including requirement of the seed production base, parent culti- vation, field management, and specified the key operation techniques in seed pro- duction, such as parental impurity removal to preserve pure state, pollen collection, pollination and seed collecting essentials. This specification is of guiding significance for the production of hybrid pepper seed and ensuring the purity of hybrid pepper seed.

Studies on the Developmental Genetics of Tiller Number in Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice

Following NCI design, the developmental genetic behavior of tiller number (TN) in three-line indica hybrid rice was studied using additive-dominance developmental genetic models and the corresponding statistical methods. The results showed that dominance effects were predominant for TN. The expression of those additive effects were affected by environment and genotype interaction, but the expression of dominance effects were not affected. Heterosis was the strongest in the middle developmental periods of TN. Additive effects and dominance effects were selectively expressed throughout in the entire tillering developmental stage. Analysis of genetic correlation between TN at different stages and the productive panicles indicated that a close correlation appeared earlier in the populations with higher heterosis than in those with less heterosis. Utilization of heterosis at the middle tillering stage might enhance the final biomass but reduce the percentage of productive panicles.

Image Motion Compensation of Off-Axis TMA Three-Line ArrayAerospace Mapping Cameras

To enhance the image motion compensation accuracy of off-axis three-mirror anastigmatic( TMA)three-line array aerospace mapping cameras,a new method of image motion velocity field modeling is proposed in this paper. Firstly,based on the imaging principle of mapping cameras,an analytical expression of image motion velocity of off-axis TMA three-line array aerospace mapping cameras is deduced from different coordinate systems we established and the attitude dynamics principle. Then,the case of a three-line array mapping camera is studied,in which the simulation of the focal plane image motion velocity fields of the forward-view camera,the nadir-view camera and the backward-view camera are carried out,and the optimization schemes for image motion velocity matching and drift angle matching are formulated according the simulation results. Finally,this method is verified with a dynamic imaging experimental system. The results are indicative of that when image motion compensation for nadir-view camera is conducted using the proposed image motion velocity field model,the line pair of target images at Nyquist frequency is clear and distinguishable. Under the constraint that modulation transfer function( MTF) reduces by 5%,when the horizontal frequencies of the forward-view camera and the backward-view camera are adjusted uniformly according to the proposed image motion velocity matching scheme,the time delay integration( TDI) stages reach 6 at most. When the TDI stages are more than 6,the three groups of camera will independently undergo horizontal frequency adjustment. However, when the proposed drift angle matching scheme is adopted for uniform drift angle adjustment,the number of TDI stages will not exceed 81. The experimental results have demonstrated the validity and accuracy of the proposed image motion velocity field model and matching optimization scheme,providing reliable basis for on-orbit image motion compensation of aerospace mapping cameras.

Vision-based Localization from Three-Line Structures (TLS)

This paper presents a novel vision based localization algorithm from three-line structure ( TLS) .Two types of TLS are investigated: 1) three parallel lines ( Structure I) ; 2) two parallel lines and one orthogonal line ( Structure II) .From single image of either structure,the camera pose can be uniquely computed for vision localization.Contributions of this paper are as follows: 1 ) both TLS structures can be used as simple and practical landmarks,which are widely available in daily life; 2) the proposed algorithm complements existing localization methods,which usually use complex landmarks,especially in the partial blockage conditions; 3) compared with the general Perspective-3-Lines ( P3L) problem,camera pose can be uniquely computed from either structure.The proposed algorithm has been tested with both simulation and real image data.For a typical simulated indoor condition ( 75 cm-size landmark,less than 7.0 m landmark-to-camera distance,and 0.5-pixel image noises) ,the means of localization errors from Structure I and Structure II are less than 3.0 cm.And the standard deviations are less than 3.0 cm and 1.5 cm,respectively.The algorithm is further validated with two actual image experiments.Within a 7.5 m × 7.5 m indoor situation,the overall relative localization errors from Structure I and Structure II are less than 2.2% and 2.3% ,respectively,with about 6.0 m distance.The results demonstrate that the algorithm works well for practical vision localization.

