Research on Verification Method of Motor Startups in Nuclear Power Plants Based on Topology Recognition

There are many motors in operation or on standby in nuclear power plants,and the startup of group motors will have a great impact on the voltage of the emergency bus.At present,there is no special or inexpensive software to solve this problem,and the experience of engineers is not accurate enough.Therefore,this paper developed a method and system for the startup calculation of group motors in nuclear power plants and proposed an automatic generation method of circuit topology in nuclear power plants.Each component in the topology was given its unique number,and the component class could be constructed according to its type and upper and lower connections.The subordination and topology relationship of switches,buses,and motors could be quickly generated by the program according to the component class,and the simplified direct power flow algorithm was used to calculate the power flow for the startup of group motors according to the above relationship.Then,whether the bus voltage is in the safe range and whether the voltage exceeds the limit during the startup of the group motor could be judged.The practical example was used to verify the effectiveness of the method.Compared with other professional software,the method has high efficiency and low cost.

ZnO micro-nano composite hydrophobic film prepared by the three-step method

The hydrophobicity of the lotus leaf is mainly due to its surface micro-nano composite structure. In order to mimic the lotus structure, ZnO micro-nano composite hydrophobic films were prepared via the three-step method. On thin buffer films of SiO2, which were first fabricated on glass substrates by the so,gel dip-coating method, a ZnO seed layer was deposited via RF magnetron sputtering. Then two different ZnO films, micro-nano and micro-only flowerlike structures, were grown by the hydrothermal method. The prepared films have different hydrophobic properties after surface modification. The structures of the obtained ZnO films were characterized using x-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. A conclusion that a micro-nano composite structure is more beneficial to hydrophobicity than a micro-only structure was obtained through research into the effect of structure on hydrophobic properties.

General Convergence Analysis for Three-step Projection Methods and Applications to Variational Problems

First a general model for a three-step projection method is introduced, and second it has been applied to the approximation solvability of a system of nonlinear variational inequality problems in a Hilbert space setting. Let H be a real Hilbert space and K be a nonempty closed convex subset of H. For arbitrarily chosen initial points x0, y0, z0 ∈ K, compute sequences xn, yn, zn such thatT ： K→ H is a nonlinear mapping onto K. At last three-step models are applied to some variational inequality problems.

逐级加压启动时机对电动硅化法加固软黏土影响

逐级加压法可以有效提高电渗后期处理效果,降低能耗。本实验采用逐级加压的方式对电动硅化法进行优化,以解决电动硅化法中实验后期排水速率低、实验能耗大、电极腐蚀严重等问题。设置4组不同逐级加压启动时间实验研究最佳的逐级加压启动时机,对实验过程中电流、排水量进行监测,分析实验结束后土体的沉降量、含水率、抗剪强度,并计算各实验过程中的能耗系数,深入探究不同加压启动时机对电渗处理效果的影响。结果表明:逐级加压的通电方式可以有效提高电渗处理效果,并且逐级加压存在最佳的加压时机,当电流下降至峰值电流的60%时加压可以有效提高电渗的排水量,增大土体整体抗剪强度,土体均匀性较好,降低实验后期能耗系数。

Study on the wind field and pollutant dispersion in street canyons using a stable numerical method

A stable finite element method for the time dependent Navier-Stokes equations was used for studying the wind flow and pollutant dispersion within street canyons. A three-step fractional method was used to solve the velocity field and the pressure field separately from the governing equations. The Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin(SUPG) method was used to get stable numerical results. Numerical oscillation was minimized and satisfactory results can be obtained for flows at high Reynolds numbers. Simulating the flow over a square cylinder within a wide range of Reynolds numbers validates the wind field model. The Strouhal numbers obtained from the numerical simulation had a good agreement with those obtained from experiment. The wind field model developed in the present study is applied to simulate more complex flow phenomena in street canyons with two different building configurations. The results indicated that the flow at rooftop of buildings might not be assumed parallel to the ground as some numerical modelers did. A counter-clockwise rotating vortex may be found in street canyons with an inflow from the left to right. In addition, increasing building height can increase velocity fluctuations in the street canyon under certain circumstances, which facilitate pollutant dispersion. At high Reynolds numbers, the flow regimes in street canyons do not change with inflow velocity.

