NEW INSIGHTS INTO PRINCIPLES FOR DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE OF ENVIRONMENT SYSTEM FOR TOOL INTEGRATION ─IN THE CASE OF PRODUCTION MACHINES DESIGN

CAD/CAM integration is broadly viewed as tool integration. From this point of view, both CAD/CAM software and hardware are considered as tools. A great advantage of this view point is that a very flexible paradigm is introduced, in which the CAD/CAM system for a particular industrial application can be customized and built by selecting a set of tools. This paper intends to shed some lights on the principles for designing the architecture of such a tool integration environment. Although such an environment is no more than a computer program sys. tem itself, its particular characteristics arising from its unique role, i.e., tool integration, make the discussion on the designing of an environment architecture nontrivial. The paper externalizes the author's experiences in implementing an tool integration environment for production machines.In particular, the discussion renders some insights into the concepts such as tool integration models, various views of an environment architecture, classification of data into tool-data and environment data, and employment of the information relativity principle in making an environment architecture flexible. The paper will take production machines design as a target application that an environment system is developed for, owing to its extreme complexity and thus make sense of coverage of other engineering applications.

Combination of Loosely and Compactly Coupled Integrations of CAD Tools and Its Applications In SAW Devices Design and Fabrication

A combination of the loosely and compactly coupled integrations of CAD tools and its applications in the design and fabrication of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are proposed in this paper. Three core modules are developed as design and mask pattern verification module,database module, and device characteristics simulation module. All the operations are controlled under Microsoft Windows GUI interface. This leads to a reduced design and fabrication cycle, workload and cost. With the knowledge-based library for intelligent design and Lotus Notes database for distributed and networked engineering database management (EDM) and effective control of documents, a new enterprise-leveled, computer-integrated design and manufacturing system (CIDMS)can be established for monolithic and hybrid device design (not only confined to SAW device).

Research and design on a kind of CASE environment architectural style based on ToolBus

Because CASE (computer aided software engineering) environment is a kind of complex system software, its software architecture is very important. From the viewpoint of software architecture, this paper first presents TBus architectural style, which is a kind of CASE environment architectural style based on ToolBus, then describes the architectural model and system's behavior in formal method, researches and analyzes the corresponding tool structural model. Last the paper implements a TBus architectural instance-LambdaBridge, which proves the validity of ToolBus and TBus architectural styles.

Development of an Integrated Tool for Small-Scale Maize Farming in Uganda

About 62% of the maize produced in developing countries is cultivated manually owing to limited access to appropriate technology. Available technologies perform a single operation, necessitating farmers to buy multiple implements, which is expensive. In this study, an ox-drawn tool integrating a plough, planter and cultivator for small-scale maize farming was developed and its performance evaluated. Planting and cultivating units were designed and fabricated for assembly onto an existing standard ox-plough beam. The integrated tool was tested in the field to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of cultivation and planting of maize. Results showed that the planting unit had an average seed rate of 35.4 kg/ha with a seed damage of 4% and an effective field capacity of 0.15 ha/h at a field efficiency of 87.3%. The cultivating unit had an effective field capacity of 0.1 ha/h and a weeding efficiency of 86%. The efficiency, effectiveness and reliability for field operations are superior to manual operations currently used by farmers and are comparable to single-unit prototypes developed in other countries. This demonstrates the technical feasibility of integrating planting and cultivation units onto an existing mould board plough instead of buying multiple tools.

Strategic Planning for Avoidance of Catastrophic Flood Consequences

The present study is to deal with the strategic planning in avoidance of all catastrophic consequences of major flood in West Attica region in 2017 and is divided into three main sections.The first one comprises the study of the internal and external environment of the Regional Unit of West Attica with analysis of resources,procedures,culture that governs the internal environment,external bodies and mapping through PESTEL(Political,Economic,Socio-Cultural and Technological)analysis as components of the external environment.The second section comprises the vision and mission of this strategic plan and specializes in reporting and analyzing the strategic objectives as well as the actions that characterize them in order to complete the mission that has been set and to achieve the vision that has been planned.The last section focuses on the feasibility of the above proposals formulated in the midst of actions and strategic objectives with the help of SWOT(Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,and Threat)analysis and concludes with a proposal for the implementation of strategic planning with the implementation of the Integrated Spatial Investment tool.

THE TRACE IDENTITY, A POWERFUL TOOL FOR CONSTRUCTING THE HAMILTONIAN STRUCTURE OF INTEGRABLE SYSTEMS (Ⅱ)

An isospectral problem with four potentials is discussed. The corresponding hierarchy of nonlinearevolution equations is derived. It is shown that the AKNS, Levi, D-AKNS hierarchies and a new oneare reductions of the above hierarchy. In each case the relevant Hamiltonian form is established bymaking use of the trase identity.

River management system development in Asia based on Data Integration and Analysis System(DIAS) under GEOSS

This paper introduces the process of development and practical use implementation of an advanced river management system for supporting integrated water resources management practices in Asian river basins under the framework of GEOSS Asia water cycle initiative （AWCI）. The system is based on integration of data from earth observation satellites and in-situ networks with other types of data, including numerical weather prediction model outputs, climate model outputs, geographical infor- mation, and socio-economic data. The system builds on the water and energy budget distributed hydrological model （WEB-DHM） that was adapted for specific conditions of studied basins, in particular snow and glacier phenomena and equipped with other functions such as dam operation optimization scheme and a set of tools for climate change impact assess- ment to be able to generate relevant information for policy and decision makers. In situ data were archived for 18 selected ba- sins at the Data Integration and Analysis System （DIAS） of Japan and demonstration projects were carded out showing poten- tial of the new system. It included climate change impact assessment on hydrological regimes, which is presently a critical step for sound management decisions. Results of such three case studies in Pakistan, Philippines, and Vietnam are provided here.

Tool wear performance and surface integrity studies for milling DD5 Ni-based single crystal superalloy

Based on the results of slot milling experiments on the DD5 Ni-based single crystal superalloy(001) crystal plane along the [110]crystal direction, in this paper, efforts were devoted to investigate the tool wear process, wear mechanism and failure modes of the physical vapor deposition(PVD)-AlTiN and TiAlN coated tools under dry milling and water-based minimum quantity lubrication(MQL) conditions. The scanning electron microscope(SEM) morphological observation and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX) elements analysis methods were adopted. Moreover, under the water-based MQL condition, the surface integrity such as surface roughness, dimensional and shape accuracy, microhardness and microstructure alteration were researched. The results demonstrated that the tool edge severe adhesion with the work material, induced by the high Al content in the PVD-AlTiN coating caused the catastrophic tool tip fracture. In contrast, the PVD-TiAlN tool displayed a steady and uniform minor flank wear, even though the material peeling and slight chipping also occurred in the final stage. In addition, due to the high effective cooling and lubricating actions of the water-based MQL method, the PVD-TiAlN coated tool demonstrated intact tip geometry; consequently it could be repaired and reused even if the failure criterion was attained. Moreover, as the accumulative milling length and the tool wear increased, all indicators of the surface integrity forehand were deteriorated.