Breeding and Seed Production Techniques of New Aromatic Danxiangyouzhenliang Rice Variety with Good Quality and High Yield

Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is a high-quality rice variety derived from the hybrid breeding of Danxiang 12A and Xianghuixiangmiao R133.Its unique temperature-sensitive three-line characteristics endow it with significant advantages of high and stable yield,and its rice fragrance is exquisite and its taste is delicate.Danxiangyouzhenliang rice showed good resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight.On June 10,2021,Danxiangyouzhenliang rice passed the Guangxi Crop Variety Approval(Guishendao 2021074).Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is suitable to be planted as early and late rice in southern,central and northern Guangxi.This study summarized the breeding process and high-yielding seed production techniques of Danxiangyouzhenliang rice,in order to provide useful reference for rice breeders and growers.

±1100 kV特高压输电塔线体系风振响应分析

为研究角度风下长横担输电塔线体系动力响应,采用有限元时程方法分析准东—华东±1100 kV特高压输电线路单塔及塔线体系风振响应。首先,利用线性滤波法计算得到三维脉动风速场,并结合准定常理论得到单塔及输电塔线体系脉动风荷载。其次,建立单塔及输电塔线体系有限元模型,利用模态分析方法计算结构的动力特性,研究导地线及长横担结构对输电塔动力特性的影响。最后,利用有限元时程方法对单塔及塔线体系进行动力分析,研究了风向角、长横担结构及塔线耦合效应等因素对结构动力响应的影响。结果表明:长横担结构会导致扭转频率降低,扭转振型出现顺序前移;塔线耦合效应降低了塔架结构自振频率,提高了结构阻尼比;根据位移均值计算结果,最不利风向角为15°和75°;根据扭转角均方根计算结果,最不利风向角为0°;单塔顺风向响应主要受背景分量和1阶振型的影响,塔线体系还受到导地线低阶共振分量的影响,扭转角主要受扭转1阶振型影响。

国土空间“三线”冲突视角下耕地管控刚性与弹性空间划定

开展耕地管控刚性与弹性空间划定,对实现粮食安全与耕地多功能利用具有重要现实意义。该研究以广西河池市辖区为例,从协调国土空间“三线”冲突发挥耕地多功能视角,基于农业-生态-城市空间的资源本底评价与未来情景模拟,运用“刚性约束”和“弹性引导”的规划思路统筹“三线”冲突区的耕地分级分类划定。研究结果表明:1)“三线”冲突视角下,耕地管控的刚性与弹性分区可划分为永久基本农田刚性管控区与生产-生态、生产-生活、生产-生态-生活复合利用弹性区;2)研究区耕地质量整体处于中等偏下水平,高质量耕地集中分布区与生态保护重要区、城镇开发边界之间冲突严重,冲突区面积达212.39 km^(2);3)冲突研判与调整融合得到2035年研究区耕地刚性管控区及三种耕地复合利用弹性区,并提出耕地刚性管制与弹性调控的分区管控措施。该研究刚性与弹性相结合的耕地管控分区有助于制定更精细化的耕地管理方案和落实耕地的多功能和可持续利用。

双碳背景下特高压电网安全防御系统设计

在当前我国特高压交直流混联电网具有“强直弱交”和电力电子化特征的双碳背景下,为有效降低电网大面积停电风险,有必要构建安全可靠的电网安全综合防御系统,确保我国电力系统安全稳定运行。在我国已有的传统三道防线基础上,确定了适应我国电网在双碳背景下的特高压交直流电网安全防御系统应具有的目标和设计原则,设计了特高压交直流电网安全防御系统的总体架构、主要功能和具体的配置方案。

