This work aimed to explore the switch tendency of bicycle use between cyclists and non-cyclists.The attitude based market segmentation approach was proposed to achieve the research objective.The filed investigations w...This work aimed to explore the switch tendency of bicycle use between cyclists and non-cyclists.The attitude based market segmentation approach was proposed to achieve the research objective.The filed investigations were conducted in Nanjing,China,to obtain travelers' actions and attitudes towards bicycle uses.The structural equation modeling(SEM) was used to identify the attitudinal factors indicating variables and to explore the interrelationships among them.The SEMs were developed separately for the cyclist group and the non-cyclist group.All respondents were clustered into eight distinct segments by six selected attitudinal factors.The mode switch tendency and attitude in each segment is different from others,indicating that different segments have particular policies or strategies to encourage cycling.Policy implications that best serve the potential bicycle users were discussed to reduce the number of cyclists who have high tendency to use other modes,and increase the possibility of using bicycle in the non-cyclists group with the moderate and high switch tendency.展开更多
Objectives: To investigate the effect of lumbar interbody fusion via the oblique lateral approach (OLIF) in the treatment of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was made on 32 cases ...Objectives: To investigate the effect of lumbar interbody fusion via the oblique lateral approach (OLIF) in the treatment of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was made on 32 cases of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis treated by lumbar interbody fusion via the oblique lateral approach from July 2020 to July 2021. 14 males and 18 females;the age was (66.5 ± 11.5) years (55 - 82 years). 1) The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and complications were recorded;2) the scores of visual analog scale. VAS and Oswestry disability index (ODI) of low back pain and lower limb pain were collected before operation and at the last follow-up;by observing the imaging data, the height of the intervertebral space, the anterior convex angle of the intervertebral space, the anterior convex angle of the lumbar spine, the sagittal diameter of the dural sac and the spondylolisthesis were measured. Results: All patients successfully completed the operation, the average operation time was (103.9 ± 21.1) min, the average intraoperative bleeding volume was (72.3 ± 16.4) ml. There was no vascular injury during the operation, no infection occurred in all surgical incisions, and Class I/A healing was achieved. The VAS scores of low back pain and leg pain before operation and at the last follow-up were lower than those before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);the ODI at the last follow-up was lower than that before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, the height of intervertebral space, the height of intervertebral foramen and the sagittal diameter of dural sac were greater than those before operation, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05);the spondylolisthesis rate at the last follow-up was lower than that before operation, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Left thigh surface numbness occurred in 2 cases (6.3%) and disappeared after 1 week;Hip flexion weakness occurred in 1 case (0.03%), which recovered after 12 days;there were no complications such as retroperitoneal hematoma, ureteral injury, retrograde ejaculation, intestinal and lumbar plexus injury. Conclusion: The early clinical effect of OLIF in the treatment of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis is significant. This surgical method is minimally invasive, safe and effective, which can significantly reduce the amount of intraoperative bleeding and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. Its main working principle is to make the annulus fibrosus, posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum shrink and recover the height of the intervertebral space through decompression, loosening and stretching of the intervertebral space, so as to achieve the reduction of the slipped vertebral body, increase the height of the intervertebral foramen Enlarge the spinal canal volume and eliminate dynamic compression to play an indirect decompression role, improve the symptoms of low back and leg pain, and reconstruct the stability of the spine through interbody fusion.展开更多
An efficient algorithm for facial features extractions is proposed. The facial features we segment are the two eyes, nose and mouth. The algorithm is based on an improved Gabor wavelets edge detector, morphological ap...An efficient algorithm for facial features extractions is proposed. The facial features we segment are the two eyes, nose and mouth. The algorithm is based on an improved Gabor wavelets edge detector, morphological approach to detect the face region and facial features regions, and an improved T-shape face mask to locate the extract location of facial features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is robust against facial expression, illumination, and can be also effective if the person wearing glasses, and so on.展开更多
