Changes of Wetland Landscape Pattern in New Coastal District of Tianjin City

With the wetland landscape in New Coastal District of Tianjin City as the chief study objective and based on the remote sensing and non-remote sensing data of ETM/TM with 1999-2007 as the time scale and the new administrative region of New Coastal District as the space (scale) scope, this paper conducted the study on the landscape pattern change. The results showed that the natural wetland and agricultural land tended to decrease, while the saltern, maricultural areas and construction land increased apparently. The overall landscape shape tended to develop in simplification and regulation and with the development of population and social economy, human’s intervention to the landscape was getting improved.

An Analysis on the Ecological Value and Contribution of Agriculture in Tianjin City

Agriculture has both economic value and non-economic value. The calculation of the non-economic value of agriculture has become a research hotspot in academic circles. This paper divides the value of agriculture into products production value and ecological value, and adopts an authoritative ecological value calculation idea, i.e. the method proposed by Costanza et al. in 1997 as the basis to calculate the ecological value of agriculture. However, the study has come under heavy criticism：for example, some data have major deviation, underestimating the ecological value of cultivated land while overestimating the wetland. XIE Gaodi et al. in 2003 came up with more reliable results to make up for the deifciency of the methods from Costanza et al. Referring to some of the results and on the basis of a questionnaire survey to 200 Chinese ecologists, this paper presented an equivalent factor table for evaluating the ecological service value （ESV） of China’s ecosystem. Based on this table and the practical situation of Tianjin, the paper formulates an applicable calculation method for ecological value and actual y calculates the ecological value of agriculture in Tianjin with ofifcial statistics. The results show that the actual value of the ecological value of agriculture in Tianjin in 2012 was 111.20 bil ion CNY, about triple of the economic value of agriculture （37.56 bil ion CNY） in the same year.

Valuing health effects from the industrial air pollution in rural Tianjin,China

High concentrations of air pollutants such as total suspended particulates(TSP) and sulfur dioxide(SO_2) have serious impacts on nearby populations. In this paper, a survey of rural Tianjin residents' willingness-to-pay for health improvement was reported on, and the MBDC(multiple bounded discrete choice) model was adopted to study the respondents' willingness-to-pay to prevent respiratory illnesses. The results showed that the willingness-to-pay for health improvement was affected by respondents' health condition, work situation and environmental awareness, but not by personal habits, such as smoking. If person's willingness-to-pay to avoid respiratory diseases can be considered equal to the cost to personal health caused by air pollution, the total cost will reach 538×10 6 RMB Yuan(RMB, equal to 65 million USD) per year.

Status of CO_2 emissions,driving forces and mitigation countermeasures of Tianjin,China

Climate change is a long-term and important challenge facing the whole world. Mitigation of CO2 emissions is one of important measures responding to climate change. The task of responding to climate change facing each city is very urgent. The total amount of Tianjin City＆#39;s CO2 emissions from energy use and industrial processes is large and the amount of CO2 emissions per capita from fossil fuel combustion is quite high. Mitigation of CO2 emission in Tianjin City encounters many difficulties such as increasing population, rapidly growing economy, heavy industrial structure, backward tertiary industry, low level of energy efficiency and product technologies, and energy structure relying mainly on coal. This paper analyzes Tianjin City＆#39;s general situation of economic and social developments, estimates Tianjin City＆#39;s status of CO2 emissions using 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, analyzes Tianjin City＆#39;s driving forces of CO2 emissions by methodology to analyze the driving forces of energy-related CO2 emissions, and puts forward countermeasures mitigating CO2 emissions in Tianjin City, such as strictly controlling increasing population, expediting industrial structure adjustment, insisting on strategy of energy conserving, vigorously enhancing energy efficiency, exploiting and using clean and renewable energy, advancing energy structure adjustments, and actively developing carbon capture and storage （CCS） technologies.

Analysis of the Spatio-temporal Evolution of Land Intensive Use and Land Ecological Security in Tianjin from 1980 to 2019

The problem of land ecological security directly threatens the sustainable development of many regions,and exploring the spatio-temporal characteristics of land ecological security is helpful for analyzing the land ecological patterns between regions and over time.Based on the interpretation of remote sensing image data for Tianjin in 1980,2000,2010 and 2019,supported by software such as ArcGIS and GeoDa,the changes of land use in the study area are calculated by using the land use dynamic degree.Then,the land ecological security index and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods are used to study the spatial correlations and internal heterogeneity of land ecological security in each district in Tianjin.The results show that:(1)The land use of Tianjin has changed dramatically in the past 40 years:the building land has been expanding,while the farmland and barren have been shrinking continuously.(2)The overall level of land ecological security is in the high security area,and Jizhou District is the highest,while the Central areas and Binhai are low.(3)The spatial heterogeneity of land ecological security is not obvious,but the spatial agglomeration is strong.