Let G = (V,E) be a simple graph without isolated vertices. For positive integer k, a 3-valued function f : V → {-1,0,1} is said to be a minus total k-subdominating function (MTkSF) if sum from (u∈N(v)) to f(u)≥1 fo...Let G = (V,E) be a simple graph without isolated vertices. For positive integer k, a 3-valued function f : V → {-1,0,1} is said to be a minus total k-subdominating function (MTkSF) if sum from (u∈N(v)) to f(u)≥1 for at least k vertices v in G, where N(v) is the open neighborhood of v. The minus total k-subdomination number γkt(G) equals the minimum weight of an MTkSF on G. In this paper, the values on the minus total k-subdomination number of some special graphs are investigated. Several lower bounds on γkt of general graphs and trees are obtained.展开更多
For a positive integer k,the total{k}-dominating function(T{k}DF)of a graph G without isolated vertices is a function f from the vertex set V(G)to the set{0,1,2,…,k}such that for each vertex v∈V(G),the sum of the va...For a positive integer k,the total{k}-dominating function(T{k}DF)of a graph G without isolated vertices is a function f from the vertex set V(G)to the set{0,1,2,…,k}such that for each vertex v∈V(G),the sum of the values of all its neighbors assigned by f is at least k.A set{f_(1),f_(2),…,f_(d)}of pairwise different T{k}DF s of G with the property that∑d i=1 f_(i)(v)≤k for each v∈V(G),is called a total{k}-dominating family(T{k}D family)of G.The total{k}-domatic number of a graph G,denoted by d^({k})_(t)(G),is the maximum number of functions in T{k}D family.In 2013,Aram et al.proposed a problem that whether or not d^({k})_(t)(C_(m)□C_(n))=3 when 4 nmk,and d^({k})_(t)(C m□C n)=4 when 4|nmk.It was shown that d^({k})_(t)(C_(m)□C_(n))=3 if 4 nmk and k≥2 or 4|nmk and 2 nk,which partially answered the above problem.In addition,the total{k}-domatic number of the direct product of a cycle and a path,two paths,and two cycles was studied,respectively.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of total nutrients in soil and provide a theoretical basis for farmland management and improvement of crop yield. [Method]GIS technique was use...[Objective]The aim was to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of total nutrients in soil and provide a theoretical basis for farmland management and improvement of crop yield. [Method]GIS technique was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of total C,total N,total P and total K for different soil layers in Liaoning Province. [Result]The results showed that the content of total C,total N,total P decrease from east to west,but the content of total K was high in north district of Liaoning Province. The content of total C,total N,total P and total K was higher in soil surface （0-20 cm） than the lower （20-40 cm）. Total K varied less with soil depth,and its mean content was respectively 17.64 g/kg and 17.08 g/kg for soil surface and soil lower layer. [Conclusion]The results of the distribution of soil total nutrients in different soil layers supplied a theory basis for farmland management.展开更多
The P_(k)-path graph P_(k)(G)corresponding to a graph G has for vertices the set of all paths of length k in G.Two vertices are joined by an edge if and only if the intersection of the corresponding paths forms a path...The P_(k)-path graph P_(k)(G)corresponding to a graph G has for vertices the set of all paths of length k in G.Two vertices are joined by an edge if and only if the intersection of the corresponding paths forms a path of length k-1 in G,and their union forms either a cycle or a path of length k+1.Let Ek={(v,p),p E V(P_(k)(G)),v is an end vertex of p in G},we define total P_(k)-graphs T_(k)(G)as Yk(G)=(V(G)UV(P_(k)(G)),E(G)U E(PI(G))U Ek).In this note,we introduce total P,-graphs Th(G)and study their edge connectivity,as the generaliza-tion of total graphs.展开更多
目的观察骨碎补总黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松模型组织蛋白酶K(Cathepsin K)的血清浓度和左胫骨干骺端基因表达的影响,探讨骨碎补总黄酮防治骨质疏松的机制。方法选取3月龄雌性SD大鼠72只,随机分为6组:高剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组1,12只...目的观察骨碎补总黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松模型组织蛋白酶K(Cathepsin K)的血清浓度和左胫骨干骺端基因表达的影响,探讨骨碎补总黄酮防治骨质疏松的机制。方法选取3月龄雌性SD大鼠72只,随机分为6组:高剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组1,12只大鼠,切除双侧卵巢,给药剂量0.216 g/(kg·d)];中剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组2,12只大鼠,切除双侧卵巢,给药剂量0.108 g/(kg·d)];低剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组3,12只大鼠,给药剂量0.054 g/(kg·d)];雌激素组(12只大鼠,切除双侧卵巢,给予结合雌激素片0.1 mg/kg);假手术组(12只大鼠,仅切除腹腔少量脂肪和软组织,以5 mL蒸馏水灌胃);正常组(12只大鼠,不做特殊处理,以5 mL蒸馏水灌胃)。各组均在去卵巢造模成功后开始灌胃,并于造模成功后即刻、3个月、6个月每组处死4只大鼠,无菌条件下抽取静脉血,检测血清Cathepsin K浓度。取左胫骨近端干骺端标本,荧光定量PCR测定Cathepsin K mRNA表达量,用SPSS13.0软件进行数据分析。结果各治疗组、正常组与雌激素组大鼠血清Cathepsin K浓度间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各治疗组与雌激素组左胫骨干骺端Cathepsin K mRNA表达量相比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各治疗组、假手术组与正常组左胫骨干骺端Cathepsin K mRNA表达量相比均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论骨碎补总黄酮抑制去卵巢大鼠血清Cathepsin K浓度、降低左胫骨干骺端Cathepsin K mRNA表达量的作用,可能是其治疗骨质疏松症的机制之一。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10571117)the Development Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No.05AZ04)
文摘Let G = (V,E) be a simple graph without isolated vertices. For positive integer k, a 3-valued function f : V → {-1,0,1} is said to be a minus total k-subdominating function (MTkSF) if sum from (u∈N(v)) to f(u)≥1 for at least k vertices v in G, where N(v) is the open neighborhood of v. The minus total k-subdomination number γkt(G) equals the minimum weight of an MTkSF on G. In this paper, the values on the minus total k-subdomination number of some special graphs are investigated. Several lower bounds on γkt of general graphs and trees are obtained.
