In this paper we investigated theL 1 norm inequalities of theP square and the maximal functions of two-parameterB-valued strong martingales, which can be applied to characterizep-smoothness andq-convexity of Banach sp...In this paper we investigated theL 1 norm inequalities of theP square and the maximal functions of two-parameterB-valued strong martingales, which can be applied to characterizep-smoothness andq-convexity of Banach spaces.展开更多
The study of seismic attenuation property is a major subject in seismology. Seismic waves recorded by seismic stations （seismographs） contain source effect, seismic wave propagation effect, site response of seismic ...The study of seismic attenuation property is a major subject in seismology. Seismic waves recorded by seismic stations （seismographs） contain source effect, seismic wave propagation effect, site response of seismic stations and instrumental response. The path effect of seismic wave propagation, site response of seismic stations and instrumental response must be taken out in the study of source property with seismic data. The path effect of seismic wave propagation （seismic attenuation） involves an important influential factor, the anelastic attenuation of medium, which is measured with quality factor Q, apart from geometric attenuation with the distance. As a basic physical parameter of the Earth medium, Q value is essential for quantitative study of earthquakes and source property （e.g. determination of source parameters）, which is widely used in earthquake source physics and engineering seismology.展开更多
This article investigates the relationship between fees for audit and non-audit services with Tobin＇s Q. Using a sample of Brazilian public companies in the period from 2009 to 2011, we estimate the association betwe...This article investigates the relationship between fees for audit and non-audit services with Tobin＇s Q. Using a sample of Brazilian public companies in the period from 2009 to 2011, we estimate the association between Tobin＇s Q and the auditors＇ remuneration scaled by total assets. Additionally, to strengthen the conclusions, we present a second model with the remuneration of the auditors in absolute terms. The results suggest a significant relationship between Tobin＇s Q and audit and non-audit fees, positive and negative, respectively. Specifically, increases in audit fees and non-audit fees respectively increase and decrease the Tobin＇s Q of the audited company. The results of this study have important implications for those interested in good corporate governance practices. Managers and board members concerned with value carefully evaluate the remuneration and nature of services creation, when engaging independent auditors, should provided.展开更多
优化营商环境降低了微观主体投资调整成本,改变了宏观经济政策运行的微观环境。构建具有微观基础的宏观NKQ-DSGE(New Keynesian with Tobin s Q-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium)模型,研究“营商环境优化”对“财政政策提效”...优化营商环境降低了微观主体投资调整成本,改变了宏观经济政策运行的微观环境。构建具有微观基础的宏观NKQ-DSGE(New Keynesian with Tobin s Q-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium)模型,研究“营商环境优化”对“财政政策提效”的影响。研究发现:优化营商环境会降低投资调整成本,从而增强政策的托宾Q效应,但对积极财政政策而言是一把双刃剑;对于财政支出政策和降低消费税政策,优化营商环境会加剧政策对私人投资的挤出效应,从而降低政策乘数和弱化政策效果;对于降低资本税政策和降低劳动税政策,优化营商环境会提升政策对私人投资的促进效应,从而提高政策乘数和强化政策效果。因此,应偏向于使用乘数较大的政策工具,同时政策工具之间应协调配合,实现财政政策从“加力”向“提效”转型。展开更多
This study investigates the effects of corporate governance compliance on market valuation in Malaysia using a sample of 164 companies listed on the Main Board in Bursa Malaysia from 5 different industries （consumer,...This study investigates the effects of corporate governance compliance on market valuation in Malaysia using a sample of 164 companies listed on the Main Board in Bursa Malaysia from 5 different industries （consumer, trading ＆ services, industrial, constructions and properties） within 2001 to 2005. Throughout, this study will use correlation and regression analysis in the SPSS software to determine the effects of corporate governance practices on Market Valuation. In analyzing firms＇ market valuation, we will use the Tobin＇s Q formula and for the corporate governance compliance, we will look at 4 criteria to compare with market valuation, which are （1） Board of Director＇s composition, （2） Board of Director＇s remuneration （salaries）, （3） Board of Director＇s training and development, （4） Board of Director＇s meeting. In order to determine the effects between the corporate governance compliance and market valuation, we will use regression analysis. Based on the correlation analysis, the first null hypothesis must be rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, in which dependent variable and independent variables are significantly correlated with BOD remuneration and BOD training availability. Overall, there is a significant relationship between Tobin＇s Q and independent variables （BOD remuneration and BOD training）. This study also recommends that for the company who did not comply with the code, they should follow the best practice because it will be a pivotal weapon in facing with the fierce competition in era globalization.