Photocatalytic activity and kinetics for acid yellow degradation over surface composites of TiO_2-coated activated carbon under different photocatalytic conditions

TiO2-coated activated carbon surface （TAs） composites were prepared by a sol-gel method with supercritical pretreatment. The photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow （AY） was investigated under UV radiation to estimate activity of catalysts and determine the kinetics. And the effects of parameters including the initial concentration of AY, light intensity and TiO2 content in catalysts were examined. The results indicate that TAs has a higher efficiency in decomposition of AY than P25, pure TiO2 particles as well as the mixture of TiO2 powder and active carbon. The photocatalytic degradation rate is found to follow the pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to the AY concentration. The new kinetic model fairly resembles the classic Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, and the rate constant is proportional to the square root of the light intensity in a wide range. However, its absorption performance depends on the surface areas of catalysts. The model fits quite well with the experimental data and elucidates phenomena about the effects of the TiO2 content in TAs on the degradation rate.

Photocatalytic Characterization of TiO_2 Supported on Active Carbon

The Photocatalytic characterization of TiO2 supported on active carbon was investigated for photocatalytic decomposition of dichloroacetic acid. It was found that TiO2 / AC exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2. The reason is that active carbon acting as powerful adsorbent supports makes high concentration environments of organic pollutant molecules around TiO2 particles.

Preparation of spherical activated carbon-supported and Er^(3+):YAlO_3-doped TiO_2 photocatalyst for methyl orange degradation under visible light

In order to develop the high photocatalytic activity of TiO2 under visible light as that under ultraviolet light and make it easy to be separated from treated liquor, a visible light response and spherical activated carbon （SAC） supported photocatalyst doped with upconversion luminescence agent Er3＋：YAlO3 was prepared by immobilizing Er3＋：YAlO3/TiO2, which was obtained by combination of Er3＋：YAlO3 and TiO2 using sol-gel method, on the surface of SAC. The crystal phase composition, surface structure and element distribution, and light absorption of the new photocatalysts were examined by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersive X-ray spectra （EDS） analysis, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and fluorescence spectra analysis （FSA）. The photocatalytic oxidation activity of the photocatalysts was also evaluated by the photodegradation of methyl orange （MO） in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation from a LED lamp （λ400 nm）. The results showed that Er3＋：YAlO3 could perform as the upconversion luminescence agent which converts the visible light up to ultraviolet light. The Er3＋：YAlO3/TiO2 calcinated at 700 °C revealed the highest photocatalytic activity. The apparent reaction rate constant could reach 0.0197 min-1 under visible light irradiation.

Photocatalytic degradation of L- acid by TiO_2 supported on the activated carbon

TiO2 sol was prepared by sol-gel technique with tetrabutyl titanate as precursor. Supported TiO2 catalysts on activated carbon were prepared by soak and sintering method. The aggregation of nano-TiO2 particles can be effectively suppressed by added polyethylene glycol （PEG） as a surface modifier. The average particle diameter of TiO2, specific surface area and absorbability of catalyst can be modified. Based on characteristics of the TiO2 photocatalyst with XRD, specific surface area, adsorption valves of methylene blue and the amount of TiO2 supported on the activated carbon, the photocatalytic degradation of L-acid was studied. The effect of the factors, such as pH of the solution, the initial concentration of L-acid on the photocatalytic degradation of L-acid, were studied also. It was found that when the pH of the solution is 1.95, the amount of photocatalyst is 0.5 g, the concentration of the L-acid solution is 1.34×10^3 mol/L and the illumination time is 7 h, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of L-acid can reach 89,88%, The catalyst was reused 6 times and its degradation efficiency hardly changed.

Construction of Hierarchical Nanostructured N-doped TiO2 Immobilized Activated Carbon Fiber Porous Composites for Toluene Removal

The hierarchical nanostructured N-doped TiO2 immobilized activated carbon fiber(N-TiO2/ACF)porous composites are fabricated to removal dynamic toluene gas.The results show that nitrogen ions doping and ACF modification can decrease the band gap of TiO2,leading to red shift toward visible light region.Interestingly,N-TiO2/ACF exhibits strongly synergistic effect owing to high surface area,good crystallinity,enhanced bandgap structure and light harvesting.The toluene removal rate of N-TiO2/ACF composites is 2.29 times higher than that of TiO2.The N-TiO2/ACF for toluene degradation followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model,and the rate constant is enhanced 8 times compared with TiO2.The possible photodegradation pathway and mechanisms are proposed.

A Novel High Active TiO_2/AC Composite Photocatalyst Prepared by Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Method

A high active novel TiO2/AC composite photocatalyst was prepared and used for phenol degradation. It was much more active than P-25 and exhibiting good decantability, less deactivation after several runs and less sensitive to pH change. Diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS） revealed that the electronic change in TiO2 did not occur by the addition of AC. Results of SEM and XRD suggested that better TiO2 distribution can be achieved when optimal AC content was adopted. The performance of the prepared TiO2/5AC catalyst revealed great practical potential in wastewater treatment field.