贯彻总体国家安全观构建电力供应保障体系的实践探索

随着“双碳”战略的推进,新型能源体系的建设成为当前能源转型的重要任务。然而,极端天气和偶发因素的叠加给电力供应保障带来了严峻挑战。以贵州省2022年的电力供应为研究场景,探讨了在总体国家安全观的指导下,如何统筹能源发展与供应安全保障的问题。提出了一个综合的方法论,包括能源电力中长期规划、市场与行政的协同作用、电力供应三级预警机制,以及“四个坚持、五个统筹”的原则。这些措施构成了电力供应保障的三道防线,旨在确保能源转型过程中电力供应的可靠性和稳定性。研究结果表明,通过实施这些措施,可以有效地应对电力供应中的各种风险,提高电力系统的韧性。第一道防线通过中长期规划确保供需平衡和能源结构优化;第二道防线通过市场和行政的协同作用提升供应能力;第三道防线通过建立预警机制和应急体系,提高应对突发事件的能力。

“三线一单”信息系统设计与实现

为推动“三线一单”成果的共享应用,利用WebGIS、GeoServer、OpenLayers、PostgreSQL等技术,设计了“三线一单”成果数据库,开发了“三线一单”信息系统。该系统面向生态环境部门实现了“三线一单”成果的版本管理、信息共享、大屏展示、空间查询等,同时提供了空间冲突分析、项目准入分析、项目选址分析等研判分析功能,为建设项目选址、工业园区规划等提供科学参考;面向社会公众实现了“三线一单”成果的可视化展示、统计分析、信息查询等,方便社会公众了解感兴趣区域的环境管控要求,增强了参与度和获得感。

基于GTS的某尾矿库三维渗流场分析

文章采用MIDAS/GTS软件,运用初流量法,选取合适的边界条件对某尾矿坝各个分区及渗流系统包括地下水导排管、防渗膜、排水棱体、截渗坝等进行了三维有限元模拟.选取13个垂直于堆积坝坝轴线的典型剖面绘制渗流场分布图,对渗流场分布、渗流量、渗透梯度等进行计算分析,并得出合理结论,可为类似工程提供参考.

面向微束等离子选区熔化的在线检测系统

为解决微束等离子选区熔化过程中的自动化检测问题,开发出一套面向微束等离子选区熔化的在线检测系统.该系统以每一层的成形金属为研究对象,基于深度学习目标检测原理,对金属成形表面进行缺陷检测,并根据检测结果控制设备启停,确保每一层成形质量达到要求.同时,通过双目相机与线激光相配合,利用线阵扫描方式对成形表面形貌进行三维重建,并显示在自主开发的可视化软件上,实现缺陷检测和三维重建相结合的检测方案.实验结果表明,该系统能够快速、精确地检测出成形过程中产生的缺陷,实时性强、漏检率低,并可将结果及时反馈到系统,实现成形过程的主动、有效调控.

习近平生态文明思想的科学体系研究

习近平生态文明思想是以习近平同志为核心的党中央治国理政实践创新和理论创新在生态文明建设领域的集中体现,是新时代我国生态文明建设的根本遵循和行动指南。本文是国家社科基金重大项目《习近平生态文明思想的科学体系研究》首席专家,在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会之前撰写的文稿。该文以“一线三论八观”(简称138)创新引领未来为视角,深入研究了习近平生态文明思想的科学体系。同时,提出完善绿色生态的内涵和政策意涵、建构习近平生态文明思想之绿色生态度量标准、设立绿色生态学学科等观点。

新型电力系统宽频振荡防控体系架构

随着新型电力系统的建设,电力电子型设备引起的宽频电磁振荡已显著影响电网的安全稳定运行。目前解决宽频振荡的方法是针对振荡发生后的已知振荡模式,从设备级的角度采取“单点”补救措施,难以应对宽频振荡幅频时变及全局振荡的动态特性。为有效地解决宽频振荡问题,以宽频振荡动态演变过程为主线,综合现有解决方法,提出宽频振荡的防控体系架构。该架构主要是在宽频振荡不同演变阶段,采取相应预防、抑制、监控及保护等措施,从而尽可能系统性解决新型电力系统宽频振荡问题。