基金Supported by NNSF of China(11671376,11401004)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1708085MA18)
文摘For a positive integer k,the total{k}-dominating function(T{k}DF)of a graph G without isolated vertices is a function f from the vertex set V(G)to the set{0,1,2,…,k}such that for each vertex v∈V(G),the sum of the values of all its neighbors assigned by f is at least k.A set{f_(1),f_(2),…,f_(d)}of pairwise different T{k}DF s of G with the property that∑d i=1 f_(i)(v)≤k for each v∈V(G),is called a total{k}-dominating family(T{k}D family)of G.The total{k}-domatic number of a graph G,denoted by d^({k})_(t)(G),is the maximum number of functions in T{k}D family.In 2013,Aram et al.proposed a problem that whether or not d^({k})_(t)(C_(m)□C_(n))=3 when 4 nmk,and d^({k})_(t)(C m□C n)=4 when 4|nmk.It was shown that d^({k})_(t)(C_(m)□C_(n))=3 if 4 nmk and k≥2 or 4|nmk and 2 nk,which partially answered the above problem.In addition,the total{k}-domatic number of the direct product of a cycle and a path,two paths,and two cycles was studied,respectively.
基金Supported by Public Project of Science and Technology Ministry(SYKYYW200903)The Ecological Carrying Capacity and Region Ecological Security Regulation of Northeast Industrial Base(2004CB418507)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of total nutrients in soil and provide a theoretical basis for farmland management and improvement of crop yield. [Method]GIS technique was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of total C,total N,total P and total K for different soil layers in Liaoning Province. [Result]The results showed that the content of total C,total N,total P decrease from east to west,but the content of total K was high in north district of Liaoning Province. The content of total C,total N,total P and total K was higher in soil surface （0-20 cm） than the lower （20-40 cm）. Total K varied less with soil depth,and its mean content was respectively 17.64 g/kg and 17.08 g/kg for soil surface and soil lower layer. [Conclusion]The results of the distribution of soil total nutrients in different soil layers supplied a theory basis for farmland management.
基金supported by Natural Sciences Foundation of Guangxi Province(2012GXNSFBA053005)
文摘The P_(k)-path graph P_(k)(G)corresponding to a graph G has for vertices the set of all paths of length k in G.Two vertices are joined by an edge if and only if the intersection of the corresponding paths forms a path of length k-1 in G,and their union forms either a cycle or a path of length k+1.Let Ek={(v,p),p E V(P_(k)(G)),v is an end vertex of p in G},we define total P_(k)-graphs T_(k)(G)as Yk(G)=(V(G)UV(P_(k)(G)),E(G)U E(PI(G))U Ek).In this note,we introduce total P,-graphs Th(G)and study their edge connectivity,as the generaliza-tion of total graphs.
文摘目的观察骨碎补总黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松模型组织蛋白酶K(Cathepsin K)的血清浓度和左胫骨干骺端基因表达的影响,探讨骨碎补总黄酮防治骨质疏松的机制。方法选取3月龄雌性SD大鼠72只,随机分为6组:高剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组1,12只大鼠,切除双侧卵巢,给药剂量0.216 g/(kg·d)];中剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组2,12只大鼠,切除双侧卵巢,给药剂量0.108 g/(kg·d)];低剂量骨碎补总黄酮组[治疗组3,12只大鼠,给药剂量0.054 g/(kg·d)];雌激素组(12只大鼠,切除双侧卵巢,给予结合雌激素片0.1 mg/kg);假手术组(12只大鼠,仅切除腹腔少量脂肪和软组织,以5 mL蒸馏水灌胃);正常组(12只大鼠,不做特殊处理,以5 mL蒸馏水灌胃)。各组均在去卵巢造模成功后开始灌胃,并于造模成功后即刻、3个月、6个月每组处死4只大鼠,无菌条件下抽取静脉血,检测血清Cathepsin K浓度。取左胫骨近端干骺端标本,荧光定量PCR测定Cathepsin K mRNA表达量,用SPSS13.0软件进行数据分析。结果各治疗组、正常组与雌激素组大鼠血清Cathepsin K浓度间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各治疗组与雌激素组左胫骨干骺端Cathepsin K mRNA表达量相比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各治疗组、假手术组与正常组左胫骨干骺端Cathepsin K mRNA表达量相比均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论骨碎补总黄酮抑制去卵巢大鼠血清Cathepsin K浓度、降低左胫骨干骺端Cathepsin K mRNA表达量的作用,可能是其治疗骨质疏松症的机制之一。