Influence of H-Type and L-Type Activated Carbon in the Photodegradation of Methylene Blue and Phenol under UV and Visible Light Irradiated TiO₂

Photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and phenol (Ph) on TiO2 in presence of H-type and L-type activated carbons (AC) was studied. Photodegradation of MB and Ph were studied under two different lamps and results were compared against those obtained on a commercial TiO2. Apparent first order rate constant for the degradation of MB was higher in presence of any AC in comparison of TiO2 alone while only in presence of ACco2-800phenol was photodegradated in shorter irradiation time than that required by TiO2. It can be concluded that TiO2 enhances its photoactivity by a factor up to 8.7 in the degradation of MB in presence of AC and this effect is associated to the specific surface properties of AC.

活性碳载体对TiO_2光催化降解Cl_2CHCOOH性能的影响

研究了活性碳 (AC)载体对TiO2 光催化降解Cl2 CHCOOH性能的影响 .结果表明 ,加入AC载体能提高TiO2 的光催化反应速度 ,而且AC加入方法及含量有明显影响 .本文探讨了TiO2

TiO_2/Ag型抗菌活性碳纤维的制备和性能表征

采用涂覆和焙烧的简便方法 ,将载银二氧化钛 (TiO2 Ag)均匀地沉积在活性碳纤维表面。利用扫描电镜、氮气吸脱附等对活性碳纤维结构进行表征 ,研究发现活性碳纤维的微孔结构、活性碳纤维的高吸附性能基本保持不变。利用改良抑菌圈法研究了这类TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌和链球菌的杀灭效果。结果表明 ,因Ag和TiO2 相互协同作用 ,TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维的抗菌性大大提高 ,当Ag含量为 0 .5 %时 ,在 37°C培养 4小时后 ,TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌就有很强的抗菌能力。由于TiO2 特殊的光催化特性 ,使TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维不仅适用于水的净化抗菌处理 ,更适用于空气的净化抗菌处理。

活性炭载体对TiO_2/AC光催化降解苯酚影响研究

分别以典型煤基活性炭和椰壳活性炭为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/AC复合光催化剂,采用低温氮气吸附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜等对其性能进行了表征,分析了活性炭载体对复合光催化剂性能的影响。结果表明:TiO2在椰壳活性炭载体上的负载率高于煤基活性炭,TiO2负载使椰壳活性炭的比表面积和微孔容明显减小,TiO2溶胶对微孔的堵塞作用显著,煤基复合光催化剂对苯酚的吸附和光催化效果优于椰壳复合光催化剂。

超临界乙醇流体制取活性炭-TiO_2光催化剂复合材料的研究

研究表明 :在超临界乙醇流体介质下钛酸异丙酯能有效地分解成具光催化活性的锐钛矿型TiO2 粒子 ,同时产生的TiO2 粒子可与活性炭融合成一体 ,形成的活性炭 TiO2 光催化剂复合材料具很好的光催化活性与吸附作用 ,而且具有的协同效应优于活性炭与TiO2

负载TiO_2催化降解乙萘酚

采用负载于活性炭载体上的TiO2 为催化剂 ,研究了在 2 5 0W高压汞灯照射下溶液中乙萘酚的光催化降解方法 ,探讨了不同负载次数、不同初始浓度、不同pH和光照时间对乙萘酚光催化降解效果的影响 .

微波强化TiO_2/AC光催化剂的制备及其光催化活性的研究

目的研究微波强化活性炭负载型TiO_2催化剂的光催化活性,确定催化剂的最佳制备条件.方法在自制的紫外光催化反应器中,以活性艳红X-3B染料水样的脱色率为参数,设计并讨论了微波辐射时间、微波功率及催化剂负载次数等单因素对光催化剂制备及其物理化学性质的影响.结果微波强化TiO_2/AC光催化剂的最佳制备条件为微波功率520 W,微波辐射时间1. 5 min,负载次数3次,其处理活性艳红X-3B染料水样的脱色率可达95. 6%.结论微波辐射制备的光催化剂表面存在较多的缺陷和较丰富表面羟基,提高了TiO_2表面电子-空穴对的分离效率,提高了光催化降解的效率.

颗粒活性炭负载TiO_2薄膜的制备与性能研究

研究了溶胶 -凝胶法制备以颗粒活性炭为载体的 Ti O2 膜 (Ti O2 /GAC) .通过筛选膜组成和考察各组成的相对含量 ,确定了溶胶 -凝胶体系的最佳组成 ;通过考察涂层次数、涂层方式、煅烧温度、保温时间等因素的影响 ,确定了涂膜工艺的最佳方案 .对所制备的负载 Ti O2 的活性炭进行了吸附性能和光催化降解性能考察 .结果表明 ,涂膜之后的活性炭具有良好的光催化降解性能 ,且原有的吸附性能受影响甚小 .膜稳定性试验表明 ,历经 1 0 h (每小时 1次 ) H2 SO4/Na OH洗涤 ,碱洗使光催化降解性能有所下降 。