关于深化生态环境分区管控制度应用的若干思考

以“三线一单”为基础的生态环境分区管控制度是推动生态环境保护的重要抓手和有效手段,在应用中呈现推动国家重大战略落实、注重空间管控、强调系统管控、筑牢生态优先理念、落实陆海统筹管控5个方面的特点。但是在应用中也面临着缺乏立法支撑、环境质量底线未有具体环境要素的量化应用、在环评中衔接不足、在环境监督执法中未得到普遍落实、与国土空间规划衔接不顺畅等诸多挑战。针对性地提出建议:加快分区管控立法;强化环境质量底线研究;明确“三线一单”在环评中的适用标准;强化“三线一单”在生态环境监督执法中的效力;推进“三线一单”与国土空间规划的进一步衔接。

西北“水三线”生态经济体系与调控模式研究

在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展以及新时代推进西部大开发形成新格局的战略背景下,地跨黄河流域和内流河流域的西北“水三线”,如何顺应生态本底、资源禀赋和经济社会发展水平,落实2个重大战略,因地制宜构建区域特色的生态经济体系框架及协调发展模式,是当前亟待解决的重大问题。基于已有的生态经济理论成果,遵循“绿水青山就是金山银山”发展理念和“人与自然和谐共生”的系统理念,构建西北“水三线”生态经济体系概念框架,识别体系子系统之间的相互作用关系与作用路径,基于核心理论和基础评价,提出适应西北“水三线”生态经济系的四大发展模式和四大生态经济枢纽区建设,进行生态农业建设布局与农业发展模式总结,明确生态经济枢纽区的城乡统筹发展基本路径。研究认为西北“水三线”生态经济体系概念框架可为建设西北内陆型生态经济枢纽区及其核心模式、实现区域生态-经济协调发展提供关键理论支撑。

产品安全治理研究与实践

从产品安全治理的角度研究如何保障供应商交付安全可信的产品和服务.首先介绍产品安全的上下文,给出产品安全的定义和目标,提出产品安全是一个安全治理问题.然后建立基于三线模型的产品安全治理组织结构,描述各个组织机构的角色和职责,从组织结构上解决职责分离和利益冲突的问题.接着介绍产品安全策略的概念、框架、体系和实施方法,建立产品安全体系化建设的顶层要求,最后总结主要贡献并指出下一步的研究方向.这些研究结果已在中兴通讯的产品安全实践中得到了应用,取得了良好的治理效果。

Compact input-reflectionless balanced bandpass filter with flexible bandwidth using three-line coupled structure

A compact input-reflectionless balanced bandpass filter(BPF)with flexible bandwidth(BW)using a three-line coupled structure(TLCS)is presented in this paper.For the differential mode(DM),the TLCS is applied to achieve the bandpass response;meanwhile,the input coupled-feed line of the TLCS is reused in the input absorption network.This design shows a good fusion of the absorptive and BPF sections,effectively reducing the circuit size,and the BWs of the two sections that can be controlled separately result in a flexibly controllable DM response BW of the proposed input-reflectionless balanced BPF.Detailed analyses of the ratio of the two-part BWs have been given for the first time,which is vital for the passband flatness and reflectionless feature.In the codesign of this work,the input-reflectionless DM bandpass response can be optimized easily,while wideband common mode(CM)noise absorption is achieved by the input absorption network.To verify the design method,a prototype with a compact layout(0.52λ×0.36λ)is designed and measured in the 0-7.0 GHz range.The DM center frequency(f0)is 2.45 GHz with a measured 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 31.4%.The simulation and measurement results with good agreement are presented,showing good performance,e.g.,low insertion loss(0.43 dB),wide upper stopband for the DM bandpass response(over 20 dB rejection level up to 2.72f0),and wideband DM reflectionless and CM noise absorption(fractional absorption bandwidth of 285.7%).