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to analyze the valuation effects of cross-listing. The study has conducted a univariate analysis of the Tobin＇s Q and the market-to-book ratio for the period before and after the cross-li...The purpose of this study is to analyze the valuation effects of cross-listing. The study has conducted a univariate analysis of the Tobin＇s Q and the market-to-book ratio for the period before and after the cross-listing by using paired tests. Non-cross-listed firms are then included in multivariate regressions by using pooled Time Series Cross Section （TSCS） and Panel Corrected Standard Error （PCSE） regressions for a period of 13 years to find out if there is a difference in the valuations between cross-listed firms and non-cross-listed firms. The study＇s results indicate that the Tobin＇s Q of cross-listed-firms increases two years prior to cross-listing and that it continues to increase two years after cross-listing. The market-to-book ratios also show an increase two years prior to cross-listing and up to one year after cross-listing, then decrease in the second year after cross-listing. When non-cross-listed firms are included in the analysis, results indicate that cross-listed firms are valued higher than non-cross-listed firms. When data are portioned for positive earnings per share （EPS） and dividends, results indicate that valuation is the highest when EPS is positive. Since segmentation theories cannot be ruled out, the study＇s findings are more in support of the growth opportunity hypothesis.展开更多
The development of digital technology and the construction of smart cities urge service enterprises to seek competitive advantages by building smart service brands.However,there are few studies explore the brand value...The development of digital technology and the construction of smart cities urge service enterprises to seek competitive advantages by building smart service brands.However,there are few studies explore the brand value,brand strategies,and corresponding business strategies of smart service providers from the financial perspective.This paper selects listed property companies from China as the sample and explores the value of the smart community service brand of property enterprises based on the observation data.This research introduces the market value measurement index(Tobin q)and discounted cash flow model(DCF)to explore the influence of diversified brand strategies through combining smart brand strategy with naming strategies and business strategies on brand value.The results show that smart community service brand has a significant impact on firms'market value.Compared with the brand extension strategy,the adoption of brand renewal strategy will significantly affect market value.Further,the development of smart value-added services by enterprises will exert a positive impact on their market value.However,the stakeholders are not optimistic about smart technical services by property companies,which could reduce shareholders'expectations of the market value of enterprises.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In this paper we investigated theL 1 norm inequalities of theP square and the maximal functions of two-parameterB-valued strong martingales, which can be applied to characterizep-smoothness andq-convexity of Banach spaces.
基金Early-stage study project of the national key foundation research (2002CCD01700) and the key project of Yunnan Province during the 10th Five-year plan.
文摘The study of seismic attenuation property is a major subject in seismology. Seismic waves recorded by seismic stations （seismographs） contain source effect, seismic wave propagation effect, site response of seismic stations and instrumental response. The path effect of seismic wave propagation, site response of seismic stations and instrumental response must be taken out in the study of source property with seismic data. The path effect of seismic wave propagation （seismic attenuation） involves an important influential factor, the anelastic attenuation of medium, which is measured with quality factor Q, apart from geometric attenuation with the distance. As a basic physical parameter of the Earth medium, Q value is essential for quantitative study of earthquakes and source property （e.g. determination of source parameters）, which is widely used in earthquake source physics and engineering seismology.
文摘This article investigates the relationship between fees for audit and non-audit services with Tobin＇s Q. Using a sample of Brazilian public companies in the period from 2009 to 2011, we estimate the association between Tobin＇s Q and the auditors＇ remuneration scaled by total assets. Additionally, to strengthen the conclusions, we present a second model with the remuneration of the auditors in absolute terms. The results suggest a significant relationship between Tobin＇s Q and audit and non-audit fees, positive and negative, respectively. Specifically, increases in audit fees and non-audit fees respectively increase and decrease the Tobin＇s Q of the audited company. The results of this study have important implications for those interested in good corporate governance practices. Managers and board members concerned with value carefully evaluate the remuneration and nature of services creation, when engaging independent auditors, should provided.