活性炭负载的TiO2对蔬菜中残留乐果的光催化降解作用

探讨了活性炭(AC)负载的TiO2对蔬菜中残留的农药乐果的光催化降解作用。采用Sol-Gel法在酸性条件下制备TiO2和AC负载的TiO2(TiO2/AC),并用钼酸铵分光光度法测定光催化降解前后乐果溶液的浓度。结果表明,室温下TiO2降解乐果的最适时间为4 h,最适TiO2质量浓度为1000 mg/L,最适降解pH为11。AC负载的TiO2复合物显著提高了TiO2对乐果的降解率;在复合物中,每30 mL TiO2溶胶中AC的最佳加入量为1 g;负载型复合物的降解作用对蔬菜的营养成分影响不大。由此得出结论:负载型AC/TiO2复合物能更有效地降低乐果的残留。

Computational Study on Interactions between CO2 and （TiO2）n Clusters at Specific Sites

The energetic pathways of adsorption and activation of carbon dioxide (CO2) on low-lying compact (TiO2)n clusters are systematically investigated by using electronic structure calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT). Our calculated results show that CO2 is adsorbed preferably on the bridge O atom of the clusters, forming a "chemisorption" carbonate complex, while the CO is adsorbed preferably to the Ti atom of terminal Ti-O.The computed carbonate vibrational frequency values are in good agreement with the results obtained experimentally, which suggests that CO2 in the complex is distorted slightly from its undeviating linear configuration. In addition, the analyses of electronic parameters, electronic density, ionization potential, HOMO-LUMO gap, and density of states(DOS) confirm the charge transfer and interaction between CO2 and the cluster. From the predicted energy profiles, CO2 can be easily adsorbed and activated, while the activation of CO2 on (TiO2)n clusters are structure-dependent and energetically more favorable than that on the bulk TiO2. Overall, this study critically highlights how the small (TiO2)n clusters can influence the CO2 adsorption and activation which are the critical steps for CO2 reduction the surface of a catalyst and subsequent conversion into industrially relevant chemicals and fuels.

Preparation of TiO_2/activated carbon with Fe ions doping photocatalyst and its application to photocatalytic degradation of reactive brilliant red K2G

Titanium dioxide coated on activated carbon(AC) with Fe ions doping(Fe-TiO2/AC) composite was prepared by an improved sol-gel method.The photocatalytic activities were tested by photocatalytic degradation of reactive brilliant red K2G in solution.The results show that in comparison with the agglomeration of pure TiO2,the TiO2 nanoparticles are well dispersed in the AC matrix,of which sizes are decreased with Fe ions doping.Additionally,the iron species on TiO2 of composite are Fe2O3 and FeO,which do not affect the crystalline structures of TiO2 nanoparticles.The AC matrix and iron doping content influence the fluorescence intensity of composite due to their effects on recombination probability of hole-electron pairs.Compared with TiO2,0.3% Fe-TiO2,TiO2/AC,0.5% Fe-TiO2/AC and 0.1% Fe-TiO2/AC,the 0.3% Fe-TiO2/AC shows the highest photoactivity with the complete mineralization of K2G for finite time due to the optimum Fe ions content and AC matrix.Furthermore,the kinetic constant(k=0.0229 min-1) of 0.3% Fe-TiO2/AC composite is more than the sum of both TiO2/AC(0.0154 min-1) and 0.3% Fe-TiO2(0.0057 min-1) because coexistence of the AC and Fe ions has an enlarging effect on improving the photoactivity of TiO2.

TiO_2-loaded activated carbon fiber:Hydrothermal synthesis,adsorption properties and photo catalytic activity under visible light irradiation

TiO2-loaded activated carbon fibers （ACF） were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrometry and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）. SEM images showed that the TiO2 nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of ACF, and the particle size and loading amount of TiO2 were varied by changing the initial concentration of tetrabutyl titanate （TBOT）. The results of an ash experiment showed that the loading amounts of TiO2 were 18.4%, 43.3%, 52.5%, 75.1%, and 91.1% for initial concentrations of TBOT of 0.07,014, 0.21,0.28, and 0.35 tool/L, respectively, Physical interactions played an important role in the formation of TiO2/ACF composite fibers that absorb UV and visible light. Compared with those of ACF, improved adsorption and photocatalytic activity toward Rhodamine B （RhB） were observed for TiO2/ACF composite fiber. The Rhodamine B could be removed efficiently by TiO2/ACF composite fibers, and the TiO2 loading amount had a significant effect on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/ACF composite fibers.

Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds by Adsorption and Photocatalytic Oxydation

Based on the study of equilibrium adsorption on viscose rayon-based activated carbon fiber （ACF） by gravimetric method, mounting of TiO2 on PAN-based activated carbon cloth （ACC） and their photocatalytic activity as well as adsorption performance for benzene were investigated. The crystallinity of TiO2 and pore structure were characterized by XRD and N2 adsorption. The results show that crystallinity of TiO2 and pore structure could be postulated by heat treatment condition. Both crystallinity of TiO2 and pore structure of hybrid have effects on photocatalytic performance of TiO2-mounted ACC. It would be more attractive and prospective for the combination of TiO2 photocatalytic activity and adsorption ability of porous materials.