陆地表层水分的盈缺直接关系到局地气候变化。本文利用黄土高原塬区初夏至盛夏期两次陆面过程野外试验(LOess Plateau land surface process field EXperi ment 2005,LOPEX05和LOPEX06)的野外试验观测资料,分析了试验期间黄土高原白庙...陆地表层水分的盈缺直接关系到局地气候变化。本文利用黄土高原塬区初夏至盛夏期两次陆面过程野外试验(LOess Plateau land surface process field EXperi ment 2005,LOPEX05和LOPEX06)的野外试验观测资料,分析了试验期间黄土高原白庙塬区不同下垫面的水分蒸散和表层土壤水分盈缺状况。结果表明:在土壤水分比较充足的条件下,植被蒸腾增加量在正午时的峰值为0.05 mm.h-1,而较大降水发生后的首个晴日,冬小麦地和裸地的蒸散分别可达4.60 mm.d-1和3.70 mm.d-1。局地降水是影响陆面蒸散量变化的主要因素,而植被冠层的存在增加了陆面蒸散发量中的植物蒸腾量值。2006年4月下旬到7月中旬,裸地的水分缺失为16.3 mm.m-2,冬小麦地的水分缺失为39.9mm.m-2。其中缺失最严重的时间段为5月下旬到6月上旬,最大旬缺失量达16.5 mm.m-2,7月上旬和中旬,由于降水季节来临,土壤水分有少量盈余。在2005年7月中旬至8月下旬,玉米地和裸地的水分盈余分别为17.9 mm.m-2和25.3 mm.m-2。不同时间尺度的统计均表明,降水不仅是影响陆面蒸散量的主要因素,而且也是表层土壤水分盈缺的决定性因子。展开更多
A pot experiment was conducted in the Institute of Tianlong Ecology of Baotou City in Inner Mongolia, China, to investigate the effects of the application of biofertilizers and super absorbent polymers(SAP) on plant g...A pot experiment was conducted in the Institute of Tianlong Ecology of Baotou City in Inner Mongolia, China, to investigate the effects of the application of biofertilizers and super absorbent polymers(SAP) on plant growth and soil improvement in arid mining area soil. Two typical species, namely, Syringa oblata Lindl.(SO) and Medicago sativa L.(MS), were present in the Bayan Obo mining area and used as representatives of shrubs and herbaceous plants in the pot experiment.(1) Biofertilizers and SAP significantly increased the tree height, the ground diameter of SO, and the total biomass of MS and improved the soil fertility of the mining area, especially its biological fertility, compared with those of the control group(CK). The application of biofertilizers and SAP decreased the mining soil p H and significantly increased available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and soil organic matter.(2) After 180 days of growth, the microbial population(bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen significantly increased. Microbial ratios C: N significantly decreased compared with those of CK.(3) T5 and T6 treatments with the following dosages might be the optimum selection for the improvement of the studied mining area soil: 20 g SAP + 15 g biofertilizers(SO), 100 g/m2 SAP + 150 g biofertilizers(MS); 20 g SAP + 30 g biofertilizers(SO), and 100 g/m2 SAP + 200 g biofertilizers(MS). This study provided a promising reference for conducting future field studies and the local vegetation restoration.展开更多
文摘陆地表层水分的盈缺直接关系到局地气候变化。本文利用黄土高原塬区初夏至盛夏期两次陆面过程野外试验(LOess Plateau land surface process field EXperi ment 2005,LOPEX05和LOPEX06)的野外试验观测资料,分析了试验期间黄土高原白庙塬区不同下垫面的水分蒸散和表层土壤水分盈缺状况。结果表明:在土壤水分比较充足的条件下,植被蒸腾增加量在正午时的峰值为0.05 mm.h-1,而较大降水发生后的首个晴日,冬小麦地和裸地的蒸散分别可达4.60 mm.d-1和3.70 mm.d-1。局地降水是影响陆面蒸散量变化的主要因素,而植被冠层的存在增加了陆面蒸散发量中的植物蒸腾量值。2006年4月下旬到7月中旬,裸地的水分缺失为16.3 mm.m-2,冬小麦地的水分缺失为39.9mm.m-2。其中缺失最严重的时间段为5月下旬到6月上旬,最大旬缺失量达16.5 mm.m-2,7月上旬和中旬,由于降水季节来临,土壤水分有少量盈余。在2005年7月中旬至8月下旬,玉米地和裸地的水分盈余分别为17.9 mm.m-2和25.3 mm.m-2。不同时间尺度的统计均表明,降水不仅是影响陆面蒸散量的主要因素,而且也是表层土壤水分盈缺的决定性因子。
基金supported by funds for Studies on Afforestation Materials with Super Absorbent Polymers in the Zhangjiakou Drought Area of Hebei Province,China(Grant No.2014HXFWSBXY025)the business cooperation research projects for Studies on Ecological Restoration Technology of Mine Restoration in Arid Area(Eco-Elion Restoration Co.,Ltd.&Beijing Forestry University)
文摘A pot experiment was conducted in the Institute of Tianlong Ecology of Baotou City in Inner Mongolia, China, to investigate the effects of the application of biofertilizers and super absorbent polymers(SAP) on plant growth and soil improvement in arid mining area soil. Two typical species, namely, Syringa oblata Lindl.(SO) and Medicago sativa L.(MS), were present in the Bayan Obo mining area and used as representatives of shrubs and herbaceous plants in the pot experiment.(1) Biofertilizers and SAP significantly increased the tree height, the ground diameter of SO, and the total biomass of MS and improved the soil fertility of the mining area, especially its biological fertility, compared with those of the control group(CK). The application of biofertilizers and SAP decreased the mining soil p H and significantly increased available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and soil organic matter.(2) After 180 days of growth, the microbial population(bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen significantly increased. Microbial ratios C: N significantly decreased compared with those of CK.(3) T5 and T6 treatments with the following dosages might be the optimum selection for the improvement of the studied mining area soil: 20 g SAP + 15 g biofertilizers(SO), 100 g/m2 SAP + 150 g biofertilizers(MS); 20 g SAP + 30 g biofertilizers(SO), and 100 g/m2 SAP + 200 g biofertilizers(MS). This study provided a promising reference for conducting future field studies and the local vegetation restoration.