文摘优化营商环境降低了微观主体投资调整成本,改变了宏观经济政策运行的微观环境。构建具有微观基础的宏观NKQ-DSGE(New Keynesian with Tobin s Q-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium)模型,研究“营商环境优化”对“财政政策提效”的影响。研究发现:优化营商环境会降低投资调整成本,从而增强政策的托宾Q效应,但对积极财政政策而言是一把双刃剑;对于财政支出政策和降低消费税政策,优化营商环境会加剧政策对私人投资的挤出效应,从而降低政策乘数和弱化政策效果;对于降低资本税政策和降低劳动税政策,优化营商环境会提升政策对私人投资的促进效应,从而提高政策乘数和强化政策效果。因此,应偏向于使用乘数较大的政策工具,同时政策工具之间应协调配合,实现财政政策从“加力”向“提效”转型。
文摘This study investigates the effects of corporate governance compliance on market valuation in Malaysia using a sample of 164 companies listed on the Main Board in Bursa Malaysia from 5 different industries （consumer, trading ＆ services, industrial, constructions and properties） within 2001 to 2005. Throughout, this study will use correlation and regression analysis in the SPSS software to determine the effects of corporate governance practices on Market Valuation. In analyzing firms＇ market valuation, we will use the Tobin＇s Q formula and for the corporate governance compliance, we will look at 4 criteria to compare with market valuation, which are （1） Board of Director＇s composition, （2） Board of Director＇s remuneration （salaries）, （3） Board of Director＇s training and development, （4） Board of Director＇s meeting. In order to determine the effects between the corporate governance compliance and market valuation, we will use regression analysis. Based on the correlation analysis, the first null hypothesis must be rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, in which dependent variable and independent variables are significantly correlated with BOD remuneration and BOD training availability. Overall, there is a significant relationship between Tobin＇s Q and independent variables （BOD remuneration and BOD training）. This study also recommends that for the company who did not comply with the code, they should follow the best practice because it will be a pivotal weapon in facing with the fierce competition in era globalization.
文摘The purpose of this study is to analyze the valuation effects of cross-listing. The study has conducted a univariate analysis of the Tobin＇s Q and the market-to-book ratio for the period before and after the cross-listing by using paired tests. Non-cross-listed firms are then included in multivariate regressions by using pooled Time Series Cross Section （TSCS） and Panel Corrected Standard Error （PCSE） regressions for a period of 13 years to find out if there is a difference in the valuations between cross-listed firms and non-cross-listed firms. The study＇s results indicate that the Tobin＇s Q of cross-listed-firms increases two years prior to cross-listing and that it continues to increase two years after cross-listing. The market-to-book ratios also show an increase two years prior to cross-listing and up to one year after cross-listing, then decrease in the second year after cross-listing. When non-cross-listed firms are included in the analysis, results indicate that cross-listed firms are valued higher than non-cross-listed firms. When data are portioned for positive earnings per share （EPS） and dividends, results indicate that valuation is the highest when EPS is positive. Since segmentation theories cannot be ruled out, the study＇s findings are more in support of the growth opportunity hypothesis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71972175)the National Social Science Foundation of China (20&ZD075)the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFB1400400)。
文摘The development of digital technology and the construction of smart cities urge service enterprises to seek competitive advantages by building smart service brands.However,there are few studies explore the brand value,brand strategies,and corresponding business strategies of smart service providers from the financial perspective.This paper selects listed property companies from China as the sample and explores the value of the smart community service brand of property enterprises based on the observation data.This research introduces the market value measurement index(Tobin q)and discounted cash flow model(DCF)to explore the influence of diversified brand strategies through combining smart brand strategy with naming strategies and business strategies on brand value.The results show that smart community service brand has a significant impact on firms'market value.Compared with the brand extension strategy,the adoption of brand renewal strategy will significantly affect market value.Further,the development of smart value-added services by enterprises will exert a positive impact on their market value.However,the stakeholders are not optimistic about smart technical services by property companies,which could reduce shareholders'expectations of the market value of enterprises.