Application of CLEAR-VOF method to wave and flow simulations

A two-dimensional numerical model based on the Navier-Stokes equations and computational Lagrangian-Eulerian advection remap-volume of fluid （CLEAR-VOF） method was developed to simulate wave and flow problems. The Navier-Stokes equations were discretized with a three-step finite element method that has a third-order accuracy. In the CLEAR-VOF method, the VOF function F was calculated in the Lagrangian manner and allowed the complicated free surface to be accurately captured. The propagation of regular waves and solitary waves over a flat bottom, and shoaling and breaking of solitary waves on two different slopes were simulated with this model, and the numerical results agreed with experimental data and theoretical solutions. A benchmark test of dam-collapse flow was also simulated with an unstructured mesh, and the capability of the present model for wave and flow simulations with unstructured meshes, was verified. The results show that the model is effective for numerical simulation of wave and flow problems with both structured and unstructured meshes.

无刷直流电机启动过程仿真研究

研究无刷电机启动优化稳定性控制问题,在无刷直流电机启动过程中,预定位阶段转子到达平衡位置时会出现震荡现象,加速阶段电机换相时间曲线难以确定,电机启动的稳定性变差。为了使电机能够快速平稳启动,提出用三段式启动方式,采用一种电机外加电压逐渐增加的转子预定位方法。首先利用Park变换和Clark变换对转子预定位过程进行数学建模分析,同时对强推加速阶段进行仿真。仿真结果可以表明方法可以使转子平稳旋转到平衡位置,并通过研究换相时,减小了对启动过程的影响,为实际无刷直流电机优化控制设计提供理论依据。

汽机调节阀阀体三维瞬态温度场及应力场分析

提出阀门阀体有限元建模的有效方法 ;采用结构分析有限元方法 ,对国产 12 5MW汽轮机主蒸汽调节阀阀体冷态、温态、热态启停工况的温度场、热应力场、机械应力场、综合应力场进行了分析计算 ,得出了关键点在冷态启停工况详细的温度场及其对应的热应力场的变化规律 ,并给出了阀体在机组温态、热态启停工况下的应力场的计算结果 ;

低渗透储层井网与压裂整体设计中的产量计算

基于低速非达西渗流基本公式,运用单元分析法及流线积分方法推导出了矩形井网与压裂一体化模式的产量和启动系数计算公式,简称为ND-Ⅱ法。分析了裂缝长度、井排距对产量及储层动用状况的影响,从理论上阐明了对于低渗透储层采用矩形井网与压裂一体化开发模式比传统的面积井网更加有效,明确了压裂不单是一种增产措施更是一种改变渗流场的开发手段。文中所建立的计算方法可应用于低渗透储层矩形井网与压裂一体化开采模式的井网几何参数设计、产量计算以及储层动用程度评价。

平板式CPL蒸发器启动特性研究

在对CPL启动过程分析的基础上,采用数值分析方法研究了平板式蒸发器的启动特征,并将数值计算结果和试验结果进行了比较,结果表明计算结果与实验结果较吻合。还研究了不同的平板式蒸发器结构对系统启动性能的影响,而且提出了改善CPL系统蒸发器的启动性能以及增强系统的稳定性的一些方法及措施。

基于逐级叠加法的航空发动机起动模型研究

建立起动过程数学模型的主要困难在于缺少发动机低转速部件特性。提出一种逐级叠加与试验数据相结合的方法计算低转速部件特性,并综合考虑了燃烧室效率变化和部件的热惯性对起动过程的影响,成功地把发动机慢车以上的部件法建模应用到发动机起动过程的性能模拟。通过对某型涡轴发动机仿真结果与试验数据的对比表明,这种低转速部件特性的计算方法具有一定的精度,建立的起动模型可满足研究起动供油规律及估算起动性能的需要。

高压共轨柴油机起动过程喷射控制参数的匹配研究

高压共轨系统起动过程控制参数多,控制自由度大,对控制参数的匹配标定和优化是一项复杂且耗时的工作。在外界温度11℃、大气压力100 kPa的条件下,以降低HC排放和缩短起动时间为优化目标,采用正交试验法对1台高压共轨柴油机起动过程的喷射控制参数进行了匹配研究。通过分析正交试验结果,确定起动油量和主喷提前角的影响最大,其余的参数影响相对较小,并得到了喷射控制参数的优化组合:起动油量20 mg/cyc、主喷射提前角上止点前10°CA、共轨油压30 MPa、预喷油量2 mg/cyc、预喷时间2 000μs。试验证明采用正交试验方法可以提高匹配优化效率。

A/O生物膜法处理低碳源污水挂膜启动研究

研究了A/O生物膜法处理低碳源污水的挂膜启动过程,寻求挂膜完成的简便、快速、合理的方法。结果表明:1实验对组合填料为载体的A/O工艺进行挂膜启动,依据南方低碳源污水C/N比较低的特性,采用"快速排泥法",反应器分开挂膜过程历时15 d,启动过程历时25 d;2在低碳源的情况下,A/O生物膜反应器连续运行25 d,稳定运行时对COD、NH_4^+-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为86.2%,84.4%,45%和12.8%,出水水质除TP外,可达GB18918—2002国家一级A排放标准;3挂膜完成时,镜检可见反应器填料上附着大量菌胶团以及轮虫、钟虫等微型动物,构成结构完整、种群丰富、功能稳定的生态系统。