The role of marketing in the transit industry has undergone numerous changes in past morecomplicated. The paper identifies application of market segmentation, including its definition,characteristics, functions and l...The role of marketing in the transit industry has undergone numerous changes in past morecomplicated. The paper identifies application of market segmentation, including its definition,characteristics, functions and limitations. Its applications in transit system are extensively reviewed,including travel demand analysis, transport policy, transport planning and management, travel pattern and behavior, transit marketing and mode choices, etc.展开更多
In data mining framework, for proficient data examination recent researchers utilized branch-and-bound methods such as seriation, clustering, and feature selection. Conventional cluster search was completed with diver...In data mining framework, for proficient data examination recent researchers utilized branch-and-bound methods such as seriation, clustering, and feature selection. Conventional cluster search was completed with diverse partitioning schemes to optimize the cluster pattern. Considering image data, partitioning approaches seems to be computationally complex due to large data size, and uncertainty of number of clusters. Recent work presented a new version of branch and bound model called model selection problem, handles the clustering issues more efficiently. The existing work deployed spatially coherent sampling for generating cluster parameter candidates. But if the problem-specific bounds and/or added heuristics in the data points of the domain area get surmounted, memory overheads, specific model selection, and uncertain data points cause various clustering abnormalities. To overcome the above mentioned issues, we plan to present an Optimal Model-Selection Clustering for image data point analysis in the context of knowledge and data discovery in highly dense data points with more uncertainty. In this work, we are going to analyze the model selection clustering which is first initiated through the process of heuristic training sequences on image data points and appropriates the problem-specific characteristics. Heuristic training sequences will generate and test a set of models to determine whether the model is matched with the characteristics of the problem or not. Through the process of heuristic training sequences, we efficiently perform the model selection criteria. An experimental evaluation is conducted on the proposed model selection clustering for image data point using heuristic approach (MSCHA) with real and synthetic data sets extracted from research repositories (UCI) and performance of the proposed MSCHA is measured in terms of Data point density, Model-Selection Criteria, Cluster validity.展开更多
In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence o...In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence of situs solitus.Both cases highlight that the relationship between the two ventricles within the ventricular mass is not always harmonious with the given atrioventricular connection.Such disharmony between the connections and relationships requires careful assessment of the three basic facets of cardiac building blocks,namely their morphology,the relationship of their component parts,and their connections with the adjacent segments.3D imaging and printing can now facilitate an otherwise difficult diagnosis in such complex situations.Rotation of either the 3D images or the models permit accurate assessment of the ventricular topologic pattern by creating the right ventricular en-face septal view,thus facilitating placement of the observer’s hands.As we now emphasize,an alternative approach,which might prove more attractive to imagers,is to rotate the ventricular mass to provide the ventricular apical view,thus permitting determination of the ventricular relationship without using the hands.展开更多
可变磁阻旋转变压器由于其耐高温、受机械振动影响小、结构简单等优点广泛应用于恶劣工作环境的转子位置检测。此前工作提出了一种内定子变磁阻旋转变压器径向集成在永磁同步电机中的混合双定子电机结构,并采用改进绕组函数法(Modified ...可变磁阻旋转变压器由于其耐高温、受机械振动影响小、结构简单等优点广泛应用于恶劣工作环境的转子位置检测。此前工作提出了一种内定子变磁阻旋转变压器径向集成在永磁同步电机中的混合双定子电机结构,并采用改进绕组函数法(Modified winding function approach,MWFA)对其磁场分布和电磁参数进行解析分析。然而,解析计算得到的气隙磁通密度在槽开口处与有限元分析结果相比仍存在偏差。为此,提出分段绕组函数法(Segmented winding function method,SWFM),通过考虑磁场和绕组的实际分布,对气隙和线圈匝数函数进行分段处理,进一步提高解析计算结果的精确性。利用该方法计算气隙磁通密度和励磁绕组自感,并将SWFM和MWFA结果与有限元分析进行对比,验证所提方法的有效性。展开更多
基金Projects(51208256,51178157)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012-K5-13)supported by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China
文摘This work aimed to explore the switch tendency of bicycle use between cyclists and non-cyclists.The attitude based market segmentation approach was proposed to achieve the research objective.The filed investigations were conducted in Nanjing,China,to obtain travelers' actions and attitudes towards bicycle uses.The structural equation modeling(SEM) was used to identify the attitudinal factors indicating variables and to explore the interrelationships among them.The SEMs were developed separately for the cyclist group and the non-cyclist group.All respondents were clustered into eight distinct segments by six selected attitudinal factors.The mode switch tendency and attitude in each segment is different from others,indicating that different segments have particular policies or strategies to encourage cycling.Policy implications that best serve the potential bicycle users were discussed to reduce the number of cyclists who have high tendency to use other modes,and increase the possibility of using bicycle in the non-cyclists group with the moderate and high switch tendency.