高压共轨柴油机起动过程特点与优化方法的研究

提出了高压共轨柴油机起动过程中的共轨压力建立、转速升高过程和动态烟度三方面的特点,并以排气烟度为优化目标,提出了按转速进行分阶段考察和采用正交试验方法对起动过程喷油参数进行标定和优化的方法。试验是在一台6缸6HK1高压共轨柴油机上进行的。

发电-电动机定子线棒启停过程中的热应力分析

发电-电动机频繁启停、变换运行工况的工作特性带来了电机内部频繁变化的温度与热应力,对电机的安全可靠性不利。电机的冷却方式与电机内部温度与热应力直接相关。该文采用理论分析与有限元仿真计算相结合的方法,分析了发电-电动机由停机冷态启动至额定运行的过程中,空冷与蒸发冷却两种冷却方案下电机定子线棒上的温度与热应力。为确保仿真结果的可信度,作者对国内某300MW发电-电动机运行数据进行了调研,并补充测定了真空压力浸渍绝缘的材料性能参数。研究结果表明,将蒸发冷却技术应用于发电-电动机中,可以有效降低电机负荷变化给电机定子线棒所带来的温度与热应力波动,有利于提高发电-电动机长期安全运行可靠性。

Autorun病毒启动机理分析及其根治方法研究

针对目前最流行的各种Autorun病毒,充分分析了其启动机理,针对病毒的结构特征和自动运行条件,提出了编辑组策略、编辑注册表、禁止自动读取和执行及防止分区根目录下生成带病毒执行文件等防御措施,在此基础上进一步提出了根治目前此类病毒的方法.

基于流线积分法的注水井网非稳态产量模型

低渗透油藏注水开发通常表现为油水两相非达西渗流,基于达西定律推导的计算方法不再适用。根据流线积分法基本原理,考虑启动压力梯度的影响,推导了单根流管中油水前缘突破前后的产量计算公式,然后引入面积井网注水开发过程中启动角的计算方法,最终通过建立数值积分可以得到不同井网形式下的非稳态产量计算模型。对比了模型计算结果与油田实际生产数据,证实了模型的可靠性,能够满足油田现场产量预测的要求。运用该模型计算并探讨了启动压力梯度、井网形式及生产压差对油井生产动态的影响,发现启动压力梯度对油井生产影响大,在开发指标预测过程中不能忽略;五点井网产量高、递减慢,在条件允许的情况下应该尽量采用五点井网;合理提高生产压差能够提高采油速度,缩短油田开发周期,开发效果好。

光纤陀螺寻北启动误差抑制方法研究

针对光纤陀螺的寻北启动误差导致寻北精度降低的问题,通过数值仿真分析,总结了光纤陀螺寻北启动误差的特性,得到了寻北启动误差与漂移率和方位角的关系。在传统四位置寻北方法的基础上,提出了一种改进的四位置寻北方法,可以抑制光纤陀螺寻北启动误差。寻北验证试验结果表明:与传统方法相比,提出的新方法首次寻北误差降低了80%,基本消除了光纤陀螺寻北启动误差,可以显著提高光纤陀螺的寻北精度。

车用无刷直流电机启动过程策略及仿真

对于无位置传感器无刷直流电机(Brushless DC Motor,BDCM)的启动控制而言,其核心在于观测或估计电机定子绕组电感参数,并根据其与转子的位置关系来实现电机的正确启动。首先简要介绍电感法原理,并分析电感参数随转子位置变化的规律,然后制定基于电感变化规律的脉冲注入法控制策略,最后建立了一种基于Matlab/Simulink,Ansoft Simplorer和Ansoft Maxwell的多软件联合仿真模型,对提出的控制策略进行仿真验证,仿真结果准确可靠。

低渗透油藏油水两相渗流的增维精细积分法

采用增维精细积分法对低渗透油藏油、水两相耦合渗流进行了模拟分析。首先,根据有限差分原理建立了以网格节点孔隙流体压力表示的状态方程,然后根据增维精细积分法建立了求解网格节点孔隙流体压力的递推公式以及显式求解饱和度的计算公式。最后,以典型五点面积注水开发为例,分别采用增维精细积分法和常规的IMPES法进行数值模拟,由两种方法所得的计算结果吻合很好。同时,研究了启动压力梯度对含水率和采油量的影响规律。结果表明,启动压力梯度对含水率和采油量的影响显著,启动压力梯度的存在增加了石油开采的难度。