文摘Objectives: To investigate the effect of lumbar interbody fusion via the oblique lateral approach (OLIF) in the treatment of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was made on 32 cases of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis treated by lumbar interbody fusion via the oblique lateral approach from July 2020 to July 2021. 14 males and 18 females;the age was (66.5 ± 11.5) years (55 - 82 years). 1) The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and complications were recorded;2) the scores of visual analog scale. VAS and Oswestry disability index (ODI) of low back pain and lower limb pain were collected before operation and at the last follow-up;by observing the imaging data, the height of the intervertebral space, the anterior convex angle of the intervertebral space, the anterior convex angle of the lumbar spine, the sagittal diameter of the dural sac and the spondylolisthesis were measured. Results: All patients successfully completed the operation, the average operation time was (103.9 ± 21.1) min, the average intraoperative bleeding volume was (72.3 ± 16.4) ml. There was no vascular injury during the operation, no infection occurred in all surgical incisions, and Class I/A healing was achieved. The VAS scores of low back pain and leg pain before operation and at the last follow-up were lower than those before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);the ODI at the last follow-up was lower than that before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, the height of intervertebral space, the height of intervertebral foramen and the sagittal diameter of dural sac were greater than those before operation, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05);the spondylolisthesis rate at the last follow-up was lower than that before operation, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Left thigh surface numbness occurred in 2 cases (6.3%) and disappeared after 1 week;Hip flexion weakness occurred in 1 case (0.03%), which recovered after 12 days;there were no complications such as retroperitoneal hematoma, ureteral injury, retrograde ejaculation, intestinal and lumbar plexus injury. Conclusion: The early clinical effect of OLIF in the treatment of single level lumbar spondylolisthesis is significant. This surgical method is minimally invasive, safe and effective, which can significantly reduce the amount of intraoperative bleeding and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. Its main working principle is to make the annulus fibrosus, posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum shrink and recover the height of the intervertebral space through decompression, loosening and stretching of the intervertebral space, so as to achieve the reduction of the slipped vertebral body, increase the height of the intervertebral foramen Enlarge the spinal canal volume and eliminate dynamic compression to play an indirect decompression role, improve the symptoms of low back and leg pain, and reconstruct the stability of the spine through interbody fusion.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60772066)
文摘An efficient algorithm for facial features extractions is proposed. The facial features we segment are the two eyes, nose and mouth. The algorithm is based on an improved Gabor wavelets edge detector, morphological approach to detect the face region and facial features regions, and an improved T-shape face mask to locate the extract location of facial features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is robust against facial expression, illumination, and can be also effective if the person wearing glasses, and so on.
文摘The role of marketing in the transit industry has undergone numerous changes in past morecomplicated. The paper identifies application of market segmentation, including its definition,characteristics, functions and limitations. Its applications in transit system are extensively reviewed,including travel demand analysis, transport policy, transport planning and management, travel pattern and behavior, transit marketing and mode choices, etc.
文摘In data mining framework, for proficient data examination recent researchers utilized branch-and-bound methods such as seriation, clustering, and feature selection. Conventional cluster search was completed with diverse partitioning schemes to optimize the cluster pattern. Considering image data, partitioning approaches seems to be computationally complex due to large data size, and uncertainty of number of clusters. Recent work presented a new version of branch and bound model called model selection problem, handles the clustering issues more efficiently. The existing work deployed spatially coherent sampling for generating cluster parameter candidates. But if the problem-specific bounds and/or added heuristics in the data points of the domain area get surmounted, memory overheads, specific model selection, and uncertain data points cause various clustering abnormalities. To overcome the above mentioned issues, we plan to present an Optimal Model-Selection Clustering for image data point analysis in the context of knowledge and data discovery in highly dense data points with more uncertainty. In this work, we are going to analyze the model selection clustering which is first initiated through the process of heuristic training sequences on image data points and appropriates the problem-specific characteristics. Heuristic training sequences will generate and test a set of models to determine whether the model is matched with the characteristics of the problem or not. Through the process of heuristic training sequences, we efficiently perform the model selection criteria. An experimental evaluation is conducted on the proposed model selection clustering for image data point using heuristic approach (MSCHA) with real and synthetic data sets extracted from research repositories (UCI) and performance of the proposed MSCHA is measured in terms of Data point density, Model-Selection Criteria, Cluster validity.
文摘In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence of situs solitus.Both cases highlight that the relationship between the two ventricles within the ventricular mass is not always harmonious with the given atrioventricular connection.Such disharmony between the connections and relationships requires careful assessment of the three basic facets of cardiac building blocks,namely their morphology,the relationship of their component parts,and their connections with the adjacent segments.3D imaging and printing can now facilitate an otherwise difficult diagnosis in such complex situations.Rotation of either the 3D images or the models permit accurate assessment of the ventricular topologic pattern by creating the right ventricular en-face septal view,thus facilitating placement of the observer’s hands.As we now emphasize,an alternative approach,which might prove more attractive to imagers,is to rotate the ventricular mass to provide the ventricular apical view,thus permitting determination of the ventricular relationship without using the hands.
文摘可变磁阻旋转变压器由于其耐高温、受机械振动影响小、结构简单等优点广泛应用于恶劣工作环境的转子位置检测。此前工作提出了一种内定子变磁阻旋转变压器径向集成在永磁同步电机中的混合双定子电机结构,并采用改进绕组函数法(Modified winding function approach,MWFA)对其磁场分布和电磁参数进行解析分析。然而,解析计算得到的气隙磁通密度在槽开口处与有限元分析结果相比仍存在偏差。为此,提出分段绕组函数法(Segmented winding function method,SWFM),通过考虑磁场和绕组的实际分布,对气隙和线圈匝数函数进行分段处理,进一步提高解析计算结果的精确性。利用该方法计算气隙磁通密度和励磁绕组自感,并将SWFM和MWFA结果与有限元分析进行对比,验证所提方法的有效性。
